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Innovative Approaches towards Mycobacterial Infections
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Innovative Approaches towards Mycobacterial Infections

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2022) | Viewed by 4422

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Marco Pieroni

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
Interests: drug discovery; medicinal chemistry; antibacterials; antituberculars
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Poce Giovanna

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs (DCTF), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
Interests: medicinal chemistry; drug development; antimycobacterials; antibacterials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Mycobacterial infections are a group of diseases caused by microorganisms of the genus Mycobacterium which includes over 190 recognized species. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is by far the most characterized, as well as the most threatening mycobacterial species; however, the incidence of NTM lung diseases, mostly caused by the Mycobacterium avium complex and M. abscessus complex, are on the rise, mainly in regions with low prevalence of TB, such as Europe and the US. In this scenario, the delivery of novel therapeutic approaches toward mycobacterial infections represents a stringent urgency.

This Special Issue will discuss recent advances in the field of antimycobacterial agents with the aim of giving a comprehensive view of the current therapeutic arsenal and perspectives for the future. We invite authors to share the contents of their research which should not be only limited to novel chemical entities, but also repurposed drugs, host-directed approaches, and biological agents, against both M. tuberculosis and NTM, which suitably fit the purpose of this Special Issue. Finally, improved delivery protocols for current antitubercular agents are highly appreciated as well.

Dr. Marco Pieroni
Prof. Poce Giovanna
Guest Editors

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • tuberculosis
  • infectious disease
  • non-tuberculous mycobacteria
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis
  • Mycobacterium abscessus
  • Mycobacterium avium complex
  • antimicrobial resistance
  • antimycobacterial compounds
  • medicinal chemistry
  • host-directed therapies
  • adjuvant treatments
  • drug delivery

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

15 pages, 1415 KiB  
Review
Exploring the Use of Medicinal Plants and Their Bioactive Derivatives as Alveolar NLRP3 Inflammasome Regulators during Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection
by Nontobeko E. Mvubu and Thamsanqa E. Chiliza
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(17), 9497; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22179497 - 31 Aug 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3274
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), is a successful intracellular pathogen that is responsible for the highest mortality rate among diseases caused by bacterial infections. During early interaction with the host innate cells, M. tuberculosis cell surface antigens interact with [...] Read more.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), is a successful intracellular pathogen that is responsible for the highest mortality rate among diseases caused by bacterial infections. During early interaction with the host innate cells, M. tuberculosis cell surface antigens interact with Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) to activate the nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-repeat containing family, pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) canonical, and non-canonical inflammasome pathways. NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the alveoli has been reported to contribute to the early inflammatory response that is needed for an effective anti-TB response through production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including those of the Interleukin 1 (IL1) family. However, overstimulation of the alveolar NLRP3 inflammasomes can induce excessive inflammation that is pathological to the host. Several studies have explored the use of medicinal plants and/or their active derivatives to inhibit excessive stimulation of the inflammasomes and its associated factors, thus reducing immunopathological response in the host. This review describes the molecular mechanism of the NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the alveoli during M. tuberculosis infection. Furthermore, the mechanisms of inflammasome inhibition using medicinal plant and their derivatives will also be explored, thus offering a novel perspective on the alternative control strategies of M. tuberculosis-induced immunopathology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Approaches towards Mycobacterial Infections)
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