Current Oncology

17 pages, 2597 KB

Open AccessArticle

Incremental Value of PI-RADS v2.1 for Adverse Pathology at Radical Prostatectomy: A Retrospective 1.5-T MRI Cohort

by Yunus Kayali, Onur Erdemoglu, Yigit Kudret Akyol, Melih Colak, Alpcan Torun, Fatih Bicaklioglu and Bilal Eryildirim

Curr. Oncol. 2026, 33(9), 554; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol33090554 - 11 Sep 2026

Abstract

The incremental value of PI-RADS for predicting adverse pathology at radical prostatectomy in men diagnosed through systematic biopsy remains uncertain. We assessed whether PI-RADS improves discrimination beyond age, MRI-derived prostate-specificantigen density (PSAD), biopsy Grade Group, and quantitative biopsy tumour burden. This retrospective study [...] Read more.

The incremental value of PI-RADS for predicting adverse pathology at radical prostatectomy in men diagnosed through systematic biopsy remains uncertain. We assessed whether PI-RADS improves discrimination beyond age, MRI-derived prostate-specificantigen density (PSAD), biopsy Grade Group, and quantitative biopsy tumour burden. This retrospective study included 284 men undergoing 1.5-T mpMRI, systematic biopsy, and radical prostatectomy between January 2020 and January 2026. Adverse pathology comprised prostatectomy Grade Group ≥ 3 and/or stage ≥ pT3a. Three logistic models were compared: age/PSAD/biopsy grade/tumour burden; age/PSAD/PI-RADS; and their combination. Internal validation used 2000 bootstrap samples. Adverse pathology occurred in 143 patients (50.4%). Apparent AUCs were 0.790 (95% CI 0.737–0.843), 0.713 (0.653–0.773), and 0.799 (0.747–0.851); optimism-corrected AUCs were 0.781, 0.703, and 0.787. Adding PI-RADS ≥ 4 yielded an adjusted OR of 1.996 (95% CI 1.150–3.465) and an apparent AUC difference of 0.009 (95% CI −0.015 to 0.033; descriptive DeLong p = 0.469). The combined model had a corrected calibration slope of 0.915 and Brier score of 0.187. PI-RADS from routine 1.5-T mpMRI was independently associated with adverse pathology, but its incremental discrimination beyond clinical and systematicbiopsy variables was small and uncertain. These findings concern a surgery-selected systematicbiopsy pathway, do not estimate the overall value of MRI, and require external validation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Genitourinary Oncology)

9 pages, 429 KB

Open AccessBrief Report

Quality of Life in Ukrainian Children and Adolescents with Cancer Relocated to Switzerland During the Russian–Ukrainian War: An Exploratory Multicenter Study

by Rahel Kasteler, Ahmed Farrag, Andreas Klein-Franke, Calogero Mazzara, Francesco Ceppi, Cornelia Vetter, Nicolas von der Weid and Katrin Scheinemann

Curr. Oncol. 2026, 33(9), 553; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol33090553 - 11 Sep 2026

Abstract

The war in Ukraine, beginning in February 2022, disrupted continuous medical care for Ukrainian childhood and adolescent cancer patients (UCC), many of whom were relocated to pediatric cancer centers worldwide, including Switzerland. In this Brief Report, we describe their health-related quality of life [...] Read more.

The war in Ukraine, beginning in February 2022, disrupted continuous medical care for Ukrainian childhood and adolescent cancer patients (UCC), many of whom were relocated to pediatric cancer centers worldwide, including Switzerland. In this Brief Report, we describe their health-related quality of life (HRQoL) after arrival. In a multicenter, cross-sectional survey across five Swiss pediatric oncology centers, we included patients ≤18 years at diagnosis who arrived after 24 February 2022 and were undergoing active treatment. HRQoL was assessed by the PedsQL™ 4.0 Generic Core Scales (self- and parent-reports). Fourteen of 23 eligible families (61%) participated. HRQoL declined with age, particularly in physical functioning, while psychosocial functioning remained relatively stable but lower among adolescents; parent scores closely matched self-reports. Scores were referenced against a published cohort of healthy Ukrainian children and previously reported pediatric cancer populations. Given the small sample and lack of a matched control group, the findings cannot separate the effects of displacement, cancer, and treatment and are hypothesis-generating. They suggest a potential role for age-tailored supportive care in displaced children with cancer and call for larger, controlled studies. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Childhood, Adolescent and Young Adult Oncology)

10 pages, 2207 KB

Open AccessArticle

Cancer Epidemiology and Decentralization Service Program Initiation: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Hospital-Based Oncology Admissions and Cancer Service Disparities

by Zukiswa Jafta, Muambangu Jean Paul Milambo and Wilson Wezile Chitha

Curr. Oncol. 2026, 33(9), 552; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol33090552 - 11 Sep 2026

Abstract

Background: Cancer remains a growing public health challenge globally, with increasing demand for oncology services, particularly in resource-limited settings. In South Africa’s Eastern Cape Province, tertiary hospitals face rising patient loads amid constrained infrastructure and late-stage presentation. This study assessed temporal trends, gender [...] Read more.

