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Plants
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Positive and Negative Plant–Fungal Interactions
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Positive and Negative Plant–Fungal Interactions

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Protection and Biotic Interactions".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2020) | Viewed by 9718

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Rafał Ogórek

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Head of Department of Mycology and Genetics, Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego Street 63/77, 51-148 Wrocław, Poland
Interests: mycology; speleomycology; phytopathology; plant–fungal interactions; antifungal agents; molecular biology; agriculture
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Agnieszka Lejman

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Agroecology and Plant Production, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 25 Norwida St., 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
Interests: agriculture; biology and ecology of weeds; weed infestation control methods; plant–fungal interactions
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Fungi are ubiquitous and organotrophic eukaryotes comprising at least 1.5 million species. They are an important component of the biocenoses of many ecosystems because, in many cases, they allow enable proper functioning by facilitating matter circulation and many other processes. However, fungi can also adversely affect ecosystems, including their biocenosis. Plant–fungal interactions are particularly interesting for agriculture regarding the preservation of food security. These interactions are characterized by being saprotrophic, symbiotic, or pathogenic. Thus, fungi can help in recycling organic matter, living in symbiotic relationships with plants, as well as causing their diseases. Pathogenic and symbiotic fungi are particularly important for agriculture. The fungi themselves as well as their toxic metabolites are responsible for various diseases, affecting different crops and resulting in significant quantitative and qualitative losses. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms by which fungi cause disease is an important element of plant protection and food safety. In turn, beneficial fungi that are associated with plants, including endophytes, exert positive effects on them, inter alia, by promoting growth, producing secondary metabolites, and increasing resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Plants can also defend themselves against harmful fungi, namely through elicitor-mediated phytoalexin formation, secondary metabolites, and barrier formation. Thus, plant–fungal interactions is an exciting area of research.

Hence, we established this Special Issue of Diversity dedicated to “Positive and Negative Plant–Fungal Interactions” and invite you to contribute. This Special Issue will focus on plant–fungal interactions (saprotrophic, symbiotic, or pathogenic), including examination of the diversity of fungal communities inhabiting various plants, plant and fungal factors regulating symbiotic plant–fungal associations, the virulence of fungi, mechanisms of plant defense against pathogenic fungi, genetic engineering in the context of plant–fungal interactions, methods to protect plants against pathogenic fungi, and many other issues concerning plant–fungal interactions.

I am looking forward to receiving your contributions!

Dr. Rafał Ogórek
Dr. Agnieszka Lejman
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • plant–fungal interaction
  • virulence factors
  • fungal metabolites
  • plant response to infection
  • plant metabolites
  • biocontrol
  • agriculture

