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Electronics
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Hydrogen and Fuel Cells: Innovations and Challenges
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Hydrogen and Fuel Cells: Innovations and Challenges

A special issue of Electronics (ISSN 2079-9292). This special issue belongs to the section "Power Electronics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 July 2024 | Viewed by 4499

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Hanqing Yang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Automation Engineering, University of Electronic and Technology of China, Chengdu 611756, China
Interests: optimal control of hydrogen-based microgrid; multi-energy network operation and optimization
Dr. Jiajia Yang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4810, Australia
Interests: power system operation and optimization; smart grid; electricity markets; network modelling/planning for renewable integration
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Zening Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Electrical and Power Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
Interests: integrated energy system operation and optimization; hydrogen microgrid
Dr. Zhengmao Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
Interests: combined heat and power; hydrogen; multi-energy system planning and operation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As a green and renewable energy source, hydrogen is considered one of the most important directions for future energy development, which has flourished globally in recent years and has broad market prospects. The large-scale utilization of renewable energy for hydrogen production cuts the cost of obtaining hydrogen. Furthermore, the continuous improvement of fuel cell technology and hydrogen storage technology strengthens the integration of hydrogen energy with smart grids and vehicles to reduce holistic carbon emissions and promote sustainable development. Compared with conventional renewable energies, though with numerous merits, there are also many challenges associated with global hydrogen utilization, especially the technologies of relevant hydrogen devices, such as fuel cells, and electrolyzers, among others.

In this Special Issue, both original research articles and reviews are welcomed. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following:

  • Hydrogen generation and transmission in smart grid;
  • Hydrogen storage and transportation for multi-energy system;
  • Hydrogen vehicles for resilience enhancement;
  • Fuel cell controlling with hydrogen fuel;
  • Optimal operation of the hydrogen-based microgrid;
  • Smart operation of hydrogen sources via artificial intelligence;
  • Economics of hydrogen systems in smart grid;
  • Carbon-emission reduction in hydrogen infrastructure;
  • Heat recycling of hydrogen systems;
  • Hydrogen energy market.

Dr. Hanqing Yang
Dr. Jiajia Yang
Dr. Zening Li
Dr. Zhengmao Li
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Electronics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • hydrogen energy
  • fuel cells
  • smart grid
  • energy conversion
  • hydrogen vehicle

