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Agriculture and Crop Science: Innovation and Sustainability of Poaceae Crops

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A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Crop Physiology and Crop Production".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2023) | Viewed by 4214

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Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Jianliang Huang

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Guest Editor

Crop Physiology and Production Center (CPPC), College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
Interests: modern crop management; rice nutritution physiology; crop stress physiology

Dr. Yan Xu

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Guest Editor

Department of Biology, Ramapo College of New Jersey, Mahwah, NJ 07430, USA
Interests: plant growth under abiotic and biotic stress conditions; eco-friendly plant growth regulators/hormones; culinary and medicinal herbs
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The plant family Poaceae includes a large group of crops that are important economically as staple foods, animal feeds and sources of biofuel. Other species in the family are ecologically important in terms of sustaining native habitats and enriching landscapes.

Understanding the mechanisms of their survival and ability to thrive under changing environmental conditions is critical for maintaining agricultural productivity and conserving a sustainable ecosystem. In particular, the combination of biotechnology, bioinformatics and systems biology has provided innovative methodologies to investigate these crops under field conditions and in controlled environments.

This Special Issue will collect review and research articles advancing fundamental or applied knowledge and newly developed technologies related to the innovation and sustainability of Poaceae crops.

Prof. Dr. Jianliang Huang
Dr. Yan Xu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

poaceae crops
biotic and abiotic stress
phytohormones
genomics
crop modeling
agricultural sustainable management
sustainability

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 3477 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Responses of Yield and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Rice to Climate Resources under Different Crop Rotation Patterns and Planting Methods

by Hong Yang, Guangyi Chen, Ziyu Li, Wei Li, Yao Zhang, Congmei Li, Mingming Hu, Xingmei He, Qiuqiu Zhang, Conghua Zhu, Fahong Qing, Xianyu Wei, Tian Li, Xuyi Li and Yuyuan Ouyang

Plants 2024, 13(4), 526; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13040526 - 15 Feb 2024

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Abstract

Climate is the most important environmental factor influencing yield during rice growth and development. To investigate the relationships between climate and yield under different crop rotation patterns and planting methods, three typical rotation patterns (vegetable–rice (V), rape–rice (R), and wheat–rice (W)) and two mechanical planting methods (mechanical transplanting (T1) and mechanical direct seeding (T2)) were established. The results showed that compared to the V rotation pattern, the average daily temperature (ADT) during the sowing to heading stage increased under both R and W rotation patterns, which significantly shortened the growth period. Thus, the effective accumulated temperature (EAT), photosynthetic capacity, effective panicle (EP), and spikelet per panicle (SP) under R and W rotation patterns significantly decreased, leading to reductions in grain yield (GY). VT2 had a higher ratio of productive tillers (RPT), relative chlorophyll content (SPAD), leaf area index (LAI), and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) than those of VT1, which significantly increased panicle dry matter accumulation (DMA), resulting in an increase in GY. Although RT2 and WT2 had a higher RPT than those of RT1 and WT1, the GY of RT1 and WT1 decreased due to the significant reductions in EAT and photosynthetic capacity. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the comprehensive score for different rotation patterns followed the order of V > R > T with VT2 ranking first. The structural equation model (SEM) showed that EAT and ADT were the most important climate factors affecting yield, with total effects of 0.520 and −0.446, respectively. In conclusion, mechanical direct seeding under vegetable–rice rotation pattern and mechanical transplanting under rape–rice or wheat–rice rotation pattern were the rice-planting methods that optimized the climate resources in southwest China. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Agriculture and Crop Science: Innovation and Sustainability of Poaceae Crops)

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15 pages, 1543 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effects of Planting Density and Nitrogen Fertilization on the Growth of Forage Rice in Reclaimed and General Paddy Fields

by Yeongmi Jang, Khulan Sharavdorj, Youngjik Ahn and Jinwoong Cho

Plants 2024, 13(1), 13; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13010013 - 19 Dec 2023

