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Plants
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Molecular Responses to Abiotic Stresses and Signaling in Horticultural Plants
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Molecular Responses to Abiotic Stresses and Signaling in Horticultural Plants

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Horticultural Science and Ornamental Plants".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2023) | Viewed by 4646

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Tariq Pervaiz

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Agriculture, and Natural Resources, University of California, Riverside 92507, CA, USA
Interests: genetic engineering; gene regulation; gene expression and NGS (transcriptome, metabolomics, proteomics); plant tissue culture techniques

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Dramatic changes in the ecology of agricultural lands are projected to result from global impacts on desertification, soil salinization, atmospheric CO2 enrichment, nutritional imbalances (including mineral toxicities and deficiencies), and the effects of other contaminants. Plants experience a variety of environmental challenges; as a result, the growth and output of plants are seriously threatened by abiotic factors including heat, cold, drought, heavy metals, salt, oxygen, and nutrients. Plants have created physiological, metabolic, and molecular complex defense systems to combat or avert these pressures to survive. Plants have developed complex sensory systems to recognize external signals, enabling them to react to their surroundings in the best way possible. At all organizational levels, reactions to abiotic stressors take place. As a result, creating genetically modified plants by the insertion and/or overexpression of certain genes, such as the silencing of particular genes, appears to be an effective alternative to selecting for resistance in natural plants. Understanding the mechanisms underlying plant stress response and signaling can open new possibilities for stress-tolerant crop improvement.

Over the past few years, rapid advancements in model and non-model plant systems have considerably increased our understanding in different areas; however, there are still many knowledge gaps, particularly in the areas of early signaling events, translational and post-translational regulation of gene expression, and adaptation of growth, development, and physiology in response to stress. The current Special Issue is amiss to address the current challenges and molecular developments in horticultural crops. It’s an opportunity for young researchers to introduce their work and share it with others. We cordially invite researchers to submit review/research articles to submit. All articles are subjected to the standards of Plant Sciences.

Dr. Tariq Pervaiz
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • abiotic factors
  • plant signaling
  • nutritional imbalances
  • gene silencing
  • agricultural lands
  • horticultural plants
  • genetically modified plants
  • translational regulation

