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Innovative Analytical Methods in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis

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A special issue of Chemosensors (ISSN 2227-9040). This special issue belongs to the section "Analytical Methods, Instrumentation and Miniaturization".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 February 2024) | Viewed by 12041

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Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Yi Wang

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Guest Editor

College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
Interests: drug discovery from natural products; high content screening; quality control of Traditional Chinese Medicine
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Xingchu Gong

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

1. Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
2. Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua 321016, China
Interests: traditional Chinese medicine quality control; pharmaceutical engineering
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Analysis of raw materials and excipients in pharmaceutical processes, as well as their preparation, plays a pivotal role in the quality control of drugs. In recent years, various bionic sensors have been developed to increase the sensitivity and efficiency of such analysis. Spectral technology, assisted by chemometrics and artificial intelligence, is also employed for efficient monitoring of pharmaceutical processes. Furthermore, nondestructive analytical technologies are increasingly being adopted, such as machine vision and acoustic emission. Lower-cost and greener analytical technology has also experienced rapid development, and the quality by design approach has led to further analytical innovation.

For this Special Issue, “Innovative Analytical Methods in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis”, we are inviting the submission of high-quality multidisciplinary research and reviews considering any and all aspects of innovative analytical methods focused on pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis.

Prof. Dr. Yi Wang
Dr. Xingchu Gong
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Chemosensors is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

AI-assisted analysis
biosensors and chemosensors
mass spectrometry
nuclear magnetic resonance
Raman spectrum
near-infrared spectroscopy
lab-on-chip
novel materials and devices for sample pretreatment
analytical quality by design
nondestructive analytical technology

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 5594 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Functionalized Three–Dimensional Graphene Containing Chitosan and Bovine Serum Albumin for Recognizing Chiral Drug Intermediates

by Sha Li, Wenyan Yao, Licheng Xie and Yan Jiang

Chemosensors 2023, 11(4), 243; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors11040243 - 14 Apr 2023

Viewed by 1304

Abstract

Chiral enantiomer recognition has important research significance in the field of analytical chemistry research. At present, most prepared chiral sensors are used for recognizing amino acids, while they are rarely used in the identification of drug intermediates. This work found that combining CS and reduced graphene oxide can enhance conductivity, increasing the recognition effect by connecting CS with BSA. Based on the above preparation, a new type of chiral sensor (3D–rGO–CS–BSA) was synthesized for the identification of drug intermediates, including the 1–Boc–3–hydroxypyrrolidine enantiomer. An obvious difference was achieved (I_R/I_S = 2.82) in the oxidation peak currents between the two enantiomers. The detection limits of the R–enantiomer and S–enantiomer were 4.85 nM and 11.76 nM, respectively. The proposed electrochemical sensing platform also has better potential for detecting the percentage content of mixed chiral enantiomer drugs. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Analytical Methods in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis)

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15 pages, 6080 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Chiral Recognition of Phenylglycinamide Enantiomer Based on Electrode Modified by Silver-Ammonia Ion-Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes Complex

by Wenyan Yao, Sha Li, Yong Kong, Licheng Xie and Yan Jiang

Chemosensors 2023, 11(2), 86; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors11020086 - 22 Jan 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1260

Abstract

Polyacrylic acid (PAA) chains were used to decorate the surface of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) via in situ free radical polymerization, and sulfonated chitosan (SCS) was synthesized via a simple and environmental method. Silver-ammonia ions were introduced as the fixative with PAA-MWCNTs as the basic framework, and SCS was used to decorate the surface, thereby obtaining PAA-MWCNTs-Ag-SCS. The modified electrode exhibited excellent cyclic voltammogram (CV) stability after 100 cycles of scanning. According to differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), the peak current value was approximately 250 μA, exhibiting outstanding sensitivity to phenylglycinamide (Pen) enantiomers. The peak current ratio of D-Pen to L-Pen reached 2.16, showing excellent selectivity. The detection limit (DL) was calculated as 0.015 mM and 0.036 mM for L-Pen and D-Pen, respectively, using the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N = 3). This study provides a new idea for the construction of a chiral-sensing platform with outstanding sensitivity, superior stability, and excellent recognition efficiency. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Analytical Methods in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis)

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16 pages, 6824 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Porphyrin-Based Metal–Organic Frameworks for Efficient Electrochemiluminescent Chiral Recognition of Tyrosine Enantiomers

by Wen-Rong Cai, Wen-Kai Zhu, Bao-Zhu Yang, Da-Tong Wu, Jun-Yao Li, Zheng-Zhi Yin and Yong Kong

Chemosensors 2022, 10(12), 519; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors10120519 - 7 Dec 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1428

Abstract

Science the biological activities of chiral enantiomers are often different or even opposite, their chiral recognition is of great significance. A new assembly structure named TCPP-Zn-(S)-BINOL was obtained based on the interaction between chiral binaphthol (BINOL) and the porphyrin-based MOF structure formed by Meso-Tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphine (TCPP) and Zn²⁺, and a new chiral sensor was designed relying on TCPP-Zn-(S)-BINOL. The chiral platform was designed by using binaphthol as a chiral recognizer and the porphyrin MOF as an emitter, which can recognize tyrosine (Tyr) enantiomers via the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) method. According to density functional theory (DFT), TCPP-Zn-(S)-BINOL has a different affinity with L/D-Tyr due to the different strength of the hydrogen bond between chiral ligand BINOL and the tyrosine (Tyr) enantiomer. It will be more suitable for combination with L-Tyr, and the presence of L-Tyr will increase the ECL intensity of the modified electrode via the catalytic reduction of co-reactant reagents, achieving the purpose of the chiral recognition of Tyr enantiomers. These findings show that TCPP-Zn-(S)-BINOL can be used as an advanced ECL chiral recognition platform for biomedical applications. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Analytical Methods in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis)

