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Advanced Studies in Urban and Regional Planning
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Advanced Studies in Urban and Regional Planning

A special issue of Buildings (ISSN 2075-5309). This special issue belongs to the section "Architectural Design, Urban Science, and Real Estate".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2024) | Viewed by 11702

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Shisong Cao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Geomatics and Urban Spatial Informatics, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
Interests: urban remote sensing and urban–rural development; land use change; urban climatology; interaction between humans and the environment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Yang Shi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
Interests: urban historical protection; urban renewal; urban design; urban and rural planning
Shuo Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor Assistant
School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
Interests: urban historical protection; urban renewal; urban sustainable development; green building design; urban and rural planning
Meizi Yang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor Assistant
School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
Interests: urban sustainable development; green building design; urban climatology; human living environment improvement; urban revitalization

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are delighted to invite you to contribute to a Special Issue entitled "Advanced Studies in Urban and Regional Planning" in the Buildings Journal. The process of urbanization and regional development has become increasingly complex and multifaceted. Rapid population growth, technological advancements, and environmental concerns have significantly impacted the planning and management of cities and regions worldwide. In light of these challenges, there is an urgent need to explore advanced studies that offer innovative solutions to create sustainable, livable, and resilient urban environments.

This Special Issue aims to address a wide range of topics related to urban and regional planning, providing a platform for researchers and practitioners to share their insights and expertise. We welcome submissions that address topics including, but not limited to, the following:

  • Smart and Sustainable Cities: Exploring the integration of advanced technologies and sustainable practices to develop smart cities that enhance quality of life, resource efficiency, and environmental sustainability.
  • Urban Governance and Policy: Investigating the role of governance structures, policies, and regulations in shaping urban and regional development, and evaluating their effectiveness in addressing social, economic, and environmental challenges.
  • Transportation and Mobility: Analyzing innovative transportation systems, mobility solutions, and urban transit planning to improve accessibility, reduce congestion, and promote sustainable commuting options.
  • Land Use and Urban Design: Assessing the impact of land use planning and urban design on urban aesthetics, functionality, and community well-being, with a focus on creating inclusive and vibrant public spaces.
  • Climate Change and Resilience: Investigating strategies for climate adaptation and mitigation in urban and regional contexts, as well as building resilience against natural disasters and extreme weather events.
  • Housing and Affordable Living: Examining approaches to providing affordable housing and addressing the housing needs of diverse urban populations, including low-income communities and marginalized groups.
  • Cultural Heritage and Conservation: Highlighting the importance of preserving cultural heritage in urban planning and exploring methods to balance development with cultural conservation.
  • Sustainable Infrastructure and Energy: Exploring sustainable infrastructure development and energy-efficient solutions that reduce the ecological footprint of urban and regional areas.
  • Participatory Planning and Community Engagement: Investigating the significance of engaging local communities in the planning process to ensure inclusive decision-making and responsive urban development.

Authors are encouraged to submit original research contributions that align with the aims and scope of this Special Issue. Manuscripts should adhere to the journal's formatting guidelines and will undergo a thorough peer-review process to ensure the highest academic standards.

We are confident that this Special Issue will contribute significantly to the field of urban and regional planning, fostering innovative ideas and transformative approaches to tackle the challenges of our time. We are excited to curate a collection of high-quality research articles, case studies, and theoretical explorations that address the critical challenges and opportunities in urban and regional planning.

We look forward to your valuable contributions.

Sincerely,

Dr. Shisong Cao
Dr. Yang Shi
Guest Editors

Shuo Li
Meizi Yang
Guest Editor Assistants

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Buildings is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • urbanization regional development
  • sustainable cities
  • inclusive planning
  • smart technologies
  • transportation infrastructure
  • urban governance
  • climate adaptation
  • resilient cities
  • cultural heritage conservation
  • environmental sustainability
  • data analytics

Published Papers (15 papers)

