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Electrochemical Sensors and Their Applications: A Theme Issue in Honor...
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Electrochemical Sensors and Their Applications: A Theme Issue in Honor of Professor Richard G. Compton

A special issue of Chemosensors (ISSN 2227-9040). This special issue belongs to the section "Electrochemical Devices and Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2024) | Viewed by 18280

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Xiuting Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
Interests: nanoelectrochemistry; electroanalysis; electrocatalysis
Dr. Qianqi Lin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Hybrid Materials for Opto-Electronics Group, Department of Molecules and Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Molecules Center and Center for Brain-Inspired Nano Systems, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
Interests: electrochemistry; nanophotonics; plasmonics; raman spectroscopy; light-matter interactions

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Richard G. Compton is the Aldrichian Praelector and Professor in the Department of Chemistry, Oxford. He was educated at Oxford University and Imperial College London and has published in excess of 1650 papers (h = 113; with more than 56,500 citations, excluding self-citations) and 7 books. He has co-written a trilogy of graduate texts (World Scientific Press): Understanding Voltammetry (with C E Banks, 3rd edition 2018); Understanding Voltammetry: Problems and Solutions (with C Batchelor-McAuley and E J F Dickinson, 2012); Understanding Voltammetry: Simulation of Electrode Processes (with E Kaetelhoen, E Laborda and K Ward 2nd edition, 2020). He is a co-author of the scientific biography A G Stromberg-First Class Scientist, Second Class Citizen. Letters from the GULAG and a History of Electroanalysis in the USSR (WSP, 2011).

Compton holds Honorary Doctorates from the Estonian University of Life Sciences and Kharkiv National University of Radio-electronics (Ukraine). He is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry, of IUPAC and of the International Society of Electrochemistry and a Member of the Academy of Europe (MEA), a Lifelong Honorary Professor of Sichuan University and an Honorary Professor at both Xiangtan University, Hunan and Central South University, Changsha. He received the 2018 Robert Boyle Prize of the Royal Society of Chemistry in 2018 and the Grotthuss Medal of the Theodor von Grotthuss foundation in 2021. He is a foreign member of the Lithuanian Academy of Science. Compton is the Founding Editor and Editor-in-Chief of two international journals.

Richard G. Compton has interests ranging from fundamental electrochemistry to making electrochemical sensors; the companies Senova and OxTox have spun out of group research in recent years in which he has been involved. Patents have been filed on 25 different topics including novel pH sensors, gas sensing and the detection of garlic strength and chilli heat in foodstuffs (with the latter commercialized with Zimmer Peacock). The Senova pHit Scanner, based on Compton group patents—the world's first calibration-free pH meter—won the prestigious 'best new product' award at PITTCON March 2013. Recent projects include sensors for fetal blood pH (to alert to possible brain damage via blood acidification, and in collaboration with the John Radcliffe Hospital), electrochemical bacteria detection, new food sensors, amperometric detection of alkali metals, direct detection of halide ions (chloride and bromide) in seawater and sensors for plankton in the perspective of number and speciation for monitoring ocean ecosystems.

This Special Issue is dedicated to celebrating the career of Professor Richard G. Compton in honor of his contributions to the field of electrochemical sensors. It will cover a selection of recent research and review articles on subjects ranging from new electrochemical sensors, advanced nanomaterials for electrochemical sensing, bioelectrochemical sensors, nanoelectrochemical sensors, electrogenerated chemiluminescence sensors, and their applications.

Electrochemical sensors provide sensitive, selective, clean and easy to use approaches to the detection and monitoring of many important chemical species, and hence play a crucial role in a wide range of fields, including environmental monitoring, healthcare, industrial processes, and food safety. This Special Issue aims to provide an overview of original innovations in current development and state-of-the-art techniques in electrochemical sensors in the journal Chemosensors. Potential topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Reviews on electrochemical sensors;
  • Innovations on electrochemical sensors;
  • Electrogenerated chemiluminescence sensors;
  • Bioelectrochemical sensors;
  • Nanoelectrochemical sensors;
  • Applications of electrochemical sensors;
  • Advanced nanomaterials for use in electrochemical sensing.

