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Symmetry
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Symmetry in Strong-Field Physics
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Symmetry in Strong-Field Physics

A special issue of Symmetry (ISSN 2073-8994). This special issue belongs to the section "Physics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2023) | Viewed by 10908

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Shicheng Jiang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Minhang Campus, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
Interests: strong laser–matter interaction; squeezing of quantum light; multi-dimensional spectroscopy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Jigen Chen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cutting Tools, Taizhou University, Taizhou 31800, China
Interests: high harmonic generation; attosecond physics; ultrafast spectroscopy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the interaction of a strong femtosecond laser with gaseous or solid targets, many ultrahigh-order nonlinear phenomena can occur, such as high harmonic generation, tunneling ionization, double ionization, laser-induced electron diffraction, laser-induced ultrafast current, and so on. To model the experimentally detected signal, the most reliable method is solving a time-dependent Schrӧdinger equation (TDSE) or some other expanded dynamic equation. Many semi-analytic models were also developed to help people understand the physical process more clearly.  

Indeed, the output signal is largely governed by the symmetry property of the target. Thus, it is natural to analyze the data obtained experimentally or numerically from the viewpoint of symmetry. As people obtain more and more knowledge about the connection between the symmetry property of the target and the feature of an ultrafast signal, it becomes easier to predict the characteristics of the output signal. Additionally, the ultrafast output signal could be an effective tool to detect the symmetry property of an unknown target. In particular, to achieve ultrafast time-resolution of monitoring phase transitions with the symmetry property changed, it is critical to study the causal relationship between the symmetry property of the sample and the features of the output signal.   

Dr. Shicheng Jiang
Prof. Dr. Jigen Chen
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Symmetry is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • space-time symmetry
  • strong-field physics
  • ultrafast spectroscopy
  • high harmonic generation
  • time-resolved detection