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Research

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26 pages, 17848 KiB  
Article
Adaptability and Interconnectedness in Latin American Innerburbs: An Assessment of the Public/Private Interface in Informal Settlements
by Carlos Augusto Martínez Muñoz and Francisco Javier Maroto Ramos
Buildings 2024, 14(5), 1378; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14051378 - 11 May 2024
Viewed by 226
Abstract
An “Innerburb” is an urban structure that emerged between the 1950s and 1980s, settled in rural areas, and is considered the first periphery of the Latin American city. This structure results from socio-spatial and territorial evolutionary processes, constituting the pinnacle of informal evolution. [...] Read more.
An “Innerburb” is an urban structure that emerged between the 1950s and 1980s, settled in rural areas, and is considered the first periphery of the Latin American city. This structure results from socio-spatial and territorial evolutionary processes, constituting the pinnacle of informal evolution. However, despite offering a comprehensive perspective on the informal problem, innerburbs have been scarcely reviewed in the literature. This article explores the Latin American innerburb by adopting as a method a comparative study of the public/private interface in the cases of San Cosme in Lima, Villa Rodolfo Ricciardelli in Buenos Aires and Vila Heliopolis in São Paulo, evaluating their adaptation and interconnection with the city through morphological indicators, using morphological mapping through satellite images as an analytical tool, and using Space Syntax as a topological approach in the analysis of connectivity and visibility indicators. The objective of the research is the detection of morphological patterns that alter the functioning of the public/private interface in innerburbs. The results show that the existence of impermeable facades, the lack of public spaces and the illegal appropriation in the development of informal practices are transgressive adaptability patterns at the micro-scale that affect the interface, drastically limiting the interconnection between the innerburb and the formal fabric, restricting its morphological openness and affecting the development of socioeconomic activities. As a discussion and conclusion, corrective measures for progressive improvement in innerburbs are established, focusing on the adaptability of housing and road space as a means of interconnection between the innerburb and the city. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Studies in Urban and Regional Planning)
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19 pages, 4109 KiB  
Article
Resilience-Vulnerability Balance and Obstacle Factor Analysis in Urban Flooding: A Case Study in the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau
by Wenjing Wang, Chao Xu, Junchao He, Zhongwen Chi, Weilan Bai and Rui Liu
Buildings 2024, 14(5), 1274; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14051274 - 1 May 2024
Viewed by 409
Abstract
Under the combined influence of climate change and urban development, the risk of urban flooding caused by extreme weather events has increased significantly, making assessing flood vulnerability and resilience increasingly crucial for urban flood management. With the 45 counties in Qinghai Province as [...] Read more.
Under the combined influence of climate change and urban development, the risk of urban flooding caused by extreme weather events has increased significantly, making assessing flood vulnerability and resilience increasingly crucial for urban flood management. With the 45 counties in Qinghai Province as the research objects, the hazard risk of flood and exposure are combined to study their vulnerability. At the same time, resilience is evaluated by the indicators selected from four dimensions (society, economy, environment, and infrastructure). Through Z-scoring, the vulnerability and resilience of each county are clustered into four groups to explore their associations from a spatial balance perspective. Obstacle factor analysis is introduced to summarize the key factors affecting the improvement of urban resilience in Qinghai Provence. The results show that the eastern areas of Qinghai experience high vulnerability to flooding because of high levels of hazard and exposure. What is more, Xining, Haidong, and Haixi experience a high level of resilience. A strong spatial mismatch between vulnerability and resilience exists in Qinghai, with 24 counties (58%) being self-adapted, 8 counties (18%) over-abundant, and 11 counties deficient in terms of nature–nurture. The length of levee and number of beds in medical institutions are the main obstacles to resilience in Qinghai. The research results can provide a theoretical and scientific basis for future urban flood management and resilience development in the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Studies in Urban and Regional Planning)
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16 pages, 9479 KiB  
Article
Spatial Gradient Differences in the Cooling Island Effect and Influencing Factors of Urban Park Green Spaces in Beijing
by Chao Xu, Wenjing Wang and He Zhu
Buildings 2024, 14(5), 1206; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14051206 - 24 Apr 2024
Viewed by 373
Abstract