Dr. Xiuting Li
Dr. Qianqi Lin
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Chemosensors is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (9 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 3099 KiB  
Article
Hydrogen Sensing Properties of FET-Type Sensors with Pt-In2O3 at Room Temperature
by Meile Wu, Shixin Hu, Zhanyu Wu, Zebin Wang, Meng Li, Xi Liu, Xiaoshi Jin and Jong-Ho Lee
Chemosensors 2024, 12(3), 32; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors12030032 - 24 Feb 2024
Viewed by 1157
Abstract
In this paper, a field effect transistor (FET)-type sensor with Pt-decorated In2O3 (Pt-In2O3) nanoparticles is fabricated for detecting H2 gas at room temperature. A pulsed measurement method is adopted to continuously alternate between pre-biasing the [...] Read more.
In this paper, a field effect transistor (FET)-type sensor with Pt-decorated In2O3 (Pt-In2O3) nanoparticles is fabricated for detecting H2 gas at room temperature. A pulsed measurement method is adopted to continuously alternate between pre-biasing the gate and reading the drain current of the FET-type sensor. This method effectively reduces the drift in the sensing signal. It is also found that negative pre-bias voltages can dramatically shorten the recovery time of the sensor after sensing H2, while positive pre-bias voltages have the opposite effect. The H2 sensing performance of the sensor is characterized under the enhancement of a pulsed negative pre-bias. By calculating and comparing the root mean square, signal-to-noise ratio, and detection limit of the sensor under different operating regions, it is found that the sensor has the best sensing performance in the subthreshold region, which is suggested to be the optimum operating region for FET-type sensors. In addition, the presence of oxygen significantly consumes the hydrogen molecules and reduces the room-temperature H2 sensitivity of the sensor. The proposed sensor presents promising H2 sensing properties, and this research could be a guide for the use of FET-type sensors in more gas detection applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical Sensors and Their Applications: A Theme Issue in Honor of Professor Richard G. Compton)
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15 pages, 6254 KiB  
Article
Signal Amplification for Detection of Nilutamide in Three-Dimensional Electrochemical Sensor Using Copper Metal–Organic Framework Decorated Carbon Nanofibers
by Elaiyappillai Elanthamilan and Sea-Fue Wang
Chemosensors 2023, 11(10), 544; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors11100544 - 20 Oct 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1310
Abstract
The extensive use of antibiotics has rapidly spread antibiotic resistance, which poses significant health risks to humans. Unfortunately, despite this pressing issue, there is still a lack of a reliable on-site detection method for the residues of antibiotics, such as nilutamide (Nlu). Consequently, [...] Read more.
The extensive use of antibiotics has rapidly spread antibiotic resistance, which poses significant health risks to humans. Unfortunately, despite this pressing issue, there is still a lack of a reliable on-site detection method for the residues of antibiotics, such as nilutamide (Nlu). Consequently, there is an urgent need to develop and perfect such a detection method to effectively monitor and control antibiotic residues. In this study, the hydrothermal development of copper-metal-organic framework (Cu-MOF) polyhedrons on the functionalized carbon nanofiber (f-CNF) matrix allowed for the detection of Nlu in biological liquids via a sensitive amperometry technique. Further electrochemical detection of Nlu took place with the cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique Cu-MOF/f-CNF. Analytical and spectroscopic approaches were used to confirm the successful synthesis of Cu-MOF/f-CNF. The prepared material was decorated on the surface of GCE and performed as an electrochemical Nlu sensor, with a broad linear range of 0.01 to 141.4 μM and 2 nM as a lower limit of detection. In addition, the composites had a large surface area and many dedicated sites, which improved electrocatalysis. In practical applications, Cu-MOF/f-CNF/GCE provides a novel strategy for improving electrochemical activity by measuring Nlu concentrations in biological samples. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical Sensors and Their Applications: A Theme Issue in Honor of Professor Richard G. Compton)
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15 pages, 1233 KiB  
Article
A Novel Highly Sensitive Chemiluminescence Enzyme Immunoassay with Signal Enhancement Using Horseradish Peroxidase-Luminol-Hydrogen Peroxide Reaction for the Quantitation of Monoclonal Antibodies Used for Cancer Immunotherapy
by Ibrahim A. Darwish, Nourah Z. Alzoman and Nehal N. Khalil
Chemosensors 2023, 11(4), 245; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors11040245 - 14 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2267
Abstract