Background: Cancer remains a growing public health challenge globally, with increasing demand for oncology services, particularly in resource-limited settings. In South Africa’s Eastern Cape Province, tertiary hospitals face rising patient loads amid constrained infrastructure and late-stage presentation. This study assessed temporal trends, gender differences, and cancer-type distribution in oncology service utilisation at Nelson Mandela Academic Hospital (NMAH) from April 2023 to February 2025. Methods: A retrospective quantitative observational time-series design was used. Monthly aggregated oncology service data were extracted from hospital records, including total cancer attendances, gender distribution, cancer types, and service utilisation indicators (new cases, follow-ups, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, palliative care, admissions, referrals, and mortality). Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and simple linear regression were applied to assess temporal trends. Time (months) was the independent variable. Results: A total of 16,368 cancer-related encounters were recorded, with a mean of 706.4 cases per month. Females accounted for 11,816 cases, significantly exceeding males (4552). Breast cancer was the most prevalent malignancy (5763 cases), followed by other cancers (4316) and cervical cancer (3616). Cervical cancer demonstrated a strong and statistically significant increasing trend (r = 0.619, p = 0.002), while lung cancer also showed a significant upward trend (r = 0.549, p = 0.007). Breast cancer showed a positive but non-significant trend (p = 0.163), whereas prostate and oesophageal cancers showed no significant temporal changes. Service utilisation was dominated by follow-up visits (14,761) and palliative care (16,911), indicating a high burden of advanced disease. Overall attendance showed an increasing trend, peaking at 1039 cases in April 2024, with seasonal declines in December–January. Conclusions: Oncology service utilisation at NMAH is increasing, with marked gender disparities and rising trends in cervical and lung cancers. The high reliance on palliative and follow-up care highlights late presentation and advanced disease burden. Strengthening early detection, screening programmes, and decentralised oncology service capacity is essential to address the growing cancer burden in this setting. Full article

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25 pages, 1896 KB

Open AccessArticle

Clinical Value of an LDH–CA125–NLR Panel for Diagnosis, Platinum Resistance, and Prognostic Assessment in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

by Shuiqing Xu, Jinzhen Guo, Ziyi Zhao, Yan Zhai, Yingying Liu and Hua Li

Curr. Oncol. 2026, 33(9), 551; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol33090551 - 10 Sep 2026

Abstract

(1) Background/Objective: Routine blood tests may provide useful information at different stages of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) management. This study evaluated continuous lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) values for diagnostic discrimination in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and, [...] Read more.

(1) Background/Objective: Routine blood tests may provide useful information at different stages of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) management. This study evaluated continuous lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) values for diagnostic discrimination in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and, separately, triple-positive status in relation to platinum resistance and survival. (2) Methods: This retrospective study included 238 patients with EOC and 238 individually matched patients with benign ovarian lesions. Continuous biomarkers were entered into logistic regression models for diagnosis. Triple-positive status was defined as LDH > 195.5 U/L, CA125 > 35.37 U/mL, and NLR > 2.63. Logistic regression was used for platinum resistance and Cox regression for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Bootstrap internal validation was performed for the diagnostic models and PFS nomogram. (3) Results: The continuous LDH + CA125 + NLR model yielded an AUC of 0.873, with 75.97% sensitivity and 88.66% specificity; AUCs were 0.751 in early-stage and 0.958 in advanced-stage EOC. Adding NLR to LDH + CA125 did not significantly improve the AUC overall or within stage groups. Triple-positive status was associated with platinum resistance (adjusted OR = 3.488, 95% CI 1.504–8.087; p = 0.004), shorter PFS (adjusted HR = 3.109, 95% CI 1.772–5.456; p < 0.001), and shorter OS in advanced-stage EOC (adjusted HR = 3.538, 95% CI 1.385–9.038; p = 0.008). The PFS nomogram had a bootstrap-corrected C-index of 0.7521. (4) Conclusions: The continuous three-marker model showed diagnostic discrimination in this selected surgical cohort, while triple-positive status was associated with platinum resistance and adverse survival outcomes. External validation is needed. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Gynecologic Oncology)

