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Nanomaterials
Special Issues
Materials and Components for Electrochemical Storage Devices
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Materials and Components for Electrochemical Storage Devices

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2019) | Viewed by 13309

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Alessandra Di Blasi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute for Advanced Energy Technologies Nicola Giordano, 98126 Messina, Italy
Interests: redox flow battery; sodium-ion; post-lithium ion battery

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, electrochemical storage technologies have played a crucial role, both for e-mobility and grid applications, improving electricity service quality and security, due to growing renewable energy sources and their integration into the electricity grid. This research is currently addressing materials and their processing in order to improve performance at the battery cell and battery system design levels. Innovative and low-cost materials and components are required for optimizing more mature technologies, such as lead–acid and lithium-ion batteries and for enhancing the most promising post-lithium batteries, such as sodium-ion, redox flow, metal–air, etc. Research has to address the synthesis and development of cost-effective materials that are able to improve power density, cyclability, round-trip efficiency, etc. The aim is to move towards more efficient and eco-friendly systems. Technical papers dealing with recent results and advances in the field of electrochemical storage devices, featured papers, and review articles providing an analysis of the state-of-the-art and future perspectives of these technologies are warmly invited.

Dr. Alessandra Di Blasi
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nanomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Redox flow battery
  • Metal-air battery
  • Sodium-ion battery
  • Nanomaterials
  • Electrodes
  • Electrolyte
  • Charge/discharge cycles
  • Cell and stack technology
  • Numerical modelling and simulation
  • life cycle assessment