The development and validation of a novel enhanced chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA) with excellent sensitivity for the quantification of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) used for immunotherapy of cancer are described in this paper for the first time. The 96-microwell plates were used for the [...] Read more.
The development and validation of a novel enhanced chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA) with excellent sensitivity for the quantification of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) used for immunotherapy of cancer are described in this paper for the first time. The 96-microwell plates were used for the assay procedures, which involved the non-competitive binding reaction to a specific antigen. The immune complex of the antigen-mAb formed on the internal surface of the plate wells was quantified by a novel chemiluminescence (CL)-producing horseradish peroxidase (HRP) reaction. The reaction employed 4-(imidazol-1-yl)phenol (IMP) as a highly potent signal enhancer for the HRP-luminol–hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) CL reaction. The proposed CLEIA was developed for bevacizumab (BEV), as a representative example for mAbs. The CLEIA was validated in accordance with the immunoassay validation for bioanalysis standards, and all of the validation criteria were met. The assay’s limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) were 9.3 and 28.2 pg mL−1, respectively, with a working dynamic range of 10–400 pg mL−1. The assay enables the accurate and precise quantitation of mAbs in human plasma samples without any interference from endogenous substances and/or plasma matrix. The novel CLEIA was compared in terms of dynamic range and sensitivity with other pre-validated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using HRP/colorimetric substrate as a detection system and the observed differences were explained. The CLEIA protocol’s ease of use, high throughput, and simplicity allows to analyze numerous samples in clinical settings. The proposed CLEIA has a significant benefit in the assessment of mAbs in clinical settings for the evaluation of their pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, therapeutic drug monitoring, and refining their safety profiles, opening a new era for a better understanding of pharmacodynamics at the cellular level. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical Sensors and Their Applications: A Theme Issue in Honor of Professor Richard G. Compton)
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18 pages, 3311 KiB  
Article
Electrochemical Behavior and Voltammetric Determination of Two Synthetic Aroyl Amides Opioids
by Andrea Capucciati, Anna Burato, Chiara Bersani, Stefano Protti, Antonella Profumo and Daniele Merli
Chemosensors 2023, 11(3), 198; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors11030198 - 20 Mar 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1597
Abstract
In the present work, we describe the electrochemical behaviour of two opioids structurally related to aroyl amides of forensic interest, namely U-47700 and AH-7921. The data obtained allowed for the mise-au-point of a voltammetric determination protocol, that relies on differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) [...] Read more.
In the present work, we describe the electrochemical behaviour of two opioids structurally related to aroyl amides of forensic interest, namely U-47700 and AH-7921. The data obtained allowed for the mise-au-point of a voltammetric determination protocol, that relies on differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) at a glassy carbon electrode in ethanol/0.1 M lithium perchlorate/0.10 M 2,6-lutidine. To apply the method to the analysis of real samples (urines), a clean-up and a preconcentration strategy by solid phase extraction (SPE) using the adsorbent Florisil have been developed. LOQ of 0.2 μg·mL−1 in urine samples with an enrichment factor of 20 and linear range from 5 to 150 μg·mL−1 were obtained. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical Sensors and Their Applications: A Theme Issue in Honor of Professor Richard G. Compton)
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13 pages, 2729 KiB  
Article
Simultaneous Electrochemical Analysis of Uric Acid and Xanthine in Human Saliva and Serum Samples Using a 3D Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite-Modified Electrode
by Seong-Hyun Han, Ki Won Moon, Yun Jong Lee and Gi-Ja Lee
Chemosensors 2023, 11(3), 185; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors11030185 - 10 Mar 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1295
Abstract
Accurate and effective diagnosis and individualized management of gout can be potentially achieved by detecting uric acid (UA) and xanthine (XT) simultaneously using an easy-to-use method. Herein, we report simultaneous detection of UA and XT using a 3-dimensional (3D) macroporous gold nanoparticle-incorporated reduced [...] Read more.
