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Abiotic Stress in Plants: Molecular Genetics and Genomics
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Abiotic Stress in Plants: Molecular Genetics and Genomics

A special issue of Genes (ISSN 2073-4425). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Genetics and Genomics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 June 2024 | Viewed by 3111

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Fei Gao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
Interests: resource plant molecular biology; plant stress tolerance mechanisms; plant non-coding RNAs

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Environmental stresses such as drought and low temperatures can have serious adverse effects on plant growth and development and crop yield. Global warming and climate change will further exacerbate the negative impact of adverse environments on plants, highlighting the necessity and importance of molecular mechanisms for plant abiotic stress response and tolerance. With the increasing maturity of high-throughput DNA sequencing technology and the development of various genetic modification methods, including CRISPR-Cas9, more and more molecular genetics and genomics technologies are being applied to the field of plant abiotic stress research, improving our understanding of the response mechanisms of various non-model plants to environmental stress.

The purpose of this Special Issue is to deeply analyze the response and adaptation mechanisms of plants to environmental stress by applying multiple types of omics methods, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, individually or in combination. The combination of bioinformatics and experimental validation is encouraged to analyze the abiotic stress response of plants.

Prof. Dr. Fei Gao
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Genes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • abiotic stress
  • horticulture
  • gene family
  • transcriptomics
  • omics
  • medicinal plants

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 3509 KiB  
Article
Overexpression of NtGPX8a Improved Cadmium Accumulation and Tolerance in Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)
by Xiang Peng, Tengfei Ma, Kejin Song, Xue Ji, Lien Xiang, Nan Chen, Ronglei Zu, Wenyi Xu, Shunqin Zhu and Wanhong Liu
Genes 2024, 15(3), 366; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes15030366 - 15 Mar 2024
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Abstract
Cadmium (Cd)-induced oxidative stress detrimentally affects hyperaccumulator growth, thereby diminishing the efficacy of phytoremediation technology aimed at Cd pollution abatement. In the domain of plant antioxidant mechanisms, the role of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in conferring Cd tolerance to tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) [...] Read more.
Cadmium (Cd)-induced oxidative stress detrimentally affects hyperaccumulator growth, thereby diminishing the efficacy of phytoremediation technology aimed at Cd pollution abatement. In the domain of plant antioxidant mechanisms, the role of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in conferring Cd tolerance to tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) remained unclear. Our investigation employed genome-wide analysis to identify 14 NtGPX genes in tobacco, revealing their organization into seven subgroups characterized by analogous conserved domain patterns. Notably, qPCR analysis highlighted NtGPX8a as markedly responsive to Cd2+ stress. Subsequent exploration through yeast two-hybridization unveiled NtGPX8a’s utilization of thioredoxins AtTrxZ and AtTrxm2 as electron donors, and without interaction with AtTrx5. Introduction of NtGPX8a into Escherichia coli significantly ameliorated Cd-induced adverse effects on bacterial growth. Transgenic tobacco overexpressing NtGPX8a demonstrated significantly augmented activities of GPX, SOD, POD, and CAT under Cd2+ stress compared to the wild type (WT). Conversely, these transgenic plants exhibited markedly reduced levels of MDA, H2O2, and proline. Intriguingly, the expression of NtGPX8a in both E. coli and transgenic tobacco led to increased Cd accumulation, confirming its dual role in enhancing Cd tolerance and accumulation. Consequently, NtGPX8a emerges as a promising candidate gene for engineering transgenic hyperaccumulators endowed with robust tolerance for Cd-contaminated phytoremediation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Abiotic Stress in Plants: Molecular Genetics and Genomics)
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16 pages, 3812 KiB  
Article
Genome-Wide Identification of Vascular Plant One-Zinc-Finger Gene Family in Six Cucurbitaceae Species and the Role of CmoVOZ2 in Salt and Drought Stress Tolerance
by Minyan Xu, Zhi Zhang, Yuhuan Jiao, Yaling Tu and Xin Zhang
Genes 2024, 15(3), 307; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes15030307 - 27 Feb 2024
Viewed by 848
Abstract
As a plant-specific transcription factor, the vascular plant one-zinc-finger (VOZ) plays a crucial role in regulating various biological processes. In this study, a total of 17 VOZ genes in the Cucurbitaceae family were investigated using various bioinformatics methods. The 17 VOZ genes in [...] Read more.
As a plant-specific transcription factor, the vascular plant one-zinc-finger (VOZ) plays a crucial role in regulating various biological processes. In this study, a total of 17 VOZ genes in the Cucurbitaceae family were investigated using various bioinformatics methods. The 17 VOZ genes in Cucurbitaceae are distributed across 16 chromosomes. Based on the affinity of VOZ proteins to AtVOZ proteins, these 17 proteins were categorized into two groups: group I encompassed eight VOZ members, while group II comprised nine VOZ members. The expression profiles of CmoVOZs under various hormonal and abiotic stresses indicated that these genes were induced differentially by JA, ABA, GA, salt, and drought stress. Subsequently, CmoVOZ1 and CmoVOZ2 were found to be transcriptionally active, with the CmoVOZ2 protein being located mainly in the nucleus. Further experiments revealed that yeast cells expressing CmoVOZ2 gene showed increased tolerance to salt stress and drought stress. These results suggest that the VOZ gene family is not only important for plant growth and development but also that this mechanism may be universal across yeast and plants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Abiotic Stress in Plants: Molecular Genetics and Genomics)
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Review

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20 pages, 1699 KiB  
Review
The Euphrates Poplar Responses to Abiotic Stress and Its Unique Traits in Dry Regions of China (Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia): What Should We Know?
by Boniface Ndayambaza, Jianhua Si, Yanfang Deng, Bing Jia, Xiaohui He, Dongmeng Zhou, Chunlin Wang, Xinglin Zhu, Zijin Liu, Jie Qin, Boyang Wang and Xue Bai
Genes 2023, 14(12), 2213; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes14122213 - 14 Dec 2023
Viewed by 1172
Abstract
At the moment, drought, salinity, and low-temperature stress are ubiquitous environmental issues. In arid regions including Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia and other areas worldwide, the area of tree plantations appears to be rising, triggering tree growth. Water is a vital resource in the [...] Read more.
At the moment, drought, salinity, and low-temperature stress are ubiquitous environmental issues. In arid regions including Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia and other areas worldwide, the area of tree plantations appears to be rising, triggering tree growth. Water is a vital resource in the agricultural systems of countries impacted by aridity and salinity. Worldwide efforts to reduce quantitative yield losses on Populus euphratica by adapting tree plant production to unfavorable environmental conditions have been made in response to the responsiveness of the increasing control of water stress. Although there has been much advancement in identifying the genes that resist abiotic stresses, little is known about how plants such as P. euphratica deal with numerous abiotic stresses. P. euphratica is a varied riparian plant that can tolerate drought, salinity, low temperatures, and climate change, and has a variety of water stress adaptability abilities. To conduct this review, we gathered all available information throughout the Web of Science, the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, and the National Center for Biotechnology Information on the impact of abiotic stress on the molecular mechanism and evolution of gene families at the transcription level. The data demonstrated that P. euphratica might gradually adapt its stomatal aperture, photosynthesis, antioxidant activities, xylem architecture, and hydraulic conductivity to endure extreme drought and salt stress. Our analyses will give readers an understanding of how to manage a gene family in desert trees and the influence of abiotic stresses on the productivity of tree plants. They will also give readers the knowledge necessary to improve biotechnology-based tree plant stress tolerance for sustaining yield and quality trees in China’s arid regions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Abiotic Stress in Plants: Molecular Genetics and Genomics)
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