Urban park green spaces exhibit significant cool island effects, which can effectively mitigate the urban heat environment. Clarifying the characteristics and differences in the cool island effects of urban parks across different spatial gradients within cities is instrumental in identifying potential issues and [...] Read more.
Urban park green spaces exhibit significant cool island effects, which can effectively mitigate the urban heat environment. Clarifying the characteristics and differences in the cool island effects of urban parks across different spatial gradients within cities is instrumental in identifying potential issues and optimizing the structure and resource allocation of park green spaces in a scientifically rational manner. This study focuses on parks within the central urban area of Beijing, utilizing remote sensing image interpretation and land surface temperature (LST) inversion to extract relevant characteristics of park green spaces and the park cool island intensity (PCI) index. Various mathematical and statistical methods including correlation analysis, regression analysis, and cluster analysis are employed to conduct comparative studies across three gradients: within the 3rd ring road, between the 3rd and 5th ring roads, and outside the 5th ring road. The analysis reveals that both park green space characteristics and urban heat island effects exhibit spatial gradient differences, collectively influencing the cool island effects of urban park green spaces. PCI gradually decreases across the three spatial gradients. Cluster analysis identifies four distinct types of parks with different cool island effect characteristics, highlighting the need for optimization and improvement in over half of the parks. Various indicators of park green space characteristics show different correlations with PCI, with variations in correlation strength and thresholds across gradients. The fitting effects of regression equations for each characteristic indicator and PCI gradually worsen from within the 3rd ring road to outside the 5th ring road, with different factors playing important roles across gradients. This study enhances our understanding of the cool island effects of urban park green spaces and facilitates the proposition of differentiated optimization management strategies for urban park green space planning and system construction in different regions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Studies in Urban and Regional Planning)
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21 pages, 14665 KiB  
Article
Research on the Classification of Rail Transit Stations and Passenger Flow Patterns—A Case from Xi’an, China
by Li Chen, Yuan Chen, Yupeng Wang and Ying Li
Buildings 2024, 14(4), 1068; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14041068 - 11 Apr 2024
Viewed by 321
Abstract
Transit-oriented development (TOD) has been promoted and implemented worldwide through the efficient integration of rail transit stations and land use. However, the interactions between stations and the surrounding catchment areas (CAs) are characterized by different features of the built environment and regional development. [...] Read more.
Transit-oriented development (TOD) has been promoted and implemented worldwide through the efficient integration of rail transit stations and land use. However, the interactions between stations and the surrounding catchment areas (CAs) are characterized by different features of the built environment and regional development. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a quantitative classification method for rail transit stations based on the built environment within a CA and to identify the passenger flow characteristics of different types of stations to develop targeted planning and design policies. In this study, Line 1 and Line 2 within the third ring road of Xi’an City were taken as the objects, and a station classification system was constructed by taking station traffic levels and different building functions within the CA as the classification factors. Secondly, indicators of the built environment, such as six different types of functions, were calculated through refined vector modeling, and 30 typical stations were typologically analyzed. Furthermore, 10 typical types—totaling 11 stations—were selected for passenger flow monitoring, and the passenger flow characteristics of the different types of stations were summarized in terms of the dimensions of stations and exits. Finally, the correlations between the indicators of the built environment and passenger traffic for different functions were quantified. This study provides a basis for the future optimization of stations and the built environment, as well as station design and management. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Studies in Urban and Regional Planning)
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23 pages, 3999 KiB  
Article
Design Strategies to Improve Metro Transit Station Walking Environments: Five Stations in Chongqing, China
by Chungui Yao, Gaoyuan Li and Shuiyu Yan
Buildings 2024, 14(4), 1025; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14041025 - 6 Apr 2024
Viewed by 638
Abstract
While transit-oriented development (TOD) has been widely adopted in urban design alongside the expansion of urban metro transit, the creation of pedestrian-friendly environments has often been overlooked during implementation. This has resulted in a lower walking advantage around metro transit stations. To address [...] Read more.