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 2215 KiB  
Article
Economic Dispatch of Integrated Electricity–Heat–Hydrogen System Considering Hydrogen Production by Water Electrolysis
by Jinhao Wang, Zhaoguang Pan, Huaichang Ge, Haotian Zhao, Tian Xia and Bin Wang
Electronics 2023, 12(19), 4166; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12194166 - 07 Oct 2023
Viewed by 997
Abstract
Water electrolysis is a clean, non-polluting way of producing hydrogen that has seen rapid development in recent years. It offers the possibility of resolving the issue of excessive carbon emissions in conventional hydrogen production methods. In addition, waste heat recovery in hydrogen fuel [...] Read more.
Water electrolysis is a clean, non-polluting way of producing hydrogen that has seen rapid development in recent years. It offers the possibility of resolving the issue of excessive carbon emissions in conventional hydrogen production methods. In addition, waste heat recovery in hydrogen fuel cells can significantly increase the efficiency of energy use. Thus, to combine the electric power system, the hydrogen energy system, and the district heating system, this research suggests a novel optimal multi-energy complementary electricity–hydrogen–heat model. Rooftop photovoltaics, energy storage batteries, electric boilers, and hydrogen energy systems made up of hydrogen generation, hydrogen storage, and hydrogen fuel cells are all included in the suggested model. Furthermore, the electricity–hydrogen–heat system can be connected successfully using waste heat recovery in hydrogen fuel cells to create a coordinated supply of heat and power. In this work, the waste heat of hydrogen fuel cells is taken into account to increase the efficiency of energy use. To show the effectiveness of the suggested optimal multi-energy complementary model, many case studies have been conducted. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hydrogen and Fuel Cells: Innovations and Challenges)
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13 pages, 2813 KiB  
Article
Multi-Type Reserve Collaborative Optimization for Gas-Power System Constrained Unit Commitment to Enhance Operational Flexibility
by Jinhao Wang, Huaichang Ge, Zhaoguang Pan, Haotian Zhao, Bin Wang and Tian Xia
Electronics 2023, 12(19), 4029; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12194029 - 25 Sep 2023
Viewed by 590
Abstract
With the wide application of the gas-power system, gas-power coupling equipment such as gas turbines are gradually becoming widely used, and the problem of insufficient system reserve capacity needs to be solved. In order to improve the operational flexibility of the gas-power system, [...] Read more.
With the wide application of the gas-power system, gas-power coupling equipment such as gas turbines are gradually becoming widely used, and the problem of insufficient system reserve capacity needs to be solved. In order to improve the operational flexibility of the gas-power system, this paper combines the source side, the load side, and the energy storage side to propose a multi-type backup system, and constructs the source-load-storage multiple reserve capacity system of the gas-power system. Through the participation of gas turbine, steam turbine, interruptible load, and energy storage battery to provide reserve capacity, it can fully cope with the output fluctuation of the load side and source side and realize the coordinated operation of multiple resources to provide reserve capacity. In addition, the coordination of gas turbines and steam turbines can further improve the operation flexibility of the gas-power system. Through the example analysis, it was found that the proposed method reduced the total operating cost of the system by 10.6%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hydrogen and Fuel Cells: Innovations and Challenges)
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12 pages, 823 KiB  
Article
Collaborative Service Restoration with Network Reconfiguration for Resilience Enhancement in Integrated Electric and Heating Systems
by Jinhao Wang, Huaichang Ge, Yang Yang, Zhaoguang Pan, Yizhao Liu and Haotian Zhao
Electronics 2023, 12(18), 3792; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12183792 - 07 Sep 2023
Viewed by 719
Abstract
Coordinated fault recovery is essential for the resilience enhancement of integrated electric and heating systems (IEHS) following natural catastrophes as the linkage of the power distribution system (PDS) and district heating system becomes tighter. DHS reconfiguration is a viable method for service restoration [...] Read more.
Coordinated fault recovery is essential for the resilience enhancement of integrated electric and heating systems (IEHS) following natural catastrophes as the linkage of the power distribution system (PDS) and district heating system becomes tighter. DHS reconfiguration is a viable method for service restoration because it could adjust the energy between energy sources and achieve uninterrupted energy supplies. In this paper, a collaborative service restoration model considering DHS reconfiguration is proposed to achieve better recovery after natural disasters. DHS reconfiguration could guarantee interrupted power supply in non-fault regions by shifting electric loads between power sources and accomplish optimal service restoration by adjusting the power output of combined heat and power units. Numerous case studies are undertaken to demonstrate the performance of coordinated reconfiguration on resilience enhancement and to confirm the efficacy of the proposed paradigm. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hydrogen and Fuel Cells: Innovations and Challenges)
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12 pages, 1420 KiB  
Article
A Robust Interval Optimization Method for Combined Heat and Power Dispatch
by Jinhao Wang, Junliu Zhang, Zhaoguang Pan, Huaichang Ge, Xiao Chang, Bin Wang, Shengwen Li and Haotian Zhao
Electronics 2023, 12(17), 3706; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12173706 - 01 Sep 2023
Viewed by 616
Abstract
The increasing penetration of renewable energy, particularly wind power, and the integration of different energy systems have become two major trends in the development of energy systems. In this context, this paper proposes a robust interval optimization method for combined heat and power [...] Read more.
The increasing penetration of renewable energy, particularly wind power, and the integration of different energy systems have become two major trends in the development of energy systems. In this context, this paper proposes a robust interval optimization method for combined heat and power dispatch (CHPD) to address the challenges associated with wind power accommodation. To enhance the flexibility of a power system and support the integration of wind power, flexibility resources from a district heating system are introduced in the economic dispatch. To ensure the safety and reliability of the CHPD results, a robust interval optimization method is employed. By considering a range of possible wind power outputs, the robust interval optimization method provides a robust and reliable dispatch plan that can accommodate uncertainties and fluctuations in wind power generation. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed model and method, case studies were conducted on a 6-bus electrical power system connected with a 6-node district heating system. The results demonstrate that the proposed approach can effectively enhance the integration of wind power and improve the overall reliability and flexibility of the energy system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hydrogen and Fuel Cells: Innovations and Challenges)
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12 pages, 3020 KiB  
Article
Optimal Scheduling of Virtual Power Plant Considering Reconfiguration of District Heating Network
by Jinhao Wang, Zhaoguang Pan, Shengwen Li, Huaichang Ge, Gang Yang and Bin Wang
Electronics 2023, 12(16), 3409; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12163409 - 11 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 713
Abstract
A combined heat and power virtual power plant (CHP-VPP) can effectively control the distributed resources in an electric–thermal coupling system and solve the problem of lack of flexibility caused by large-scale renewable energy grid connection. Similar to the optimal reconfiguration of distribution network [...] Read more.
A combined heat and power virtual power plant (CHP-VPP) can effectively control the distributed resources in an electric–thermal coupling system and solve the problem of lack of flexibility caused by large-scale renewable energy grid connection. Similar to the optimal reconfiguration of distribution network topology by operating switches, the district heating system is also equipped with tie and sectionalizing valves to realize the optimal adjustment of district heating network (DHN) topology, which provides an economical and effective method for improving the power system’s flexibility. Based on this, this paper proposes a CHP-VPP economic scheduling model considering reconfigurable DHN. Firstly, the energy flow model is introduced to reduce the computational complexity. Secondly, adaptive robust optimization solved by the column-and-constraint generation algorithm is used to settle the randomness of wind power to ensure that the results are feasible in all worst scenarios. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed model is illustrated by case studies based on an actual CHP-VPP. The results show that compared with the reference case, considering the reconfigurability of DHN in the CHP-VPP optimization scheduling process can reduce the cost by about 2.78%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hydrogen and Fuel Cells: Innovations and Challenges)
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