Special Issue "Renal Toxicity"
QuicklinksA special issue of Toxins (ISSN 2072-6651).
Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2010
Special Issue Editor
Guest Editor
Dr. Susan A. Elmore
NTP Pathologist and Staff Scientist, COTR, NTP Pathology Support Contracts, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Cellular and Molecular Pathology Branch, 111 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
E-Mail:
Published Papers
Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
A wide variety of drugs and environmental chemicals are known to cause nephrotoxicity. The mammalian kidney is particularly susceptible to the toxic effects of noxious chemicals, in part, due to the unique physiologic and anatomic features of this organ. The excretory and metabolic functions of the kidneys place them at high risk following exposure to toxicants. Xenobiotics in the systemic circulation are delivered to the kidney in relatively high amounts because this organ receives about 25% of the resting cardiac output. Toxicants are also concentrated in the tubular fluid via the normal processes of urine concentration. For this reason, a nontoxic plasma concentration may achieve toxic concentrations within the kidney. Furthermore, the biotransformation of xenobiotics to toxic intermediates within the tubular epithelium also contributes to this increased renal susceptibility to toxic injury. Over the past decade, research into the pathophysiologic and molecular basis of renal disease has grown tremendously with the ultimate goal of assessing human health risk. This special journal issue provides a review of mechanisms of acute renal failure with examples of renal toxicity from a variety of agents including mycotoxins, herbicides, heavy metals, solvents, therapeutic agents and plants. Chemically induced α2u-globulin nephropathy is also reviewed.
Dr. Susan A. Elmore
Guest Editor
Submission
All manuscripts should be submitted to toxins@mdpi.org with a copy to the Guest Editor. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. Papers will be published continuously (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.
Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are refereed through a peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Toxins is an international peer-reviewed Open Access monthly journal published by MDPI.
Keywords
- nephrotoxicity
- renal
- xenobiotic
- biotransformation
- α2u-globulin
Planned Papers
Abstract: Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RO/NS) are endogenous products of cell metabolism with physiological roles that range from cell signaling to bacterial killing. In these contexts, sources and reactivity vary sensibly in a pathway and specie-specific fashion. Uremic patients suffer of an exacerbated production and reactivity of these species due to toxin-related disturbances and chronic inflammation that ultimately produce signs of damage to different classes of biomolecules. Post translational modifications of proteins by RO/NS are the most stable markers of this abnormal chemistry and their accumulation in the uremic blood is believed to contribute inflammatory and vascular complications. Present dialysis approaches are not effective in correcting the accumulation of these protein products. Protein damage by RO/NS is thus a source of large solutes that deserve more consideration for a role as uremic toxins and for appropriate treatment strategies.
Last update: 12 February 2010