While transit-oriented development (TOD) has been widely adopted in urban design alongside the expansion of urban metro transit, the creation of pedestrian-friendly environments has often been overlooked during implementation. This has resulted in a lower walking advantage around metro transit stations. To address this issue and encourage walking and public transport use in metro transit station areas, this study undertook a quantitative comparative analysis of the pedestrian environment in five Chongqing metro transit station areas. The analysis focused on three key dimensions: “comprehensive evaluation”, “basic scale”, and “structural quality”. The comprehensive evaluation considered factors such as the pedestrian catchment area ratio, POI kernel density distribution, and crowd agglomeration. The basic scale dimension comprised floor area ratio, building density, pedestrian road density, and the quantity of station entrances and exits. Finally, structural quality factors included land use type mixing degree, POI function mixing degree, intersection connectivity, median street length, pedestrian route directness, and green view index. Based on these analyses, this study proposes a series of pedestrian environment design strategies including land use and transportation. The strategies for land use advocate for “developing compact and diverse land use”, “strengthening attraction of station center”, “positioning large projects on the edge”, “restricting private transportation capabilities”. The strategies for transportation consist of “increasing pedestrian road density”, “traffic calming organization”, “subdivision of road types”, and “three-dimensional pedestrian traffic system”. These strategies aim to create a more humanized and environmentally friendly pedestrian environment, proactively rise to the challenge of climate change, thereby cultivating sustainable urban development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Studies in Urban and Regional Planning)
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14 pages, 1254 KiB  
Article
The Contextuality of Dongdaemun Design Plaza and Park, an Iconic Building in Seoul—A Study Based on Fuzzy Statistical Analysis
by Zeheng Cao and Jae-Eun Yoon
Buildings 2024, 14(4), 1011; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14041011 - 5 Apr 2024
Viewed by 500
Abstract
For many cities around the world, the construction of iconic buildings is a major strategy to improve their urban space and enhance recognition. Yet, newly built iconic buildings usually spark controversy owing to their relationship with the urban context of the city. In [...] Read more.
For many cities around the world, the construction of iconic buildings is a major strategy to improve their urban space and enhance recognition. Yet, newly built iconic buildings usually spark controversy owing to their relationship with the urban context of the city. In this study, revolving around Dongdaemun Design Plaza and Park, we analyze and evaluate the functional influences of its reconstruction on the urban context of Seoul. We found that though the DPP has a positive effect on the city image and cultural exchange of Seoul, it is barely satisfactory for maintaining and extending the urban context. Through the combination of a random sampling questionnaire and triangular fuzzy number analysis, we transfer previous subjective comments about the DPP into an objective evaluation, analyze its influence on the dimension of culture, and call for consideration of the continuity of the urban context in future urban planning. The results of this study provide a new perspective on quantifying the urban contextual influence of iconic buildings, reminding city planners of the balance between the development of business and the sustainability of the urban context. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Studies in Urban and Regional Planning)
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18 pages, 296 KiB  
Article
Power Dynamics in Collaborative Governance Processes: A Case Study of a Disadvantaged Neighbourhood in Southern Spain
by Antonio Delgado-Baena and Antonio Sianes
Buildings 2024, 14(4), 1002; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14041002 - 4 Apr 2024
Viewed by 551
Abstract
This study focuses on assessing collaborative governance from the perspective of power dynamics in a disadvantaged neighbourhood in southern Spain: Las Palmeras. Increasing global urbanisation in recent decades has exacerbated problems of segregation within cities, posing a major challenge to achieving healthy urban [...] Read more.
