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Life
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Spectroscopy in Biology and Medicine
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Spectroscopy in Biology and Medicine

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Research".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (29 April 2022) | Viewed by 3860

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Aikaterini Pistiki

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology Jena (a member of Leibniz Health Technologies), Albert Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
Interests: spectroscopy; microbiology, immunology, clinical laboratory, Raman, medical applications

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Spectroscopic methods are rapidly developing and have been successfully applied in different fields of biology and medicine. Spectroscopic techniques, such as mass, Raman, and infrared spectroscopy, and SERS and CARS, enable the analysis of the chemical composition of biological samples, which can derive from different sources, ranging from environmental to clinical origin. In addition, these techniques, as well as biosensors, have been combined with other methods using specific labels and label-free approaches that have been applied in different fields. This Special Issue will provide insight into the ongoing research and novel applications of spectroscopic techniques in the analysis of biological samples.

Dr. Aikaterini Pistiki
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Life is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

diagnostics; spectroscopy; medical applications; Raman; IR-spectroscopy; Mass spectroscopy; FTIR

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 2555 KiB  
Article
Confocal Raman Micro-Spectroscopy for Discrimination of Glycerol Diffusivity in Ex Vivo Porcine Dura Mater
by Ali Jaafar, Maxim E. Darvin, Valery V. Tuchin and Miklós Veres
Life 2022, 12(10), 1534; https://doi.org/10.3390/life12101534 - 1 Oct 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1568
Abstract
Dura mater (DM) is a connective tissue with dense collagen, which is a protective membrane surrounding the human brain. The optical clearing (OC) method was used to make DM more transparent, thereby allowing to increase in-depth investigation by confocal Raman micro-spectroscopy and estimate [...] Read more.
Dura mater (DM) is a connective tissue with dense collagen, which is a protective membrane surrounding the human brain. The optical clearing (OC) method was used to make DM more transparent, thereby allowing to increase in-depth investigation by confocal Raman micro-spectroscopy and estimate the diffusivity of 50% glycerol and water migration. Glycerol concentration was obtained, and the diffusion coefficient was calculated, which ranged from 9.6 × 10−6 to 3.0 × 10−5 cm2/s. Collagen-related Raman band intensities were significantly increased for all depths from 50 to 200 µm after treatment. In addition, the changes in water content during OC showed that 50% glycerol induces tissue dehydration. Weakly and strongly bound water types were found to be most concentrated, playing a major role in the glycerol-induced water flux and OC. Results show that OC is an efficient method for controlling the DM optical properties, thereby enhancing the in-depth probing for laser therapy and diagnostics of the brain. DM is a comparable to various collagen-containing tissues and organs, such as sclera of eyes and skin dermis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Spectroscopy in Biology and Medicine)
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12 pages, 2789 KiB  
Article
Chromatographic Fractionation of Penicillium polonicum Fermentation Metabolites in Search of the Nephrotoxin(s) for Rats
by Ana Miljkovic and Peter Mantle
Life 2022, 12(5), 747; https://doi.org/10.3390/life12050747 - 18 May 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1705
Abstract
Complex renal histopathological changes in rats, in silent response to dietary contamination with wheat moulded by a common Penicillium from the Balkans, have long eluded attribution of a causal toxin. So far, water-soluble amphoteric glyco-peptides seem responsible, at least for the nuclear pyknoses [...] Read more.
Complex renal histopathological changes in rats, in silent response to dietary contamination with wheat moulded by a common Penicillium from the Balkans, have long eluded attribution of a causal toxin. So far, water-soluble amphoteric glyco-peptides seem responsible, at least for the nuclear pyknoses in nephron epithelia after several days of dietary exposure. Recently, refined histology analysis has diagnosed pyknosis as apoptosis, and followed the finding through application of medium-pressure liquid chromatography, anion exchange and silica layer chromatography to fractionate a water/alcohol-soluble extract of a fungal fermentation on wheat. Proline was revealed, with other amino acids, in acid hydrolysate of the fermentation extract. Application of mass spectrometry has recognized prominent ions (m/z 550 and 564) correlated with fragmentations consistent with a terminal proline moiety for the putative toxins, coupled with other structural fragments and correlated with apoptosis. Use of 14C-proline in probing Penicillium polonicum fermentation to aid isolation of the new potential toxins, along with application of gel electrophoresis, may further aid characterization of the apoptosis toxin(s). The present focus on proline peptides in mycotoxicosis fits easily with their increasingly recognised pharmacological activity associated with proline’s rigid secondary amine structure, which causes conformational contortion in peptides. Nevertheless, there remains the striking rat renal karyocytomegaly by P. polonicum, for which there is yet no causative mycotoxin. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Spectroscopy in Biology and Medicine)
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