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38 pages, 1745 KB

Open AccessReview

Beyond Chronological Age: A Scoping Review of Neurosurgical Intervention for Central Nervous System Tumors in the Very Elderly

by Jacob Gould, Sarah Segal, Garin G. Griffith, Saud K. Zaidan, Saarang Patel, Arjit Singh, Hazem S. Ghaith and Julian Gendreau

Curr. Oncol. 2026, 33(9), 550; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol33090550 - 10 Sep 2026

Abstract

Adults aged 75 years or older are increasingly considered for neurosurgical treatment of primary central nervous system tumors, yet the evidence guiding treatment selection remains fragmented. We conducted a scoping review of PubMed/MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science from database inception [...] Read more.

Adults aged 75 years or older are increasingly considered for neurosurgical treatment of primary central nervous system tumors, yet the evidence guiding treatment selection remains fragmented. We conducted a scoping review of PubMed/MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science from database inception through July 2026. Original clinical reports were eligible when they included separately extractable data for adults aged 75 years or older undergoing or being evaluated for tumor-directed neurosurgical intervention for primary intracranial, skull-base, cranial-nerve, spinal cord, meningeal, or primary vertebral tumors. Data were charted using a standardized framework and synthesized descriptively by tumor type, treatment intent, patient-selection factors, and reported outcomes. Eighty reports were included, of which 37 addressed glioma or glioblastoma and 25 addressed intracranial meningioma; 75 were retrospective. In glioma, greater resection was frequently associated with longer survival, although findings for subtotal resection were inconsistent and postoperative treatment completion was an important prognostic factor. In meningioma, functional preservation and independence were prominent considerations, while sellar, spinal, and vestibular schwannoma studies emphasized vision, neurologic function, and cranial-nerve outcomes. Quality of life, cognition, caregiver burden, and time at home were rarely reported. Surgical benefit in very elderly patients is tumor-specific, and future studies should prioritize prospective, patient-centered outcomes rather than relying primarily on survival or chronological age. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Neuro-Oncology)

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5 pages, 162 KB

Open AccessEditorial

Clinical Outcomes and New Treatments in Pediatric Brain Tumors

by Craig Erker and Sébastien Perreault

Curr. Oncol. 2026, 33(9), 549; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol33090549 - 10 Sep 2026

Abstract

Central nervous system (CNS) tumors represent the most common solid tumors of childhood and remain the leading cause of cancer-related mortality among pediatric patients [...] Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Outcomes and New Treatments in Pediatric Brain Tumors)

10 pages, 224 KB

Open AccessReview

Cell Therapy Transplant Canada (CTTC) Consensus-Based Review for the Use of Supportive Care and Topical Therapies for Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease

by Kylie Lepic, Joseph Aziz, Gizelle Popradi, Christopher Lemieux, Jennifer White, Stephanie Maier, Mohamed Elemary, Kirk Schultz, Kristjan Paulson, Ram Vasudevan Nampoothiri, David Allan and Dennis Dong Hwan Kim

Curr. Oncol. 2026, 33(9), 548; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol33090548 - 10 Sep 2026

Abstract

This is a consensus-based Canadian review with the primary purpose of expanding knowledge regarding supportive and topical therapies for chronic graft vs. host disease (cGvHD). There is often a lack of confidence in treating certain organ specific manifestations, and access to specialists with [...] Read more.

This is a consensus-based Canadian review with the primary purpose of expanding knowledge regarding supportive and topical therapies for chronic graft vs. host disease (cGvHD). There is often a lack of confidence in treating certain organ specific manifestations, and access to specialists with organ specific expertise varies across the country. This paper covers information gained from a literature review and Canadian transplanter expertise and will serve as a guide for hematopoietic cell transplant healthcare providers to topical cGvHD therapies accessible in Canada. We will review common symptoms and signs focused specifically on skin, mouth, eye and genital tract cGvHD and on lifestyle modifications and topical treatments as an adjunct to our recent publication on systemic treatment for cGvHD. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Cell Therapy)

15 pages, 439 KB

Open AccessArticle

Nutrition Care Practices in Colorectal Cancer: A National Survey of Patients, Caregivers, and Healthcare Professionals in Canada

by Iris M. Karry, Sally S. Chung, Barry D. Stein, Olga Graifer, Katherine L. Ford, R. Thomas Jagoe, Marianne Fillion, Karmen More, Natasha Bassett-Saltarelli, Joseph Chon, Natalie Leon, Timothy R. Asmis and Martin Chasen

Curr. Oncol. 2026, 33(9), 547; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol33090547 - 10 Sep 2026

Abstract

Nutrition is an essential component of colorectal cancer (CRC) care, influencing treatment tolerance, functional status, and quality of life, yet it remains inconsistently integrated into practice. This study examined experiences with nutrition management and gaps in nutrition care among patients with CRC, caregivers, [...] Read more.