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Abstract

The purpose of this study is to identify the different effects exerted by planting density and nitrogen fertilization on high-salinity reclaimed paddy fields (RPF) and general paddy fields (GPFs), and to find the amount of fertilization and the planting density suitable for the growth of forage rice in each paddy field. Nitrogen fertilization with high-salt and low-salt soils, an untreated control plot, treatment with 200 kg/ha, 300 kg/ha, and 400 kg/ha, and planting densities of 30 cm × 10 cm and 30 cm × 16 cm, growth, and feed values were investigated. In both experimental locations, there was no significant change in the soil due to N treatment, but in the case of RPF, electrical conductivity (EC) decreased significantly from more than 5 dS/m to up to 2.87 dS/m during the yellow ripe stage due to the influence of floods and concentrated precipitation in the fields. In all soils, as both the amount of N treatment and the planting density increased, there was a proportional relationship in which the number of tillers and the dry weight also increased, with the occurrence of lodging also being increased. The dry weight, as expected, was 1.5 times higher at a planting distance of 10 cm, rather than 16 cm. In addition, in both locations, the N treatment led to an increase in the dry weight, but when N treatment reached 400 kg/ha (2.0), the dry weight decreased instead. Moreover, although there was no clear difference in feed value according to N treatment, in RPF, the neutral detergent fiber (NDF) was higher than 60%, the relative feed value (RFV) was less than 98, and the total digestible nutrient (TDN) was also low, confirming that the quality of rice was higher in GPF. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Agriculture and Crop Science: Innovation and Sustainability of Poaceae Crops)

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22 pages, 4459 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Development of Methods for Remote Monitoring of Leaf Diseases in Wheat Agrocenoses

by Igor Sereda, Roman Danilov, Oksana Kremneva, Mikhail Zimin and Yuri Podushin

Plants 2023, 12(18), 3223; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12183223 - 10 Sep 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1319

Abstract

The development of remote methods for diagnosing the state of crops using spectral equipment for remote sensing of the Earth and original monitoring tools is the most promising solution to the problem of monitoring diseases of wheat agrocenoses. A research site was created on the experimental field of the Federal Research Center of Biological Plant Protection. Within the experimental field with a total area of 1 ha, test plots were allocated to create an artificial infectious background, and the corresponding control plots were treated with fungicides. The research methodology is based on the time synchronization of high-precision ground-based spectrometric measurements with satellite and unmanned remote surveys and the comparison of the obtained data with phytopathological field surveys. Our results show that the least-affected plants predominantly had lower reflectance values in the green, red, and red-edge spectral ranges and high values in the near-infrared range throughout the growing season. The most informative spectral ranges when using satellite images and multispectral cameras placed on UAVs are the red and IR ranges. At the same time, the high frequency of measurements is of key importance for determining the level of pathogenic background. We conclude that information acquisition density does not play as significant of a role as the repetition of measurements when carrying out ground-based spectrometry. The use of vegetation indices in assessing the dynamics of the spectral images of various survey systems allows us to bring them to similar values. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Agriculture and Crop Science: Innovation and Sustainability of Poaceae Crops)

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18 pages, 3152 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Post-Intensification Poaceae Cropping: Declining Soil, Unfilled Grain Potential, Time to Act

by Geoffrey R. Squire, Mark W. Young and Gillian Banks

Plants 2023, 12(14), 2742; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12142742 - 24 Jul 2023

Viewed by 797

Abstract

The status and sustainability of Poaceae crops, wheat and barley, were examined in an Atlantic zone climate. Intensification had caused yield to rise 3-fold over the last 50 years but had also degraded soil and biodiversity. Soil carbon and nitrogen were compared with current growth and yield of crops. The yield gap was estimated and options considered for raising yield. Organic carbon stores in the soil (C-soil) ranged from <2% in intensified systems growing long-season wheat to >4% in low-input, short-season barley and grass. Carbon acquisition by crops (C-crop) was driven mainly by length of season and nitrogen input. The highest C-crop was 8320 kg ha⁻¹ C in long-season wheat supported by >250 kg ha⁻¹ mineral N fertiliser and the lowest 1420 kg ha⁻¹ in short-season barley fertilised by livestock grazing. Sites were quantified in terms of the ratio C-crop to C-soil, the latter estimated as the mass of carbon in the upper 0.25 m of soil. C-crop/C-soil was <1% for barley in low-input systems, indicating the potential of the region for long-term carbon sequestration. In contrast, C-crop/C-soil was >10% in high-input wheat, indicating vulnerability of the soil to continued severe annual disturbance. The yield gap between the current average and the highest attainable yield was quantified in terms of the proportion of grain sink that was unfilled. Intensification had raised yield through a 3- to 4-fold increase in grain number per unit field area, but the potential grain sink was still much higher than the current average yield. Filling the yield gap may be possible but could only be achieved with a major rise in applied nitrogen. Sustainability in Poaceae cropping now faces conflicting demands: (a) conserving and regenerating soil carbon stores in high-input systems, (b) reducing GHG emissions and other pollution from N fertiliser, (c) maintaining the yield or closing the yield gap, and (d) readjusting production among food, feed, and alcohol markets. Current cropping systems are unlikely to satisfy these demands. Transitions are needed to alternative systems based on agroecological management and biological nitrogen fixation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Agriculture and Crop Science: Innovation and Sustainability of Poaceae Crops)

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