This study focuses on assessing collaborative governance from the perspective of power dynamics in a disadvantaged neighbourhood in southern Spain: Las Palmeras. Increasing global urbanisation in recent decades has exacerbated problems of segregation within cities, posing a major challenge to achieving healthy urban environments for harmonious coexistence. Public policies have struggled to address this challenge, particularly following the adoption of the United Nations’ 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and its Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which have underlined the importance of fostering inclusiveness and sustainability in urban environments. In this context, collaborative governance has emerged as a prominent strategy for democratising the implementation of public policies in urban contexts. However, the efficacy of collaborative governance is hampered by the dynamics of power relations, which limits its effectiveness. The aim of this study is understanding how these dynamics mediate collaborative processes in urban regeneration contexts, an area little addressed so far. Through a case study and the systematisation of experiences, the study proposes strategic recommendations for managing these dynamics within collaborative governance. The insights drawn from this study can serve as a basis for better addressing urban challenges, thus fostering greater inclusiveness and sustainability in urban areas as well as offering valid lines for future research in the field. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Studies in Urban and Regional Planning)
24 pages, 3583 KiB  
Article
Between Laws and Trends: Unraveling the Dynamics of Vertical Housing Units’ Development under Institutional Forces in the Brazilian Amazon
by Frederico Guilherme Pamplona Moreira, Alexander Hierro Ferreira de Souza, José Maria Coelho Bassalo and Milton Cordeiro Farias Filho
Buildings 2024, 14(3), 727; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14030727 - 8 Mar 2024
Viewed by 741
Abstract
This paper is based on the recognition of a phenomenon occurring in the real estate market of Belém, Pará, in the Brazilian Amazon. The phenomenon refers to the relative increase in the size of the balconies of residential apartments launched in the city [...] Read more.
This paper is based on the recognition of a phenomenon occurring in the real estate market of Belém, Pará, in the Brazilian Amazon. The phenomenon refers to the relative increase in the size of the balconies of residential apartments launched in the city between 2005 and 2017 by construction companies, with the aim of increasing the number of units built per tower. Given that balconies were originally areas of low frequency for the occupants of apartments in this region, the aim of this article was to identify and analyze the institutional factors that support this product development strategy, which is becoming increasingly consolidated among companies. To investigate this phenomenon, we collected data from official documents provided by the Municipal Urban Planning Department (Secretaria Municipal de Urbanismo—SEURB), specifically focusing on the launch of residential high-rise buildings during the specified period. Regression techniques with ordinary least squares methods were applied, as well as econometric models of spatial autocorrelation. The results of the hypothesis tests confirmed the relationship between the restrictive parameters imposed by the city’s Urban Master Plan and the relative increase in apartment balconies. The spatial autocorrelation models confirmed the spatial spillover effect, showing that apartment projects with this characteristic tend to be concentrated in certain areas of the city, influencing each other. In order to discuss this phenomenon, the institutional theory was the protagonist of the analysis, showing how an organizational strategy can adapt to the authority that regulates the occupation of urban land in the city, meeting the two market forces and the demand and supply of apartments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Studies in Urban and Regional Planning)
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25 pages, 7708 KiB  
Article
Environmental Sustainability Study of Urban Waterfront Landscapes Based on the LCA–Emergy–Carbon Footprint and Artificial Neural Network Method
by Gang Jiang, Lanlan Zuo, Ashish T. Asutosh and Junxue Zhang
Buildings 2024, 14(2), 386; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14020386 - 1 Feb 2024
Viewed by 949
Abstract
The ecological landscape design of urban rivers plays a crucial role in mitigating the urban heat island effect and preserving urban ecology. This study focuses on the construction process data of key landscape nodes along Nanjing’s urban rivers. By employing a whole life [...] Read more.
The ecological landscape design of urban rivers plays a crucial role in mitigating the urban heat island effect and preserving urban ecology. This study focuses on the construction process data of key landscape nodes along Nanjing’s urban rivers. By employing a whole life cycle emergy approach and carbon emission method, the sustainable changes in the landscape system are quantitatively assessed. Furthermore, artificial neural networks have been used to conduct long-term sustainability analysis and predictions for the landscape system. The research findings reveal that over time, the maintenance investment in landscape projects gradually becomes dominant, increasing from 2% in the first year to approximately 75% after 30 years. This phenomenon signifies a decline in the efficiency of the landscape system. Sustaining the ecological balance of the landscape system necessitates continuous inputs of material flow, energy flow, and information flow. The major contributors to carbon emissions in the landscape engineering system are diesel fuel, cement, and steel. This highlights opportunities for sustainable improvement from a low-carbon perspective. To enhance the ecological sustainability of urban waterfront landscapes, three measures are proposed: sponge city construction concepts, coupled sewage treatment systems, and information flow monitoring systems. The effectiveness of these measures was preliminarily validated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Studies in Urban and Regional Planning)