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

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9 pages, 3657 KiB  
Article
Carrier-Envelope Phase-Controlled Residual Current in Semiconductors
by Tong Wu, Guanglu Yuan, Zishao Wang, Xiangyu Zhang, Chao Yu and Ruifeng Lu
Symmetry 2023, 15(4), 784; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym15040784 - 23 Mar 2023
Viewed by 1101
Abstract
With the purpose of achieving current control by using intense laser field manipulation, we investigate the effect of carrier-envelope phase (CEP) on residual current in SiO2 crystals. By solving semiconductor Bloch equations, we found that the CEP can strongly influence the carrier [...] Read more.
With the purpose of achieving current control by using intense laser field manipulation, we investigate the effect of carrier-envelope phase (CEP) on residual current in SiO2 crystals. By solving semiconductor Bloch equations, we found that the CEP can strongly influence the carrier population of the conduction band, which means that it can act as a simple, but useful, tool to control residual current. That is, the resultant asymmetric distribution in the first Brillouin zone gave rise to non-zero residual current. Additionally, we further consider the two-color laser scheme to achieve better control of residual current, showing that asymmetric two-color laser fields can induce the maximum residual current. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Symmetry in Strong-Field Physics)
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13 pages, 1624 KiB  
Article
Theoretical Simulation of the High–Order Harmonic Generated from Neon Atom Irradiated by the Intense Laser Pulse
by Siqi Wei, Yun Pan, Yue Qiao, Shushan Zhou, Haiying Yuan, Jun Wang, Fuming Guo and Yujun Yang
Symmetry 2023, 15(3), 636; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym15030636 - 3 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1451
Abstract
Based on the strong field approximation theory and numerical solution of Maxwell’s propagation equations, the high–order harmonic is generated from a neon (Ne) atom irradiated by a high–intensity laser pulse whose central wavelength is 800 nm. In the harmonic spectrum, it is found [...] Read more.
Based on the strong field approximation theory and numerical solution of Maxwell’s propagation equations, the high–order harmonic is generated from a neon (Ne) atom irradiated by a high–intensity laser pulse whose central wavelength is 800 nm. In the harmonic spectrum, it is found that in addition to the odd harmonics of the driving laser, a new frequency peak appeared. By examining the time–dependent behavior of the driving laser, it is found that the symmetry of the laser field is broken. We demonstrated that these new spectrum peaks are caused by the intensity reduction and frequency blue shift of the high–intensity laser during propagation. Our results reveal that it is feasible to modulate the harmonics of the specific energy to produce high–intensity harmonic emission by changing the gas density and the position of the gas medium interacting with the laser pulse. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Symmetry in Strong-Field Physics)
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10 pages, 1567 KiB  
Article
Investigation of the Spatio-Temporal Characteristics of High-Order Harmonic Generation Using a Bohmian Trajectory Scheme
by Simeng Song, Linyan Wu, Yue Qiao, Shushan Zhou, Jun Wang, Fuming Guo and Yujun Yang
Symmetry 2023, 15(3), 581; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym15030581 - 23 Feb 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1196
Abstract
High-order harmonic generation of atoms irradiated by an ultrashort laser pulse was calculated by numerically solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation and the Bohmian trajectory scheme. The harmonic spectra with the two schemes are quantitatively consistent. Using the wavelet behavior of the Bohmian trajectory, [...] Read more.
High-order harmonic generation of atoms irradiated by an ultrashort laser pulse was calculated by numerically solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation and the Bohmian trajectory scheme. The harmonic spectra with the two schemes are quantitatively consistent. Using the wavelet behavior of the Bohmian trajectory, the spatio-temporal features of harmonic emission from different energy regions are analyzed. It is found that the spatio-temporal distribution of the harmonic well revealed the physical mechanism of harmonic generation. This method will contribute to the understanding of harmonic emission mechanisms in complex systems, which include many atoms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Symmetry in Strong-Field Physics)
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20 pages, 373 KiB  
Article
Polyadization of Algebraic Structures
by Steven Duplij
Symmetry 2022, 14(9), 1782; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14091782 - 26 Aug 2022
Viewed by 1131
Abstract
A generalization of the semisimplicity concept for polyadic algebraic structures is proposed. If semisimple structures can be presented as block diagonal matrices (resulting in the Wedderburn decomposition), general forms of polyadic structures are given by block-shift matrices. We combine these forms to get [...] Read more.
A generalization of the semisimplicity concept for polyadic algebraic structures is proposed. If semisimple structures can be presented as block diagonal matrices (resulting in the Wedderburn decomposition), general forms of polyadic structures are given by block-shift matrices. We combine these forms to get a general shape of semisimple nonderived polyadic structures (“double” decomposition of two kinds). We then introduce the polyadization concept (a “polyadic constructor”), according to which one can construct a nonderived polyadic algebraic structure of any arity from a given binary structure. The polyadization of supersymmetric structures is also discussed. The “deformation” by shifts of operations on the direct power of binary structures is defined and used to obtain a nonderived polyadic multiplication. Illustrative concrete examples for the new constructions are given. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Symmetry in Strong-Field Physics)
11 pages, 5035 KiB  
Article
Visualization of the Preacceleration Process for High-Harmonic Generation in Solids
by Fangyan Gao, Yonglin He, Lingyu Zhang, Shengpeng Zhou and Jing Guo
Symmetry 2022, 14(7), 1281; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14071281 - 21 Jun 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1696
Abstract
The high-order harmonic generation (HHG) in ZnO is investigated by numerically solving semiconductor Bloch equations (SBEs), which can be explained well by a four-step model. In this model, preacceleration is the first step, in which the electron is accelerated in the valence band [...] Read more.
The high-order harmonic generation (HHG) in ZnO is investigated by numerically solving semiconductor Bloch equations (SBEs), which can be explained well by a four-step model. In this model, preacceleration is the first step, in which the electron is accelerated in the valence band until it reaches the point of the minimum band gap. To prove the existence of the preacceleration process, SBE-based k-resolved harmonic spectra and the transient conduction-band population are presented. The results show that the contribution of crystal-momentum channels away from the minimum band gap via preacceleration is non-negligible. Furthermore, the X-shaped distribution in the k-resolved spectra can be described well by the preacceleration process. Based on the above analysis, we can conclude that the preacceleration process plays an important role in HHG. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Symmetry in Strong-Field Physics)
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10 pages, 2786 KiB  
Article
The High-Order Harmonic Generation from Atom Driven by Co-Rotating Laser Pulses Composed of Fundamental Frequency and High Frequency
by Yanzuo Chen, Xuxu Shen, Wendi Lan, Suyu Li, Fuming Guo and Yujun Yang
Symmetry 2022, 14(3), 519; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14030519 - 3 Mar 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1776
Abstract
By numerically solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE), the harmonic generation process of atoms irradiated by corotating laser pulses composed of a fundamental-frequency and high-frequency field is systematically studied. Compared with the harmonic generated from atoms irradiated by counter-rotating two-color circularly polarized laser [...] Read more.
By numerically solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE), the harmonic generation process of atoms irradiated by corotating laser pulses composed of a fundamental-frequency and high-frequency field is systematically studied. Compared with the harmonic generated from atoms irradiated by counter-rotating two-color circularly polarized laser pulses, the harmonic efficiency of atoms irradiated by co-rotating two-color circularly polarized (CRTCCP) laser pulses with the same laser parameters is higher. The harmonics are generated by the multiphoton radiation transition after the bound electrons undergo a multiphoton absorption transition to a higher energy level. In addition, the variation of the harmonic efficiency with the field strength of different frequency components in the driving laser pulse is also studied. The circularly polarized harmonics with higher intensity can be obtained by optimizing the field strength of the driving laser field. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Symmetry in Strong-Field Physics)
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Review

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11 pages, 962 KiB  
Review
Review on the Reconstruction of Transition Dipole Moments by Solid Harmonic Spectrum
by Yue Qiao, Jiaqi Chen and Jigen Chen
Symmetry 2022, 14(12), 2646; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14122646 - 14 Dec 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1613
Abstract
In the process of intense laser–matter interactions, the transition dipole moment is a basic physical quantity at the core, which is directly related to the internal structure of the solid and dominates the optical properties of the solid in the intense laser field. [...] Read more.
In the process of intense laser–matter interactions, the transition dipole moment is a basic physical quantity at the core, which is directly related to the internal structure of the solid and dominates the optical properties of the solid in the intense laser field. Therefore, the reconstruction of the transition dipole moment between solid energy bands is extremely important for clarifying the ultrafast dynamics of carriers in the strong and ultrashort laser pulse. In this review, we introduce recent works of reconstructing transition dipole moment in a solid, and the advantages and drawbacks of different works are discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Symmetry in Strong-Field Physics)
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