Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing

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17 pages, 7588 KiB

Open AccessEditor’s ChoiceArticle

Mechanical Properties and Fatigue Performance of 17-4 PH Stainless Steel Manufactured by Atomic Diffusion Additive Manufacturing Technology

by Jon Rodriguez, Aitor Zuriarrain, Aitor Madariaga, Pedro J. Arrazola, Erika Dominguez, Itziar Fraile and Daniel Soler

J. Manuf. Mater. Process. 2023, 7(5), 172; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmmp7050172 - 26 Sep 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2114

Abstract

Additive Manufacturing (AM) is gaining importance as an alternative and complementary technology to conventional manufacturing processes. Among AM technologies, the Atomic Diffusion Additive Manufacturing (ADAM) technology is a novel extrusion-based process involving metallic filaments. In this work, the widely used 17-4 PH stainless [...] Read more.

Additive Manufacturing (AM) is gaining importance as an alternative and complementary technology to conventional manufacturing processes. Among AM technologies, the Atomic Diffusion Additive Manufacturing (ADAM) technology is a novel extrusion-based process involving metallic filaments. In this work, the widely used 17-4 PH stainless steel filament was selected to study the effect of different deposition strategies of ADAM technology on mechanical properties. The printed parts had mechanical properties comparable to those obtained by other more developed AM technologies. In the case of tensile and fatigue tests, obtained values were in general greatly affected by deposition strategy, achieving better results in horizontal built orientation specimens. Interestingly, the effect was also considered of machining post-process (turning), which in the case of the tensile test had no remarkable effect, while in fatigue tests it led to an improvement in fatigue life of two to four times in the tested range of stresses. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Manufacturing Technologies for High-Strength Steels)

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14 pages, 4347 KiB

Open AccessArticle

On Welding of High-Strength Steels Using Laser Beam Welding and Resistance Spot Weld Bonding with Emphasis on Seam Leak Tightness

by Tobias Schmolke, Christian Brunner-Schwer, Max Biegler, Michael Rethmeier and Gerson Meschut

J. Manuf. Mater. Process. 2023, 7(3), 116; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmmp7030116 - 19 Jun 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1553

Abstract

The design of most electric vehicles provides for the positioning of the heavy energy storage units in the underbody of the cars. In addition to crash safety, the battery housing has to meet high requirements for gas tightness. In order to test the [...] Read more.

The design of most electric vehicles provides for the positioning of the heavy energy storage units in the underbody of the cars. In addition to crash safety, the battery housing has to meet high requirements for gas tightness. In order to test the use of high-strength steels for this sub-assembly, this paper examines welded joints utilizing resistance spot weld bonding and laser remote welding, with special regard to the gas tightness of the welds. For this purpose, the pressure difference test and helium sniffer leak detection are presented and applied. The combination of both leak test methods has proven ideal in experimental investigations. For laser remote welding, gas-tight seams can be achieved with an inter-sheet gap of 0.1 mm, even if occasionally leaking samples cannot be prevented. Resistance spot welding suits gas-tight joining with both one- and two-component adhesives. Against the background of leak tightness, process fluctuations that lead to weld spatter and defects in the adhesive layer must be prevented with high priority. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Manufacturing Technologies for High-Strength Steels)

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Review

Jump to: Research

12 pages, 2302 KiB

Open AccessReview

A Review of the Mechanical Properties of 17-4PH Stainless Steel Produced by Bound Powder Extrusion

by Jaidyn Jones, Ana Vafadar and Reza Hashemi

J. Manuf. Mater. Process. 2023, 7(5), 162; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmmp7050162 - 8 Sep 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3239

Abstract

17-4PH Stainless Steel is a mechanically high-performing alloy that is widely used across chemical and mechanical processing industries. The alloy is conventionally fabricated by cast methods, but emerging additive manufacturing techniques are presently offering an economic, efficient, and environmentally friendly alternative. Bound Powder [...] Read more.

17-4PH Stainless Steel is a mechanically high-performing alloy that is widely used across chemical and mechanical processing industries. The alloy is conventionally fabricated by cast methods, but emerging additive manufacturing techniques are presently offering an economic, efficient, and environmentally friendly alternative. Bound Powder Extrusion (BPE) is a relatively new additive manufacturing technique that is used to fabricate three-dimensional, free-form components. Investigation into the mechanical properties and behavior of 17-4PH stainless steel fabricated by BPE is vital to understanding whether this technique proposes a competitive substitute to the cast alloy within industry. Published literature has investigated the as-fabricated mechanical properties, microstructure, porosity, and post-processing heat treatment of the BPE alloy, with limited comparison evident among the papers. This paper, therefore, aims to review published findings on the mechanical properties of 17-4PH stainless steel produced by additive manufacturing techniques, with a key focus on BPE. It is important to highlight that this review study focuses on the MetalX^TM 3D printer, manufactured by Markforged. This printer is among the widely utilized BPE 3D printers available in the market. The key results, together with the impact of post-heat treatments, were discussed and compared to provide a more comprehensive picture of the patterns that this alloy presents in terms of its microstructure and mechanical properties. This enables the manufacture of components relative to desired material performance, improving overall functionality. A comparison of yield strength, ultimate tensile strength (UTS), Young’s modulus, ductility, and hardness was made relative to microstructure, porosity, and density of published literature for the as-fabricated and post-heat-treated states, identifying areas for further research. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Manufacturing Technologies for High-Strength Steels)

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