Nutrition is an essential component of colorectal cancer (CRC) care, influencing treatment tolerance, functional status, and quality of life, yet it remains inconsistently integrated into practice. This study examined experiences with nutrition management and gaps in nutrition care among patients with CRC, caregivers, and healthcare professionals across Canada through a multi-center, cross-sectional survey conducted from July 2025 to February 2026. A total of 243 participants completed the survey, including 121 patients, 45 caregivers, and 77 healthcare professionals. Among patients, 51.2% reported that nutritional status was discussed or assessed during treatment, while 24.0% reported it was never discussed. More than half of patients (55.4%) said they did not receive adequate information regarding weight loss during treatment. Caregivers described substantial nutrition impact symptoms and identified a need for clearer guidance, emotional support, and improved access to dietitians. Healthcare professionals rated nutrition care as highly important yet reported barriers to effective delivery, including limited staffing, lack of standardized screening, and reactive care processes. Across groups, respondents emphasized the importance of timely, personalized, and culturally relevant nutrition care. Overall, nutrition remains insufficiently embedded in CRC care, highlighting the need for routine screening, standardized referral pathways, earlier intervention, and integrated patient-centered nutrition care models to improve CRC care. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Gastrointestinal Oncology)

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13 pages, 12757 KB

Open AccessArticle

Joint Trajectories of Death Anxiety and Experiential Avoidance After Cancer Diagnosis: A Longitudinal Study

by Yiguo Deng, Furong Chen, Siyu Li, Qihan Zhang, Jiaying Li and Zengjie Ye

Curr. Oncol. 2026, 33(9), 546; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol33090546 - 9 Sep 2026

Abstract

Background: Despite the observed association between death anxiety and experiential avoidance, their joint short-term trajectories in patients with newly diagnosed cancer remain unclear. This study aimed to identify joint trajectories of death anxiety and experiential avoidance during early cancer care. Methods: This secondary [...] Read more.

Background: Despite the observed association between death anxiety and experiential avoidance, their joint short-term trajectories in patients with newly diagnosed cancer remain unclear. This study aimed to identify joint trajectories of death anxiety and experiential avoidance during early cancer care. Methods: This secondary longitudinal analysis included 266 adults with newly diagnosed cancer recruited at Hunan Cancer Hospital, China, between April and September 2022. Death anxiety and experiential avoidance were assessed using the 15-item Templer Death Anxiety Scale (DAS) and the seven-item Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II), respectively, at hospital admission, discharge, and one month after discharge. This interval represented the acute adaptation phase after diagnosis and treatment initiation. Outcome-specific trajectory models informed a fully crossed dual-trajectory model. Results: Participants (mean age, 48.33 ± 11.18 years; 53.8% male) followed three jointly re-estimated declining DAS trajectories (low, 37.3%; moderate, 26.5%; high, 36.3%) and two declining AAQ-II trajectories (low, 70.6%; high, 29.4%). In the dual-trajectory model (entropy = 0.849), the probability of high-AAQ-II increased across low, moderate, and high-DAS trajectories (8.5%, 18.7%, and 58.6%), and 72.3% of the high-AAQ-II trajectory followed the high-DAS trajectory. A high-DAS/low-AAQ-II combination accounted for 15.0%, indicating incomplete correspondence. Conclusions: During early care after cancer diagnosis, high-AAQ-II membership was concentrated in higher DAS trajectories, whereas high-DAS could also accompany low-AAQ-II. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Psychosocial Impact of Cancers and Supportive Care Interventions)

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18 pages, 803 KB

Open AccessArticle

Idiopathic Pneumonia Syndrome and Pulmonary Toxicity After Total Body Irradiation for Bone Marrow Transplantation in the Modern Transplant Era

by Ruijia Jin, Justin Oh, Iman Baharmand, Matthew Chan, Jessica Chan, Andrea C. Lo, Cassidy Northway, Conrad Yuen, I. A. Popescu, T. P. L. Nghiem, Yasser Abou Mourad and Cheryl Duzenli

Curr. Oncol. 2026, 33(9), 545; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol33090545 - 9 Sep 2026

Abstract

Total body irradiation (TBI) is commonly used for myeloablative conditioning prior to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in high-risk, relapsed, or refractory hematologic malignancies. Pulmonary toxicity (PT)—including pneumonia, diffuse alveolar hemorrhage, and interstitial pneumonitis—is a serious complication after HSCT. Idiopathic pneumonia syndrome [...] Read more.