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25 pages, 18218 KiB  
Article
An Experimental Study on Flexural-Shear Behavior of Composite Beams in Precast Frame Structures with Post-Cast Epoxy Resin Concrete
by Peiqi Chen, Shuo Xu, Xiaojie Zhou and Dezong Xu
Buildings 2023, 13(12), 3137; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13123137 - 18 Dec 2023
Viewed by 686
Abstract
Epoxy resin concrete has superior mechanical properties compared to ordinary concrete, and will play an increasingly important role in urban construction. In this paper, the application effect and prospect of epoxy resin concrete in precast composite frame structures are discussed. Taking the joint [...] Read more.
Epoxy resin concrete has superior mechanical properties compared to ordinary concrete, and will play an increasingly important role in urban construction. In this paper, the application effect and prospect of epoxy resin concrete in precast composite frame structures are discussed. Taking the joint surface of the old and new concrete at the end of the composite beam as the research object, three specimens were devised and fabricated. Subsequently, a horizontal cyclic load test was conducted, and the seismic performance indices were analyzed. Multiple finite element models were established to assess the influence of precast concrete strength, the diameter of the longitudinal bar of the beam, the shear span ratio, and the epoxy resin concrete post-cast area, among other factors, on the seismic performance of the beam end. Four findings indicate the following: Firstly, epoxy resin concrete, characterized by its high performance attributes, can be used as a post-cast material in precast concrete structures. Secondly, when the strength of the post-cast epoxy concrete approximates or slightly exceeds that of the precast concrete, and the ratio of longitudinal reinforcement and shear span ratio are appropriately balanced, the operational performance of the composite beam frame structure is enhanced. In addition, when post-cast epoxy resin concrete is employed in the beam-column joint area, the mechanical performance of the composite beam end in the joint area matches or even surpasses that of the structure that was cast in situ. And subsequently, the expansion of post-cast area resulted in better mechanical performance. Finally, when the area of post-cast epoxy resin concrete is a non-node area, the mechanical properties of the composite beam end are worse than the former. However, the amount of epoxy resin concrete used will be greatly reduced, and as the precast node area expands, the bearing capacity of the beam end will increase and gradually approach the cast-in situ structure, indicating that this construction scheme also has advantages. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Studies in Urban and Regional Planning)
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29 pages, 14012 KiB  
Article
Entropy Change of Historical and Cultural Heritage in Traditional Tibetan Area of China Based on Spatial-Temporal Distribution Pattern
by Xiwei Xu, Junyu Zhang, Shupeng Liu, Jiaqi Liu, Zhen Zhang and Xiaoyuan Tian
Buildings 2023, 13(12), 2995; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13122995 - 30 Nov 2023
Viewed by 1159
Abstract
The traditional Tibetan area of China is an ethnically and culturally significant region with a historical geographical connection. This study investigates the spatial-temporal distribution patterns and entropy changes of historical and cultural heritage by examining the association between cultural heritage and socio-historical factors. [...] Read more.
The traditional Tibetan area of China is an ethnically and culturally significant region with a historical geographical connection. This study investigates the spatial-temporal distribution patterns and entropy changes of historical and cultural heritage by examining the association between cultural heritage and socio-historical factors. It utilizes analytical methods such as information entropy and incorporates temporal, spatial, and typological information from the data obtained in the Third National Cultural Relics Census. The findings are as follows: (1) The three major regions in the Tibetan area of China alternately serve as development cores for the traditional Tibetan area, exhibiting a fluctuating “dispersion-aggregation” trend of historical and cultural heritage, which also displays notable regional variations. (2) The quantity and entropy change of historical and cultural heritage exhibit correlations between different periods, but there are also some intergenerational differences. (3) The spatial-temporal distribution pattern of historical and cultural heritage demonstrates an inter-era correlation, indicating that socio-historical development is a nonlinear process characterized by both “transition” and “accumulation”. These findings are of significant importance for further understanding the social evolutionary process of human settlements in high-altitude areas and for the comprehensive protection of cultural heritage in ethnic regions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Studies in Urban and Regional Planning)