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 2323 KiB  
Article
The Potential of Rhizoctonia-Like Fungi for the Biological Protection of Cereals against Fungal Pathogens
by Dominik Bleša, Pavel Matušinský, Romana Sedmíková and Milan Baláž
Plants 2021, 10(2), 349; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10020349 - 12 Feb 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2556
Abstract
The use of biological control is becoming a common practice in plant production. One overlooked group of organisms potentially suitable for biological control are Rhizoctonia-like (Rh-like) fungi. Some of them are capable of forming endophytic associations with a large group [...] Read more.
The use of biological control is becoming a common practice in plant production. One overlooked group of organisms potentially suitable for biological control are Rhizoctonia-like (Rh-like) fungi. Some of them are capable of forming endophytic associations with a large group of higher plants as well as mycorrhizal symbioses. Various benefits of endophytic associations were proved, including amelioration of devastating effects of pathogens such as Fusarium culmorum. The advantage of Rh-like endophytes over strictly biotrophic mycorrhizal organisms is the possibility of their cultivation on organic substrates, which makes their use more suitable for production. We focused on abilities of five Rh-like fungi isolated from orchid mycorrhizas, endophytic fungi Serendipita indica, Microdochium bolleyi and pathogenic Ceratobasidium cereale to inhibit the growth of pathogenic F. culmorum or Pyrenophora teres in vitro. We also analysed their suppressive effect on wheat infection by F. culmorum in a growth chamber, as well as an effect on barley under field conditions. Some of the Rh-like fungi affected the growth of plant pathogens in vitro, then the interaction with plants was tested. Beneficial effect was especially noted in the pot experiments, where wheat plants were negatively influenced by F. culmorum. Inoculation with S. indica caused higher dry shoot biomass in comparison to plants treated with fungicide. Prospective for future work are the effects of these endophytes on plant signalling pathways, factors affecting the level of colonization and surviving of infectious particles. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Positive and Negative Plant–Fungal Interactions)
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13 pages, 2006 KiB  
Article
Application of UPLC-QTOF-MS Based Untargeted Metabolomics in Identification of Metabolites Induced in Pathogen-Infected Rice
by Mira Oh, SeonJu Park, Hun Kim, Gyung Ja Choi and Seung Hyun Kim
Plants 2021, 10(2), 213; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10020213 - 22 Jan 2021
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 3320
Abstract
Metabolomics is a useful tool for comparing metabolite changes in plants. Because of its high sensitivity, metabolomics combined with high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS) is the most widely accepted metabolomics tools. In this study, we compared the metabolites of pathogen-infected rice (Oryza sativa [...] Read more.
Metabolomics is a useful tool for comparing metabolite changes in plants. Because of its high sensitivity, metabolomics combined with high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS) is the most widely accepted metabolomics tools. In this study, we compared the metabolites of pathogen-infected rice (Oryza sativa) with control rice using an untargeted metabolomics approach. We profiled the mass features of two rice groups using a liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (QTOF-MS) system. Twelve of the most differentially induced metabolites in infected rice were selected through multivariate data analysis and identified through a mass spectral database search. The role of these compounds in metabolic pathways was finally investigated using pathway analysis. Our study showed that the most frequently induced secondary metabolites are prostanoids, a subclass of eicosanoids, which are associated with plant defense metabolism against pathogen infection. Herein, we propose a new untargeted metabolomics approach for understanding plant defense system at the metabolic level. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Positive and Negative Plant–Fungal Interactions)
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24 pages, 6289 KiB  
Article
Plant–Fungal Interactions: A Case Study of Epicoccoum nigrum Link
by Rafał Ogórek, Katarzyna Przywara, Agata Piecuch, Magdalena Cal, Agnieszka Lejman and Krzysztof Matkowski
Plants 2020, 9(12), 1691; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9121691 - 1 Dec 2020
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2752
Abstract
Epicoccum nigrum Link is a cosmopolitan species, and it has been described as both an in vitro and in vivo antagonist of many fungal pathogens of plants. However, there are no clear reports about the interactions between E. nigrum and various plant species, [...] Read more.
Epicoccum nigrum Link is a cosmopolitan species, and it has been described as both an in vitro and in vivo antagonist of many fungal pathogens of plants. However, there are no clear reports about the interactions between E. nigrum and various plant species, and about the effects of culture filtrates produced by this fungus on plants. Therefore, we assessed the interactions between E. nigrum and different plant species, such as sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L. ssp. vulgaris), spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), and winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). Additionally, we evaluated the effect of E. nigrum culture filtrates on garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.). Our study showed that the E. nigrum strains varied in terms of the color of excreted culture filtrates and showed different interactions with garden cress. Overall, fungal strains only affected adversely the sprout length in a significant way and, partially, the growth of the tested plant. In addition, we confirmed the suitability of the garden cress as a test plant in in vitro toxicological tests. Most strains of E. nigrum (61.1%) secreted enzymes expected to participate mainly in the later stages of the infection (amylases and proteases) and not those expected to operate in the early phases of host penetration (cellulases and pectinases) that were secreted by 33.3% of fungal strains. The group of pectinolytic enzymes represented the catalysts with the highest activity. Host specialization tests showed that E. nigrum was mainly re-isolated from the plant surface and the number of infected seedlings as well as the disease index depended on a studied plant species, with sugar beet and red clover being most sensitive to infection. In turn, the lowest value of the disease index caused by E. nigrum strains was recorded for spring wheat and winter oilseed rape. Overall, statistically significant differences in the growth of plant seedlings during the host specialization test were noted only for sugar beet and red clover seedlings. The seedlings of plants in the control group (without fungal inoculum) exhibited an increased length compared to those treated with E. nigrum inoculum. Our studies also showed that E. nigrum is probably a facultative saprotroph of plants and it may winter on red clover, which is presumably its main reservoirs, among the species considered. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Positive and Negative Plant–Fungal Interactions)
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