Total body irradiation (TBI) is commonly used for myeloablative conditioning prior to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in high-risk, relapsed, or refractory hematologic malignancies. Pulmonary toxicity (PT)—including pneumonia, diffuse alveolar hemorrhage, and interstitial pneumonitis—is a serious complication after HSCT. Idiopathic pneumonia syndrome (IPS), defined as widespread alveolar injury without cardiogenic or infectious causes, represents a non-infectious form of PT. This study characterizes PT and IPS and explores associated factors following TBI-based HSCT in adults. We conducted a retrospective review of a prospectively collected database of adult patients treated with TBI-based HSCT from 2015 to 2022. Clinical records and chest imaging were reviewed to identify PT and IPS. IPS occurred in 20 patients (18%) of the cohort, with 8 patients (7%) within 100 days and 13 patients (13%) after 100 days. One patient experienced both early- and late-onset IPS and was counted once in the cumulative analysis. Early pulmonary infection was associated with reduced overall survival in both univariable (p = 0.002) and multivariable 100-day landmark analyses (p = 0.047). Acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) was independently associated with improved survival (p = 0.017), whereas chronic GVHD was not statistically significant in the landmark analyses. PT and IPS incidences were consistent with previously published adult TBI cohorts. While no significant clinical or radiation-related predictors of IPS were identified, pulmonary infection emerged as a predictor of inferior overall survival. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue 2nd Edition: Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation: Does the Conditioning Regimen Intensity Still Matter?)

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17 pages, 31178 KB

Open AccessCase Report

High-Grade Chondrosarcoma Involving the Xiphoid Process and Lower Sternum—The Continuing Role of Extended Open Chest Wall Surgery in the Era of Minimally Invasive Thoracic Surgery: A Case Report

by Thomas Rallis, Maria Mironidou-Tzouveleki, Vasileios Theocharidis, Apostolos Gogakos, Dimitrios Paliouras, Achilleas Lazopoulos, Nikolaos Christoglou, Panagiotis Panousis, Michael Katsamakas, Paraskevas Vrochidis, Meropi Koutourini, Myrto Tzinevi, Pipitsa Valsamaki, Alexandra Mpakosi and Nikolaos Barmpetakis

Curr. Oncol. 2026, 33(9), 544; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol33090544 - 9 Sep 2026

Abstract

Primary chondrosarcoma of the sternum is a rare malignancy whose anatomical location can create major diagnostic, resection, and reconstruction challenges. We report a 62-year-old man with severe obesity and a heavy smoking history who presented with a progressively enlarging, painful sternal swelling. Preoperative [...] Read more.

Primary chondrosarcoma of the sternum is a rare malignancy whose anatomical location can create major diagnostic, resection, and reconstruction challenges. We report a 62-year-old man with severe obesity and a heavy smoking history who presented with a progressively enlarging, painful sternal swelling. Preoperative imaging conducted via computed tomography and positron emission tomography–computed tomography demonstrated a large heterogeneous mass at the anterior thoracoabdominal junction infiltrating the xiphoid process. CT-guided biopsy established grade III chondrosarcoma. Because of the tumor’s size, location, and infiltrative features, bilateral transverse thoraco-sternotomy (“Clamshell” Procedure) was performed. “En bloc” resection included the middle and lower sternum, involved soft tissues and adjacent costal arches, followed by prosthetic synthetic polypropylene mesh reconstruction. The final pathology documented tumor-free examined margins (R₀), with an approximately 10 mm closest reported clearance. The postoperative course was prolonged and complex. The patient required 18 days of intensive care and tracheostomy on postoperative day 8 because of delayed awakening and intermittent oxygen desaturation. Wound dehiscence necessitated surgical revisions on postoperative days 29 and 44; during the second revision, the infected mesh was removed. The tracheostomy was removed on day 64, and the patient was discharged in a stable condition two days later. This case demonstrates that extensive open approaches remain indispensable for selected chest wall malignancies. It also emphasizes the importance of coordinated multidisciplinary perioperative care from diagnosis through recovery, while illustrating how reconstructive resources, patient risk, and infection can determine the procedure’s outcome. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Thoracic Oncology)