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17 pages, 27979 KiB  
Article
Analyzing the Spatial Interaction Characteristics of Urban Area Shared Bicycle Systems: A Case Study of Beijing’s Central Area
by Dongwei Tian, Zheng Wen and Yao Sun
Buildings 2023, 13(10), 2646; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13102646 - 20 Oct 2023
Viewed by 974
Abstract
Shared bicycle systems play a crucial role in promoting sustainable urban transportation, addressing challenges such as traffic congestion and air pollution. Understanding the spatiotemporal patterns of shared bike usage is essential for optimizing bike-sharing infrastructure and improving transportation planning. In this study, we [...] Read more.
Shared bicycle systems play a crucial role in promoting sustainable urban transportation, addressing challenges such as traffic congestion and air pollution. Understanding the spatiotemporal patterns of shared bike usage is essential for optimizing bike-sharing infrastructure and improving transportation planning. In this study, we analyzed 2.4 million records of shared bicycle data to explore the spatial distribution, interaction patterns, and flow dynamics within Beijing’s urban central area. We found that bike distribution peaks during commuting hours, particularly in central regions with employment centers. Complex networks are an important method for studying travel flows. Through a spatial interaction network, we identified key streets with high node strength and popularity, often concentrated in central areas. They experience heavy shared bicycle use during peak hours due to their employment-centric location. Conversely, peripheral areas see increased usage in the evenings, reflecting distinct commuting patterns. The morning exhibits higher positive central values compared to the evening, while negative values show the opposite trend. Based on these findings, we recommend enhancing bike infrastructure in high-density areas with bike lanes and ample shared bikes during peak hours. Implementing mixed-use zoning policies in the central region can reduce traffic congestion. Expanding shared bike services to peripheral regions can promote equitable access. This research underscores the importance of considering spatial and temporal factors in urban transportation planning. Future work should incorporate additional data sources, explore environmental impacts, and analyze usage in different seasons and special events, further contributing to sustainable urban mobility development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Studies in Urban and Regional Planning)
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17 pages, 3875 KiB  
Article
Study on Community Detection Method for Morning and Evening Peak Shared Bicycle Trips in Urban Areas: A Case Study of Six Districts in Beijing
by Yao Sun, Zheng Wen, Dongwei Tian, Man Zhang and Yue Hou
Buildings 2023, 13(10), 2446; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13102446 - 26 Sep 2023
Viewed by 650
Abstract
Examining the clustering characteristics and fluctuations within urban areas during peak hours through the lens of bike-sharing is of utmost importance in the optimization of bike-sharing systems and urban transportation planning. This investigation adopts the principles of urban spatial interaction network construction and [...] Read more.
Examining the clustering characteristics and fluctuations within urban areas during peak hours through the lens of bike-sharing is of utmost importance in the optimization of bike-sharing systems and urban transportation planning. This investigation adopts the principles of urban spatial interaction network construction and employs streets as the fundamental units of analysis to model bike-sharing activities during morning and evening peak hours within Beijing’s six central districts. Subsequent to this, a comprehensive analysis of the network’s structural attributes was carried out. A Walktrap method, rooted in modularity analysis, was introduced to discern and scrutinize the clustering patterns and characteristics of communities within the network across different temporal intervals. Empirical findings reveal a predominant usage pattern of shared bicycles for short-distance travel during both morning and evening peak hours. Notably, distinctive community structures manifest during these periods, characterized by two large communities and multiple smaller ones during the morning peak, while the evening peak showcases a single large community alongside several medium-sized and smaller ones. Moreover, the extended interaction radius points to an expanded geographic range of interactions among streets. These findings bear significant implications for the management of urban transportation, bike-sharing enterprises, and urban residents, proffering valuable insights for the optimization of bike-sharing schemes and transportation strategies. These research findings not only contribute to enhancing urban transportation planning and bike-sharing systems but also provide robust guidance for advancing more efficient and sustainable urban transportation solutions, thereby fostering the sustainable development of cities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Studies in Urban and Regional Planning)
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Review

