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Smart Composite and Sandwich Structures: From Modeling and Design to Control and Applications

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A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Smart Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 June 2022) | Viewed by 8318

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Prof. Dr. Ramin Sedaghati

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Department of Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H3G 1M8, Canada
Interests: smart materials; adaptive structures; magnetorheological fluids (MRFs) and magnetorheological elastomers; MRE- and MRF-based structures and systems; adaptive vibration absorbers and isolators; smart composite and sandwich structures
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Prof. Dr. Xianxu ‘Frank’ Bai

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Laboratory for Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems (LASIS), Department of Vehicle Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
Interests: magnetorheological actuators; pseudo-active actuators; hysteresis modeling; shock and vibration control; vehicle system dynamics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Smart materials can be effectively utilized to design lightweight load-bearing smart composite and sandwich structures for a wide range of applications ranging from noise and vibration control to mechanical power transmission and structural health monitoring. This Special Issue on “Smart Composite and Sandwich Structures: From Modeling and Design to Control and Applications” invites original contributions to address the recent progress and developments in this emerging technology. The Special Issue particularly welcomes full papers and state-of-the-reviews on the development and characterization of novel smart composite materials; the utilization of smart materials (such as piezoelectric materials, shape memory alloys, electrorheological (ER) and magnetorheological (MR) materials, magnetostrictive, etc.) to develop novel smart composite and sandwich structures; modeling and design optimization of smart composite and sandwich structures; experimental characterization and development of control strategies; and application of smart composite and sandwich structures in noise and vibration control, mechanical power transmission, and structural health monitoring.

Prof. Ramin Sedaghati
Dr. Xian-Xu ‘Frank’ Bai
Guest Editors

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Keywords

smart composite materials
smart sandwich structures
smart composite structures
vibration and noise control
mechanical power transmission
structural health monitoring

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 4717 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Sound Insulation Performance of Composite Double Sandwich Panels with Periodic Arrays of Shunted Piezoelectric Patches

by Shande Li, Di Xu, Xiaoxun Wu, Renjie Jiang, Geman Shi and Zhifu Zhang

Materials 2022, 15(2), 490; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15020490 - 10 Jan 2022

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1364

Abstract

The existing sandwich structure of the aircraft cabin demonstrates a good sound insulation effect in medium and high frequency bands, but poor in the low frequency band. Therefore, we propose an infinite new lightweight broadband noise control structure and study its sound transmission loss (STL). The structure is an orthogonally rib-stiffened honeycomb double sandwich structure with periodic arrays of shunted piezoelectric patches, and demonstrates lighter mass and better strength than the existing sandwich structure. The structure is equivalent according to Hoff’s equal stiffness theory and the effective medium (EM) method. Using the virtual work principle for a periodic element, two infinite sets of coupled equations are obtained. They are solved by truncating them in a finite range until the solution converges. The correctness and validity of the model are verified by using simulation results and theoretical predictions. Eventually, a further study is performed on the factors influencing the STL. All the results demonstrate that the STL in low-frequency can be improved by the structure, and the sound insulation bandwidth is significantly broadened by adding shunted piezoelectric patches. The structure can provide a new idea for the design of broadband sound insulation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Composite and Sandwich Structures: From Modeling and Design to Control and Applications)

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14 pages, 4069 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Declining Performance of Silicone-Based Magnetorheological Elastomers after Accelerated Weathering

by Wibowo Wibowo, Bhre Wangsa Lenggana, Ubaidillah Ubaidillah, Dody Ariawan, Fitrian Imaduddin, Saiful Amri Mazlan and Seung-Bok Choi

Materials 2021, 14(21), 6389; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14216389 - 25 Oct 2021