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16 pages, 275 KB

Open AccessArticle

From Availability to Access: A Mixed-Methods Study of Digital Prostate Cancer Survivorship Support for Black Men

by Olamide Okedara, Gabriela Ilie, Maren Brodovsky, Ross J. Mason, Ricardo Rendon, Andrea Kokorovic, Greg Bailly, Howard Evans, Kunal Jana, Jasmir G. Nayak, Ernest Chan, Stanley Flax, Nikhilesh Patil, David Bowes, Duvern Ramiah, Shingai Mutambirwa, Andrew Oberholzer, Lola Riley, Jordan Cole, William Carruthers, Sarah Taylar and Robert David Harold Rutledge Show full author list Hide full author list

Curr. Oncol. 2026, 33(9), 543; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol33090543 - 9 Sep 2026

Abstract

Introduction: Black men experience persistent disparities across the prostate cancer continuum, including inequities in access to survivorship support. This study examined the perceived value, acceptability, and experiences of accessing a multicomponent digital survivorship program among Black men with prostate cancer. Methods: This exploratory [...] Read more.

Introduction: Black men experience persistent disparities across the prostate cancer continuum, including inequities in access to survivorship support. This study examined the perceived value, acceptability, and experiences of accessing a multicomponent digital survivorship program among Black men with prostate cancer. Methods: This exploratory mixed-methods study was embedded within the ongoing international Phase 4 implementation trial of the Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program (PC-PEP), a six-month digital intervention integrating exercise, pelvic floor muscle training, nutrition, stress management, psychosocial support, and peer connection. Fourteen self-identified Black participants contributed six-month program evaluation and qualitative data collected through open-ended responses and conference-based focus group discussions. Nine participants (64%) had undergone surgery with or without radiation and/or hormone therapy, four (29%) had received radiation with or without hormone therapy, and one (7%) was on active surveillance or had received no treatment. Quantitative data were summarized descriptively, and qualitative data were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. Results: PC-PEP was highly valued, with median ratings of 10 (IQR 8–10) for likelihood of recommending the program and 9 (IQR 8–10) for overall usefulness. Among participants with available item-level data, 11/13 (85%) reported lifestyle improvement and 12/13 (92%) endorsed offering PC-PEP as standard care. Qualitative findings identified the value of holistic survivorship support, peer connection, normalization of vulnerability, and support for physical and psychological self-management. Participants also described limited awareness of PC-PEP at diagnosis and reliance on individual clinicians or incidental opportunities to learn about the program. Participants emphasized the need for earlier referral, greater representation, and culturally relevant community outreach. Conclusions: Black men who accessed PC-PEP reported high perceived value and identified benefits across multiple dimensions of survivorship. Their experiences, however, highlighted an important distinction between program availability and meaningful access: participants’ experiences suggest that availability alone may not ensure timely connection to survivorship support. Earlier referral, culturally responsive outreach, and integration of survivorship support into routine prostate cancer care may help close this gap. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Palliative and Supportive Care)

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17 pages, 2049 KB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Toxicity, Dose Intensity, and Clinical Outcomes with First-Line Enfortumab Vedotin Plus Pembrolizumab in Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma: A Multicenter Real-World Study

by Samad Sayed, Rishikesh Kumar, Martin Zarba, Md Mahsin, Amina Taleb, Lateefah Alshammari, Simon Mairs, Naveen Basappa, Michael Kolinsky, Meghan Mahoney, Vishal Navani, Tina Cheng, Safiya Karim, Richard Lee-Ying, Steven Yip, Daniel Y. C. Heng, Scott North and Nimira Alimohamed

Curr. Oncol. 2026, 33(9), 542; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol33090542 - 9 Sep 2026

Abstract

Background: Enfortumab vedotin plus pembrolizumab (EVP) is the standard first-line treatment for locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma (la/mUC); however, real-world toxicity patterns, timing of onset, and prognostic significance of treatment-related adverse events (AEs) remain incompletely characterized. Methods: We conducted a retrospective, multicenter [...] Read more.

