Special Issue "Antidiabetic Drugs"

Guest Editor
Prof. Dr. Kailash Prasad
Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
E-Mail:
Interests: Oxygen radicals, antioxidants, heart failure, atherosclerosis, diabetes, flaxseed and its components, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, acute coronary syndrome, advanced glycation end products, soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products, C-reactive protein, homocysteine, cytokines, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase

Submission

All manuscripts should be submitted to pharmaceuticals@mdpi.org with a copy to the Guest Editor. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. Papers will be published continuously (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are refereed through a peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Pharmaceuticals is an international peer-reviewed Open Access monthly journal published by MDPI.

• insulin
• exenatide
• pramlintide
• sulfonylurea
• meglitinides
• biguanides
• thiazolidinediones
• glucagon-like peptide (GLP) analogs and agonists
• DPP-4 inhibitors
• amylin analogues
• gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP) analogs

Title: Pharmacogenetics of Anti-Diabetes Drugs
Authors: Johanna K. DiStefano ¹ and Richard M. Watanabe ²
Affiliation: ¹ Diabetes, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, 445 N. 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; E-Mail: jdistefano@tgen.org
² Preventive Medicine (Division of Biostatistics) and Physiology & Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Avenue KAM-B16, Los Angeles, California, USA
Abstract: A variety of treatment modalities exist for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In addition to dietary and physical activity interventions, T2DM is also treated pharmacologically with ten major classes of approved drugs. These medications include insulin and its analogues, sulfonylureas, biguanides, thiazolidinediones (TZDs), meglitinides, a-glucosidase inhibitors, amylin analogues, incretin hormone mimetics, and DPP4 inhibitors. Pharmacological treatment strategies for T2DM are typically based on efficacy, yet favorable responses to such therapeutics are oftentimes variable and difficult to predict. Characterization of drug response is expected to substantially enhance our ability to provide patients with the most effective treatment strategy given their individual background, yet pharmacogenetic studies of diabetes medications is still in its infancy. To date, major pharmacogenetic studies have focused on response to sulfonylureas, TZDs, and biguanides. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of pharmacogenetics investigations of these specific anti-diabetes medications. We focus not only on the results of these studies, but also how experimental design, study sample issues, and definition of ‘response’ can significantly impact our interpretation of findings. Understanding the pharmacogenetics of anti-diabetes medications will provide critical baseline information for the development and implementation of genetic screening into therapeutic decision making, and lay the foundation for “individualized medicine” for patients with T2DM.