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 3166 KiB  
Article
Transition Metal (Fe, Co, Ni) Nanoparticles on Selective Amino-N-Doped Carbon as High-Performance Oxygen Reduction Reaction Electrocatalyst
by Seonghee Kim, Shuhei Kato, Takahiro Ishizaki, Oi Lun Li and Jun Kang
Nanomaterials 2019, 9(5), 742; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9050742 - 14 May 2019
Cited by 27 | Viewed by 4042
Abstract
Metal-air batteries are attracting increasing attention as a superior renewable energy conversion device due to their high performance and strong potential. However, the high cost and low stability of the current Pt catalyst is the main obstacle preventing wide industrial application. In this [...] Read more.
Metal-air batteries are attracting increasing attention as a superior renewable energy conversion device due to their high performance and strong potential. However, the high cost and low stability of the current Pt catalyst is the main obstacle preventing wide industrial application. In this work, we applied a plasma process to fabricate aniline and a transition metals electrode (Fe, Co, Ni) as the carbon-nitrogen and the metal nanoparticle (NP) precursors, respectively, for selective metal/amino-N-doped carbon catalysts. All three as-synthesized catalysts exhibited dominant amino-N as the major C–N bonding state. In electrochemical testing, Co/amino-N-doped carbon showed positive E1/2 potential (0.83 V vs. Reversible Hydrogen Electrode (RHE)). In addition, the calculated electron transfer number (n) of Co/amino-N-doped carbon at 0.5 V vs. RHE was 3.81, which was only slightly less than that of commercial Pt/C (3.97). This superior performance of transition metal/amino-N-doped carbon promotes it as an economical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalyst to replace expensive Pt/C in metal-air batteries. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials and Components for Electrochemical Storage Devices)
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10 pages, 2469 KiB  
Communication
The Effect of an External Magnetic Field on the Electrochemical Capacitance of Nanoporous Nickel for Energy Storage
by Haixia Zhang, Zhifei Han and Qibo Deng
Nanomaterials 2019, 9(5), 694; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9050694 - 4 May 2019
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 2941
Abstract
This work investigates the effect of a magnetic field on the electrochemical performance of nanoporous nickel (np-Ni). We first compare the electrochemical capacitance of np-Ni electrodes, which were prepared using the chemical dealloying strategy under different magnetic flux densities (B = 0, 500 [...] Read more.
This work investigates the effect of a magnetic field on the electrochemical performance of nanoporous nickel (np-Ni). We first compare the electrochemical capacitance of np-Ni electrodes, which were prepared using the chemical dealloying strategy under different magnetic flux densities (B = 0, 500 mT). Our experimental data show that np-Ni500 prepared under an external magnetic field of 500 mT exhibits a much better electrochemical performance, in comparison with that (np-Ni0) prepared without applying a magnetic field. Furthermore, the specific capacitance of the np-Ni0 electrode could be further enhanced when we increase the magnetic flux densities from 0 T to 500 mT, whereas the np-Ni500 electrode exhibits a stable electrochemical performance under different magnetic flux densities (B = 0 mT, 300 mT, 500 mT). This could be attributed to the change in the electrochemical impedance of the np-Ni0 electrode induced by an external magnetic field. Our work thus offers an alternative method to enhance the electrochemical energy storage of materials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials and Components for Electrochemical Storage Devices)
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8 pages, 961 KiB  
Communication
Hybrid CoO Nanowires Coated with Uniform Polypyrrole Nanolayers for High-Performance Energy Storage Devices
by Chunhai Yang, Hao Chen and Cao Guan
Nanomaterials 2019, 9(4), 586; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9040586 - 9 Apr 2019
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 2818
Abstract
Transition metal oxides with high theoretic capacities are promising materials as battery-type electrodes for hybrid supercapacitors, but their practical applications are limited by their poor electric conductivity and unsatisfied rate capability. In this work, a hybrid structure of CoO nanowires coated with conformal [...] Read more.
Transition metal oxides with high theoretic capacities are promising materials as battery-type electrodes for hybrid supercapacitors, but their practical applications are limited by their poor electric conductivity and unsatisfied rate capability. In this work, a hybrid structure of CoO nanowires coated with conformal polypyrrole (Ppy) nanolayer is proposed, designed and fabricated on a flexible carbon substrate through a facile two-step method. In the first step, porous CoO nanowires are fabricated on flexible carbon substrate through a hydrothermal procedure combined with an annealing process. In the second step, a uniform nanolayer of Ppy is further coated on the surfaces of the CoO nanowires, resulting in a hybrid core-shell CoO@Ppy nanoarrays. The CoO@Ppy aligned on carbon support can be directly utilized as electrode material for hybrid supercapacitors. Since the conductive Ppy coating layer provides enhanced electric conductivity, the hybrid electrode demonstrates much higher capacity and superior rate capability than pure CoO nanowires. As a further demonstration, Ppy layer can also be realized on SnO2 nanowires. Such facile conductive-layer coating method can be also applied to other types of conducting polymers (as the shell) and metal oxide materials (as the core) for various energy-related applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials and Components for Electrochemical Storage Devices)
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14 pages, 10729 KiB  
Article
Agar Hydrogel Template Synthesis of Mn3O4 Nanoparticles through an Ion Diffusion Method Controlled by Ion Exchange Membrane and Electrochemical Performance
by Qian Xue and Qiang Zhang
Nanomaterials 2019, 9(4), 503; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9040503 - 1 Apr 2019
Cited by 21 | Viewed by 3171
Abstract
A novel strategy, ion diffusion method controlled by ion exchange membrane combining with agar hydrogel template, was reported for the synthesis of Mn3O4 nanoparticles without any oxidizing agents. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray [...] Read more.
A novel strategy, ion diffusion method controlled by ion exchange membrane combining with agar hydrogel template, was reported for the synthesis of Mn3O4 nanoparticles without any oxidizing agents. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Brunauere-Emmette-Teller (BET) isotherm were carried out to characterize the structure, morphology, pore size and distribution and specific surface area of the as-prepared nanomaterials. It is shown that the morphology and size of Mn3O4 nanoparticles can be controlled by the concentration of agar hydrogel. All the specific capacitances of the Mn3O4 samples prepared with agar hydrogel template are much higher than that of Mn3O4 prepared without any template agent. The Mn3O4 sample prepared at 1.5 g L−1 of agar hydrogel solution exhibits a highest specific capacitance of 183.0 F g−1 at the current density of 0.5 A g−1, which is increased by 293% compared with that of Mn3O4 synthesized without any template agent. The results indicate that the ion diffusion method controlled by ion exchange membrane combining with agar hydrogel template is a convenient and effective approach for preparing inorganic nanomaterials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials and Components for Electrochemical Storage Devices)
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