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 6603 KiB  
Article
Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the Trehalose-6-phosphate Synthase and Trehalose-6-phosphate Phosphatase Gene Families in Rose (Rosa hybrida cv ‘Carola’) under Different Light Conditions
by Yingdong Fan, Peng Gao, Tong Zhou, Siyu Pang, Jinzhu Zhang, Tao Yang, Wuhua Zhang, Jie Dong and Daidi Che
Plants 2024, 13(1), 114; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13010114 - 31 Dec 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 911
Abstract
Trehalose, trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS),and trehalose-6-phosphatase (TPP) have been reported to play important roles in plant abiotic stress and growth development. However, their functions in the flowering process of Rosa hybrida have not been characterized. In this study we found that, under a short [...] Read more.
Trehalose, trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS),and trehalose-6-phosphatase (TPP) have been reported to play important roles in plant abiotic stress and growth development. However, their functions in the flowering process of Rosa hybrida have not been characterized. In this study we found that, under a short photoperiod or weak light intensity, the content of trehalose in the shoot apical meristem of Rosa hybrida cv ‘Carola’ significantly decreased, leading to delayed flowering time. A total of nine RhTPSs and seven RhTPPs genes were identified in the genome. Cis-element analysis suggested that RhTPS and RhTPP genes were involved in plant hormones and environmental stress responses. Transcriptome data analysis reveals significant differences in the expression levels of RhTPSs and RhTPPs family genes in different tissues and indicates that RhTPPF and RhTPPJ are potential key genes involved in rose flower bud development under different light environments. The results of quantitative real-time reverse transcription (qRT-PCR) further indicate that under short photoperiod and weak light intensity all RhTPP members were significantly down-regulated. Additionally, RhTPS1a, RhTPS10, and RhTPS11 were up-regulated under a short photoperiod and showed a negative correlation with flowering time and trehalose content decrease. Under weak light intensity, RhTPS11 was up-regulated and negatively regulated flowering, while RhTPS5, RhTPS6, RhTPS7b, RhTPS9, and RhTPS10 were down-regulated and positively regulated flowering. This work lays the foundation for revealing the functions of RhTPS and RhTPP gene families in the regulation of rose trehalose. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Responses to Abiotic Stresses and Signaling in Horticultural Plants)
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17 pages, 5786 KiB  
Article
A Novel Non-Specific Lipid Transfer Protein Gene, CmnsLTP6.9, Enhanced Osmotic and Drought Tolerance by Regulating ROS Scavenging and Remodeling Lipid Profiles in Chinese Chestnut (Castanea mollissima Blume)
by Yuxiong Xiao, Cui Xiao, Xiujuan He, Xin Yang, Zhu Tong, Zeqiong Wang, Zhonghai Sun and Wenming Qiu
Plants 2023, 12(22), 3916; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12223916 - 20 Nov 2023
Viewed by 856
Abstract
Chestnut (Castanea mollissima Blume) is an important economic tree owing to its tasty fruit and adaptability to environmental stresses, especially drought. Currently, there is limited information about non-specific lipid transfer protein (nsLTP) genes that respond to abiotic stress in chestnuts. Here, a [...] Read more.
Chestnut (Castanea mollissima Blume) is an important economic tree owing to its tasty fruit and adaptability to environmental stresses, especially drought. Currently, there is limited information about non-specific lipid transfer protein (nsLTP) genes that respond to abiotic stress in chestnuts. Here, a chestnut nsLTP, named CmnsLTP6.9, was identified and analyzed. The results showed that the CmnsLTP6.9 protein localized in the extracellular matrix had two splicing variants (CmnsLTP6.9L and CmnsLTP6.9S). Compared with CmnsLTP6.9L, CmnsLTP6.9S had an 87 bp deletion in the 5′-terminal. Overexpression of CmnsLTP6.9L in Arabidopsis enhanced tolerance to osmotic and drought stress. Upon exposure to osmotic and drought treatment, CmnsLTP6.9L could increase reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging enzyme activity, alleviating ROS damage. However, CmnsLTP6.9S-overexpressing lines showed no significant differences in phenotype, ROS content, and related enzyme activities compared with the wild type (WT) under osmotic and drought treatment. Moreover, lipid metabolism analysis confirmed that, unlike CmnsLTP6.9S, CmnsLTP6.9L mainly altered and upregulated many fatty acyls and glycerophospholipids, which implied that CmnsLTP6.9L and CmnsLTP6.9S played different roles in lipid transference in the chestnut. Taken together, we analyzed the functions of CmnsLTP6.9L and CmnsLTP6.9S, and demonstrated that CmnsLTP6.9L enhanced drought and osmotic stress tolerance through ROS scavenging and lipid metabolism. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Responses to Abiotic Stresses and Signaling in Horticultural Plants)
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17 pages, 2826 KiB  
Article
Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the RADIALIS-like Gene Family in Camellia sinensis
by Shaoying Wang, Beibei Wen, Yun Yang, Shanshan Long, Jianjun Liu and Meifeng Li
Plants 2023, 12(17), 3039; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12173039 - 24 Aug 2023