Accurate and effective diagnosis and individualized management of gout can be potentially achieved by detecting uric acid (UA) and xanthine (XT) simultaneously using an easy-to-use method. Herein, we report simultaneous detection of UA and XT using a 3-dimensional (3D) macroporous gold nanoparticle-incorporated reduced graphene oxide–carbon nanotube nanocomposite (GNP/rGO-CNT). The GNP/rGO-CNT was simply prepared on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by one-step electrochemical deposition/co-reduction. It displayed highly sensitive and selective responses to UA and XT, showing excellent stability and good reproducibility in neutral pH. It was demonstrated that 3D GNP/rGO-CNT on GCE could detect UA and XT in human saliva and blood serum simultaneously. This GNP/rGO-CNT for simultaneous detection of UA and XT in human body fluids can be utilized for monitoring drug adherence for gout treatment, together with gout diagnosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical Sensors and Their Applications: A Theme Issue in Honor of Professor Richard G. Compton)
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13 pages, 3752 KiB  
Article
An Accessible Yarn-Based Sensor for In-Field Detection of Succinylcholine Poisoning
by Victor Ong, Nicholas R. Cortez, Ziru Xu, Farbod Amirghasemi, Mohamed K. Abd El-Rahman and Maral P. S. Mousavi
Chemosensors 2023, 11(3), 175; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors11030175 - 4 Mar 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1729
Abstract
Succinylcholine (SUX) is a clinical anesthetic that induces temporary paralysis and is degraded by endogenous enzymes within the body. In high doses and without respiratory support, it results in rapid and untraceable death by asphyxiation. A potentiometric thread-based method was developed for the [...] Read more.
Succinylcholine (SUX) is a clinical anesthetic that induces temporary paralysis and is degraded by endogenous enzymes within the body. In high doses and without respiratory support, it results in rapid and untraceable death by asphyxiation. A potentiometric thread-based method was developed for the in-field and rapid detection of SUX for forensic use. We fabricated the first solid-contact SUX ion-selective electrodes from cotton yarn, a carbon black ink, and a polymeric ion-selective membrane. The electrodes could selectively measure SUX in a linear range of 1 mM to 4.3 μM in urine, with a Nernstian slope of 27.6 mV/decade. Our compact and portable yarn-based SUX sensors achieved 94.1% recovery at low concentrations, demonstrating feasibility in real-world applications. While other challenges remain, the development of a thread-based ion-selective electrode for SUX detection shows that it is possible to detect this poison in urine and paves the way for other low-cost, rapid forensic diagnostic devices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical Sensors and Their Applications: A Theme Issue in Honor of Professor Richard G. Compton)
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15 pages, 3497 KiB  
Article
Enhanced Nitrite Detection by a Carbon Screen Printed Electrode Modified with Photochemically-Made AuNPs
by Malak Talbi, Ammar Al-Hamry, Priscila Rios Teixeira, Leonardo G. Paterno, Mounir Ben Ali and Olfa Kanoun
Chemosensors 2022, 10(2), 40; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors10020040 - 22 Jan 2022
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 3525
Abstract
Excessive nitrite amounts harm the environment and put public health at high risk. Therefore, accurate and sensitive detection of nitrite in surface and groundwater is mandatory for mitigating its adverse effects. Herein, a highly sensitive electrochemical sensor based on carbon screen-printed electrodes (CSPE) [...] Read more.
Excessive nitrite amounts harm the environment and put public health at high risk. Therefore, accurate and sensitive detection of nitrite in surface and groundwater is mandatory for mitigating its adverse effects. Herein, a highly sensitive electrochemical sensor based on carbon screen-printed electrodes (CSPE) surface-modified with photochemically-made gold nanoparticles (AuNPs, ~12 nm) is proposed for nitrite detection. Scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy show that AuNPs uniformly coat the CSPE, increase its surface area, and contribute to oxidizing nitrite to much lower potential (+0.5 V vs. Ag/AgCl) and faster rate. Under optimized differential pulse voltammetry conditions, the CSPE/AuNPs-PEI electrode responds linearly (R2 > 0.99) to nitrite within a wide concentration range (0.01–4.0 µM), showing a sensitivity of 0.85 µA·µM−1·cm−2 and limit of detection as low as 2.5 nM. The CSPE/AuNPs-PEI electrode successfully detects nitrite in tap water and canned water of olives, showing no influence of those matrices. In addition, the electrode’s response is highly reproducible since a relative standard deviation lower than 10% is observed when the same electrode is operated in five consecutive measurements or when electrodes of different fabrication batches are evaluated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical Sensors and Their Applications: A Theme Issue in Honor of Professor Richard G. Compton)
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Review