Background: Enfortumab vedotin plus pembrolizumab (EVP) is the standard first-line treatment for locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma (la/mUC); however, real-world toxicity patterns, timing of onset, and prognostic significance of treatment-related adverse events (AEs) remain incompletely characterized. Methods: We conducted a retrospective, multicenter analysis of 60 la/mUC patients treated with first-line EVP in Alberta, Canada (September 2024–January 2026). Treatment related toxicities, time to AE onset, dose modifications, and treatment discontinuation were assessed. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed. Results: The median age was 69 years, 82% of patients were male, and 80% had metastatic disease at treatment initiation. Histology was pure urothelial in 82% and mixed in 18%. Median follow-up was 10.3 months, and the median number of EV and pembrolizumab cycles was seven and eight, respectively. Rash (63%), fatigue (57%), and peripheral neuropathy (47%) were the most common adverse events, with median onset at 17, 29, and 90 days, respectively. Dose reductions occurred in 62%, dose delays in 43%, and treatment discontinuation in 38%. An initial enfortumab vedotin dose of 1.25 mg/kg was associated with improved PFS (HR 0.30, 95% CI 0.13–0.68; p = 0.004) and OS (HR 0.32, 95% CI 0.10–0.97; p = 0.044) compared with 1.0 mg/kg. Neuropathy was associated with improved PFS (HR 0.32, 95% CI 0.14–0.73; p = 0.007) and OS (HR 0.24, 95% CI 0.07–0.87; p = 0.029), while rash was associated with improved OS (HR 0.31, 95% CI 0.11–0.91; p = 0.032). Conclusions: EVP was associated with frequent treatment-related adverse events requiring dose modifications, and the development of rash and peripheral neuropathy was associated with favorable survival outcomes. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Genitourinary Oncology)

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9 pages, 648 KB

Open AccessArticle

Investigating Quality of Life and Decision Regret in Patients Undergoing Laryngectomy

by Dagmawi Lulseged, Jedeiah Dickerson, Lauren Ottenstein, Margie Dixon, Rebecca Pentz and Nicole C. Schmitt

Curr. Oncol. 2026, 33(9), 541; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol33090541 - 9 Sep 2026

Abstract

Total laryngectomy is a surgical procedure for advanced laryngeal cancer and can affect speech, swallowing, and breathing. This study compared the quality of life, swallowing function, and decision regret among patients who underwent primary total laryngectomy with adjuvant radiation (Group 1) versus salvage [...] Read more.

Total laryngectomy is a surgical procedure for advanced laryngeal cancer and can affect speech, swallowing, and breathing. This study compared the quality of life, swallowing function, and decision regret among patients who underwent primary total laryngectomy with adjuvant radiation (Group 1) versus salvage laryngectomy (Group 2). A survey was completed by 25 Group 1 patients and 27 Group 2 patients. Quality of life and swallowing ability were assessed using the University of Washington Quality of Life Questionnaire (UW-QOL) and M.D. Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (MDADI), while decision regret was measured using the Decision Regret Scale. Group 1 patients reported a higher mean total UW-QOL score (74.4) than Group 2 (68.2). Similarly, Group 1 patients demonstrated better swallowing outcomes, with a mean MDADI score of 70.28 compared to 63.90 in Group 2. Decision Regret scores were lower in Group 1 patients (31.4) than in Group 2 (35.37), indicating less regret regarding treatment decisions. However, all these differences did not reach statistical significance. Overall, these findings highlight the importance of fully informing patients of the impact of surgery on quality of life to assist them in their decision-making. Future studies can recruit larger cohorts and investigate the effectiveness of other laryngectomy treatments/procedures. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Head and Neck Oncology)

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24 pages, 4527 KB

Open AccessArticle

Assessing Quality Gaps and Clinician Perspectives on AI Integration in Colorectal Cancer NGS Pathways

by Luxiga Thanabalachandran, Darya Ali, Avery Newman-Simmons, Claire Norman, Daniel Jafari, Tamara Grahovac, Aaron Pollett, Weei-Yuarn Huang, Lina Chen, Shaqil Kassam, Carly C. Barron, Suneil Khanna, Kristin Wright, Stephanie Snow, Ron Burkes, Tao Wang, Andrea Grin, Taylor Moffat and Yuchen Li

Curr. Oncol. 2026, 33(9), 540; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol33090540 - 9 Sep 2026

Abstract

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is integral to colorectal cancer (CRC) care, but its value depends on results being available when treatment decisions are made. We conducted a qualitative study to identify quality gaps in CRC NGS pathways and assess perspectives on digital and artificial [...] Read more.