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14 pages, 2047 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Voltammetric Detection of Irbesartan by Molecularly Imprinted Polymer (MIP)-Modified Screen-Printed Electrodes

by Camilla Zanoni, Riccardo Rovida, Lisa Rita Magnaghi, Raffaela Biesuz and Giancarla Alberti

Chemosensors 2022, 10(12), 517; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors10120517 - 6 Dec 2022

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1370

Abstract

Irbesartan is a drug used to treat hypertension and high blood pressure. Recent studies associated sartans with several forms of cancer, making removing this class of substances from the environment a high priority. The EU has categorized drugs as emerging pollutants, and they can be more potent than other substances because they were designed to operate at low concentrations. Thus, effective and sensitive methods of determining Irbesartan selectively and accurately in environmental samples are necessary. MIPs have already been used to remove pollutants from complex matrixes, so they were also chosen for this work. In particular, a polyacrylate-based MIP was used to functionalize the graphite working electrode of screen-printed cells (SPCs), aiming to develop a voltammetric method for Irbesartan sensing. The MIP composition and the experimental conditions for the electrochemical determination were optimized through a Design of Experiments (DoE) approach. The whole analysis was replicated with different SPCs obtaining similar results, which highlight the good reproducibility potential. MIP-based electrodes were also applied to determine Irbesartan in fortified tap water samples, obtaining high recovery percentages. Given the good results, the electrochemical method based on MIP-modified screen-printed electrodes is promising for quantifying Irbesartan at a trace level. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Analytical Methods in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis)

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10 pages, 2668 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Functional Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@AuNPs SERS Nanomaterials for Rapid Enrichment and Detection of Mercury Ions in Licorice

by Jieqiang Zhu, Baoling Wang, Ping Yang, Junmei Li, Guyu Xiao, Jiangyu Yao, Xingchu Gong, Jizhong Yan and Hui Zhang

Chemosensors 2022, 10(10), 403; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors10100403 - 8 Oct 2022

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1697

Abstract

There has been an increasing demand for rapid and sensitive techniques for the detection of heavy metal ions that are harmful to the human body in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). However, the complex chemical composition of TCM makes the quantitative detection of heavy metal ions difficult. In this study, the magnetic Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@AuNPs nanoparticles combined with a probe molecule DMcT were used for the specific enrichment and detection of Hg²⁺ in the complex system of licorice. The core of Fe₃O₄ was bonded with SiO₂ to increase its stability. A layer of AuNPs was deposited to produce a “core–shell” Raman substrate with high surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) activity, which was surface modified by DMcT probe molecules with sulfhydryl groups. In the presence of Hg²⁺, Hg²⁺ binds to N on the amino group of DMcT to form N-Hg²⁺-N complexes, which induces Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@AuNPs-DMcT clustering to enhance SERS signal. The Raman probe molecule DMcT showed an excellent linear relationship (R² = 0.9709) between the SERS signal at 1416 cm⁻¹ and the Hg²⁺ concentration (0.5~100 ng/mL). This method achieved a good recovery (89.10~111.00%) for the practical application of detection of Hg²⁺ in licorice extracts. The results demonstrated that the functional Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@AuNPs-DMcT performed effective enrichment and showed high sensitivity and accurate detection of heavy metal ions from the analytes. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Analytical Methods in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis)

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16 pages, 3218 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Continuous Flow Synthesis of N-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots for Total Phenol Content Detection

by Shangxin Guo, Jing Lan, Bo Liu, Baixiu Zheng, Xingchu Gong and Xiaohui Fan

Chemosensors 2022, 10(8), 334; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors10080334 - 16 Aug 2022

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1583

Abstract

The carbon quantum dot (CQD) paper-based analytical device (PAD) has drawn great attention and is being intensively explored. However, the construction of a continuous flow CQD synthesis device remains challenging. In this work, a continuous flow reaction apparatus was constructed to synthesize nitrogen-doped CQDs using a mixed-solvent system of tetraethylene glycol and water. The optical properties of the CQDs were characterized. The CQDs were found to be quenched by phenolics such as chlorogenic acid, salvianolic acid B, and rutin. The CQD PAD was prepared for the determination of the total phenolic content of honeysuckle extracts. A smartphone was used to test the analytical performance of the CQD PAD. The results demonstrated that the degree of fluorescence quenching of the CQDs showed a linear relationship with the concentration of the added chlorogenic acid solution. This method was compared with the total phenolic assay in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, and the statistical test showed no significant difference between their results. With aqueous tetraethylene glycol as the solvent for the synthesis, the continuous flow reactor for CQD preparation could be easily set up. The CQD PAD is convenient, cheap, and expected to be used for the rapid quality detection of traditional Chinese medicines. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Analytical Methods in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis)

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Review

Jump to: Research

33 pages, 5470 KiB

Open AccessReview

Citius, Altius, Fortius—Advanced Mass Spectrometry in Service of Forensic Analysis

by Paulina Grocholska, Dominik Popiel, Martyna Walter, Monika Biernat, Marek Cebrat, Mariola Kuczer, Maciej Modzel, Remigiusz Bąchor and Alicja Kluczyk

Chemosensors 2022, 10(8), 324; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors10080324 - 11 Aug 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2726

Abstract

This review presents numerous studies in which mass spectrometry has been used to assist forensic investigation. Due to its unique capabilities, mainly high-resolution mass data and structural information, high sensitivity, and cooperation with separation techniques, this method provides access to many tools streamlining and accelerating sample analysis. Low analyte consumption, advanced derivatization procedures and availability of isotopically labeled standards offer opportunities to study materials previously not considered viable evidence, opening new avenues in forensic investigations. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Analytical Methods in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis)

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