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22 pages, 7185 KiB  
Review
Recent Progress of Electrochemical Sensors in Food Analysis
by Zhaoxia Shi, Ling Xia and Gongke Li
Chemosensors 2023, 11(9), 478; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors11090478 - 1 Sep 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1915
Abstract
Electrochemical sensors have the advantages of being sensitive, stable, selective, simple, fast, and cost-efficient, and they have attracted much attention in food analysis. Electrode modification materials are very important for the performance of electrochemical sensors. This review summarizes the type of electrode modification [...] Read more.
Electrochemical sensors have the advantages of being sensitive, stable, selective, simple, fast, and cost-efficient, and they have attracted much attention in food analysis. Electrode modification materials are very important for the performance of electrochemical sensors. This review summarizes the type of electrode modification material (metal nanoparticles/metal oxides, conductive polymers, carbon materials, and the metal-organic framework and its composite materials) and the application progress of electrochemical sensors in food analysis, mainly including the detection of food additives, pesticide residues, veterinary drugs residue, heavy metals, and mycotoxins in food in the recent ten years. Moreover, the application of electrochemical sensors is prospected. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical Sensors and Their Applications: A Theme Issue in Honor of Professor Richard G. Compton)
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26 pages, 4607 KiB  
Review
The Light-Addressable Potentiometric Sensor and Its Application in Biomedicine towards Chemical and Biological Sensing
by Yage Liu, Ping Zhu, Shuge Liu, Yating Chen, Dongxin Liang, Miaomiao Wang, Liping Du and Chunsheng Wu
Chemosensors 2022, 10(5), 156; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors10050156 - 24 Apr 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3091
Abstract
The light-addressable potential sensor (LAPS) was invented in 1988 and has developed into a multi-functional platform for chemical and biological sensing in recent decades. Its surface can be flexibly divided into multiple regions or pixels through light addressability, and each of them can [...] Read more.
The light-addressable potential sensor (LAPS) was invented in 1988 and has developed into a multi-functional platform for chemical and biological sensing in recent decades. Its surface can be flexibly divided into multiple regions or pixels through light addressability, and each of them can be sensed independently. By changing sensing materials and optical systems, the LAPS can measure different ions or molecules, and has been applied to the sensing of various chemical and biological molecules and cells. In this review, we firstly describe the basic principle of LAPS and the general configuration of a LAPS measurement system. Then, we outline the most recent applications of LAPS in chemical sensing, biosensing and cell monitoring. Finally, we enumerate and analyze the development trends of LAPS from the aspects of material and optical improvement, hoping to provide a research and application perspective for chemical sensing, biosensing and imaging technology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical Sensors and Their Applications: A Theme Issue in Honor of Professor Richard G. Compton)
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