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1641

Abstract

Magnetorheological elastomers (MRE)-based products are usually located in an area directly exposed to sunlight and rain. However, there is no specific research on the behavior of MRE after accelerated weathering. Therefore, in this study, the changes to the chemical and rheological properties of both isotropic and anisotropic MRE after accelerated weathering were examined. Treated and untreated specimens were compared. MRE specimens with 40% by weight CIP were prepared with no current excitation and another sample was prepared with 1.5 T of magnetic flux density. Each specimen was treated in an accelerated weathering machine, Q-Sun Xe-1 Xenon Test Chamber, under a UV light exposure cycle and water spray. A material characterization was carried out using FTIR and a rheometer to determine the changes to the chemical and rheological properties. The morphological analysis results showed that after the weather treatment, the surface was rough and more cavities occurred. The rheometer test results showed a significant decrease in the storage modulus of each treated MRE specimen, unlike the untreated MRE specimens. The decrease in the storage modulus value with currents of 0, 1, 2, and 3 Amperes was 66.67%, 78.9%, 85.2%, and 80.5%, respectively. Meanwhile, FTIR testing showed a change in the wave peak between the untreated and treated MRE specimens. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) also showed a decrease in MRE weight for each specimen. However, for both treated and untreated MRE specimens, the decrease in TGA was not significantly different. In all the tests carried out on the MRE samples, weather acceleration treatment caused significant changes. This is an important consideration for developers who choose silicone as the MRE matrix. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Composite and Sandwich Structures: From Modeling and Design to Control and Applications)

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24 pages, 9727 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Asymmetric Hysteresis Modeling Approach Featuring “Inertial System + Shape Function” for Magnetostrictive Actuators

by Zhi-Yuan Si, Xian-Xu ‘Frank’ Bai and Li-Jun Qian

Materials 2020, 13(11), 2585; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13112585 - 05 Jun 2020

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1699

Abstract

Hysteresis of the actuators based on magnetostrictive materials influences the control performance of the application systems. It is of importance and significance to establish an effective hysteresis model for the magnetostrictive actuators for precision engineering. In this paper, based on the analysis of the Duhem model, a first-order inertial system with hysteresis characteristic under harmonic input is used to describe the hysteresis caused by the inertia of the magnetic domains of magnetostrictive materials. Shape function is employed to describe the pinning of domain walls, the interactions of different magnetic domains of magnetostrictive materials, and the saturation properties of the hysteresis. Specifically, under an architecture of “inertial system + shape function” (ISSF-Duhem model), firstly a new hysteresis model is proposed for magnetostrictive actuators. The formulation of the inertial system is constructed based on its general expression, which is capable of describing the hysteresis characteristics of magnetostrictive actuators. Then, the developed models with a Grompertz function-based shape function, a modified hyperbolic tangent function-based shape function employing an exponential function as an offset function, a one-sided dead-zone operator-based shape function are compared with each other, and further compared with the classic modified Prandtl–Ishlinskii model with a one-sided dead-zone operator. Sequentially, feasibility and capability of the proposed hysteresis model are verified and evaluated by describing and predicting the hysteresis characteristics of a commercial magnetostrictive actuator. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Composite and Sandwich Structures: From Modeling and Design to Control and Applications)

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22 pages, 9085 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Multidisciplinary Design Optimization of a Novel Sandwich Beam-Based Adaptive Tuned Vibration Absorber Featuring Magnetorheological Elastomer

by Mostafa Asadi Khanouki, Ramin Sedaghati and Masoud Hemmatian

Materials 2020, 13(10), 2261; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13102261 - 14 May 2020

Cited by 18 | Viewed by 2782

Abstract

The present study aims to investigate the dynamic performance and design optimization of a novel magnetorheological elastomer based adaptive tuned vibration absorber (MRE-ATVA). The proposed MRE-ATVA consists of a light-weight sandwich beam treated with an MRE core layer and two electromagnets installed at both free ends. Three different design configurations for electromagnets are proposed. The finite element (FE) model of the proposed MRE-ATVA and magnetic model of the electromagnets are developed and combined to evaluate the frequency range of the absorber under varying magnetic field intensity. The results of the developed model are validated in multiple stages with available analytical and simulation data. A multidisciplinary design optimization strategy has been formulated to maximize the frequency range of the proposed MRE-based ATVA while respecting constraints of weight, size, mechanical stress, and sandwich beam deflection. The optimal solution is obtained and compared for the three proposed ATVA configurations. The optimal ATVA with a U-shaped electromagnet shows more than 40% increase in the natural frequency while having a total mass of 596 g. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Composite and Sandwich Structures: From Modeling and Design to Control and Applications)

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