Viewed by 1132
Abstract
The RADIALIS-like (RL) proteins are v-myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog (MYB)-related transcription factors (TFs), and are involved in many biological processes, including metabolism, development, and response to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the studies on the RL genes of Camellia sinensis are [...] Read more.
The RADIALIS-like (RL) proteins are v-myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog (MYB)-related transcription factors (TFs), and are involved in many biological processes, including metabolism, development, and response to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the studies on the RL genes of Camellia sinensis are not comprehensive enough. Therefore, we undertook this study and identified eight CsaRLs based on the typical conserved domain SANT Associated domain (SANT) of RL. These genes have low molecular weights and theoretical pI values ranging from 5.67 to 9.76. Gene structure analysis revealed that six CsaRL genes comprise two exons and one intron, while the other two contain a single exon encompassing motifs 1 and 2, and part of motif 3. The phylogenetic analysis divided one hundred and fifty-eight RL proteins into five primary classes, in which CsaRLs clustered in Group V and were homologous with CssRLs of the Shuchazao variety. In addition, we selected different tissue parts to analyze the expression profile of CsaRLs, and the results show that almost all genes displayed variable expression levels across tissues, with CsaRL1a relatively abundant in all tissues. qRT-PCR (real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR) was used to detect the relative expression levels of the CsaRL genes under various abiotic stimuli, and it was found that CsaRL1a expression levels were substantially higher than other genes, with abscisic acid (ABA) causing the highest expression. The self-activation assay with yeast two-hybrid system showed that CsaRL1a has no transcriptional activity. According to protein functional interaction networks, CsaRL1a was well connected with WIN1-like, lysine histidine transporter-1-like, β-amylase 3 chloroplastic-like, carbonic anhydrase-2-like (CA2), and carbonic anhydrase dnaJC76 (DJC76). This study adds to our understanding of the RL family and lays the groundwork for further research into the function and regulatory mechanisms of the CsaRLs gene family in Camellia sinensis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Responses to Abiotic Stresses and Signaling in Horticultural Plants)
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24 pages, 12829 KiB  
Article
Evidence That PbrSAUR72 Contributes to Iron Deficiency Tolerance in Pears by Facilitating Iron Absorption
by Guoling Guo, Tao Yu, Haiyan Zhang, Meng Chen, Weiyu Dong, Shuqin Zhang, Xiaomei Tang, Lun Liu, Wei Heng, Liwu Zhu and Bing Jia
Plants 2023, 12(11), 2173; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12112173 - 30 May 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1279
Abstract
Iron is an essential trace element for plants; however, low bioactive Fe in soil continuously places plants in an Fe-deficient environment, triggering oxidative damage. To cope with this, plants make a series of alterations to increase Fe acquisition; however, this regulatory network needs [...] Read more.
Iron is an essential trace element for plants; however, low bioactive Fe in soil continuously places plants in an Fe-deficient environment, triggering oxidative damage. To cope with this, plants make a series of alterations to increase Fe acquisition; however, this regulatory network needs further investigation. In this study, we found notably decreased indoleacetic acid (IAA) content in chlorotic pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.) leaves caused by Fe deficiency. Furthermore, IAA treatment slightly induced regreening by increasing chlorophyll synthesis and Fe2+ accumulation. At that point, we identified PbrSAUR72 as a key negative effector output of auxin signaling and established its close relationship to Fe deficiency. Furthermore, the transient PbrSAUR72 overexpression could form regreening spots with increased IAA and Fe2+ content in chlorotic pear leaves, whereas its transient silencing does the opposite in normal pear leaves. In addition, cytoplasm-localized PbrSAUR72 exhibits root expression preferences and displays high homology to AtSAUR40/72. This promotes salt tolerance in plants, indicating a putative role for PbrSAUR72 in abiotic stress responses. Indeed, transgenic plants of Solanum lycopersicum and Arabidopsis thaliana overexpressing PbrSAUR72 displayed less sensitivity to Fe deficiency, accompanied by substantially elevated expression of Fe-induced genes, such as FER/FIT, HA, and bHLH39/100. These result in higher ferric chelate reductase and root pH acidification activities, thereby hastening Fe absorption in transgenic plants under an Fe-deficient condition. Moreover, the ectopic overexpression of PbrSAUR72 inhibited reactive oxygen species production in response to Fe deficiency. These findings contribute to a new understanding of PbrSAURs and its involvement in Fe deficiency, providing new insights for the further study of the regulatory mechanisms underlying the Fe deficiency response. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Responses to Abiotic Stresses and Signaling in Horticultural Plants)
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