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21 pages, 8664 KiB  
Review
Strategies for the Preservation of Historic Areas within Existing Middle Eastern Cities: The Case of Historic Jeddah
by Mohammed Aloshan, Islam Elghonaimy, Essam Mesbah, Moustafa Gharieb, Khaled Mahmoud Heba and Mohammed Humaid Alhumaid
Buildings 2024, 14(3), 717; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14030717 - 7 Mar 2024
Viewed by 771
Abstract
During the recent founding of Saudi Arabia in 1932, there was no interest in the urban and architectural heritage that Jeddah possesses. As a result, historic Jeddah was exposed to many problems similar to many historical Middle Eastern cities. For example, the historic [...] Read more.
During the recent founding of Saudi Arabia in 1932, there was no interest in the urban and architectural heritage that Jeddah possesses. As a result, historic Jeddah was exposed to many problems similar to many historical Middle Eastern cities. For example, the historic city wall and many heritage buildings were demolished. With the economic recovery during the 1970s, the original dwellers abandoned the city altogether. They were soon replaced by a class of ex-patriate workers who would inhabit the area, and the city’s distinct heritage fell into neglect. At the beginning of the 1980s, attempts to preserve that area began with the expert Robert Matthew, who studied the remaining historical buildings and proposed strategies for preservation that were based on three main directions: restoration, replacement, or new construction. The issuance of “Saudi’s 2030 vision” included programs to develop Saudi cities, including Jeddah. This program includes the removal of unplanned and slum areas around historic Jeddah without developing a clear master plan for what will replace them. In addition, it includes the complete expropriation of historic Jeddah, without announcing a specific plan for what the area will be used for. Therefore, this study seeks to review current preservation strategies, with the aim of reaching results related to the challenges facing the area; demonstrating the effectiveness of the preservation strategies used; and deducing what could contribute in the future to the development, preservation, and optimal exploitation of the area, without losing its value as a result of the modernization processes currently taking place. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Studies in Urban and Regional Planning)
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25 pages, 657 KiB  
Review
Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Railways: Systematic Review of Research Progress
by Diogo da Fonseca-Soares, Sayonara Andrade Eliziário, Josicleda Domiciano Galvincio and Angel Fermin Ramos-Ridao
Buildings 2024, 14(2), 539; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14020539 - 17 Feb 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1490
Abstract
Rail transportation plays a crucial role in reducing carbon emissions from the transportation system, making a significant contribution to environmental impact mitigation due to the efficiency of passenger and freight rail transportation. Accurate assessment of carbon emissions resulting from rail transit is essential [...] Read more.
Rail transportation plays a crucial role in reducing carbon emissions from the transportation system, making a significant contribution to environmental impact mitigation due to the efficiency of passenger and freight rail transportation. Accurate assessment of carbon emissions resulting from rail transit is essential to quantify the positive impact of this mode of transportation on overall urban transport emission reduction. Given that measuring carbon emissions throughout the lifecycle of rail transportation involves a wide array of factors, adopting a systematic framework for analyzing these aspects is crucial. This study conducts a comprehensive review of existing research related to carbon emissions in rail transportation and its mitigation. Initially, the distinct characteristics of carbon emissions associated with rail transportation are identified, along with the complexity involved in accurately measuring these emissions. Subsequently, a comparison and analysis are conducted regarding various models for measuring carbon emissions in rail transportation. Finally, the study examines some greenhouse gas emission measurement research within the railway system. Redirecting research efforts toward measuring carbon emissions in the rail transportation system is essential to help the development of robust and effective public policies. This measure will play a crucial role in emission reduction, climate change mitigation, and the promotion of more sustainable transportation. Furthermore, the identified results propose which LCA methodology offers a valuable framework improving the quality of railway transportation emissions for future generations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Studies in Urban and Regional Planning)
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