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is integral to colorectal cancer (CRC) care, but its value depends on results being available when treatment decisions are made. We conducted a qualitative study to identify quality gaps in CRC NGS pathways and assess perspectives on digital and artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled workflow support. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 22 medical oncologists and pathologists from 14 Ontario hospitals, and transcripts were analyzed thematically. Five themes emerged: (1) clinical indications and test ordering, where initiation was inconsistent because of unclear reflex-testing criteria, reliance on upstream clinicians, staging uncertainty, evolving indications, and funding constraints; (2) tissue, pathology, and laboratory workflow, where participants attributed bottlenecks and turnaround variability to send-out testing, staffing, infrastructure, and capacity; (3) interdisciplinary communication and tracking, where informal communication, unclear ownership, and manual tracking highlighted the need for closed-loop confirmation and alerts; (4) reporting and clinical integration, where report clarity, interpretability, and timing affected use; and (5) electronic health record integration and AI integration, where fragmented systems and limited interoperability delayed result access. Participants supported clinician-supervised digital or AI-enabled tools for case identification, triage, tracking, and overdue-result alerts. CRC NGS optimization requires standardized reflex criteria, clearer ownership, closed-loop tracking, reliable routing, structured reporting, and interoperable infrastructure. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Gastrointestinal Oncology)

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15 pages, 751 KB

Open AccessArticle

Community-Based HPV Self-Sampling to Enhance Access to Cervical Cancer Prevention: A Continuum-of-Care Model from Urban Nepal

by Shreekrishna Maharjan, Anamika Maharjan, Kushala K. Bista, Pranali G. Patel, Jitendra Pariyar, Pema Lhaki and Sadeep Shrestha

Curr. Oncol. 2026, 33(9), 539; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol33090539 - 5 Sep 2026

Abstract

Cervical cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women in Nepal, where national screening coverage is approximately 16%. This study evaluated the feasibility of a community-based, door-to-door self-sampling strategy for high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) detection in an urban municipality of central [...] Read more.

Cervical cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women in Nepal, where national screening coverage is approximately 16%. This study evaluated the feasibility of a community-based, door-to-door self-sampling strategy for high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) detection in an urban municipality of central Nepal and assessed hrHPV prevalence, genotype distribution, screening outcomes, and associated demographic factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2023 and May 2024 in Ward No. 3 of Lalitpur Metropolitan City. Women aged 30–60 years were recruited through trained community health workers, provided education and home-based self-sampling kits, and completed a demographic questionnaire. Dry cervical swabs from 418 participants were tested for hrHPV. Women with positive results underwent visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA), followed by colposcopy, biopsy when indicated, and thermal ablation for confirmed precancerous lesions. Overall participation was 64.1%, and hrHPV prevalence was 10.3%. Non-16/18 hrHPV genotypes predominated (55.8%), followed by HPV16 (20.9%). Women aged > 50 years were more likely to be hrHPV- and VIA-positive (OR = 7.39, p = 0.02). Six pre-cancer cases were identified: five cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN1) and one CIN3 case. Community-based hrHPV self-sampling was found to be feasible and achieved effective linkage to triage and treatment, supporting its consideration for strengthening cervical cancer screening in Nepal. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Global Strategies and Equity Challenges in Cervical Cancer Prevention and Elimination)

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13 pages, 1907 KB

Open AccessArticle

Higher Negative Margin Rates with Intraoperative Ultrasound-Guided Excision for Myxofibrosarcoma: A Single-Center Cohort Study with External Comparisons

by Youngkeun Lee, Sujin Lee, Sang Ah Chi and Sung Wook Seo

Curr. Oncol. 2026, 33(9), 538; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol33090538 - 4 Sep 2026

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Myxofibrosarcoma (MFS) shows infiltrative fascial extensions that complicate margin achievement and drive local recurrence. We evaluated whether intraoperative ultrasound guidance improves negative margin achievement and oncological outcomes compared with conventional excision. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study at a single [...] Read more.

Background/Objectives: Myxofibrosarcoma (MFS) shows infiltrative fascial extensions that complicate margin achievement and drive local recurrence. We evaluated whether intraoperative ultrasound guidance improves negative margin achievement and oncological outcomes compared with conventional excision. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study at a single tertiary referral center, patients with MFS underwent conventional excision (2008–2013; n = 15) or ultrasound-guided excision (2014–2024; n = 50; primary comparative analysis n = 47 after excluding three patients). The primary outcome was negative margin achievement; secondary outcomes were overall survival (OS), local recurrence-free survival (LRFS), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS). Exploratory matching-adjusted indirect comparisons (MAICs) were performed against seven published international MFS cohorts. Results: Overall R0 (negative) margin rates did not differ between cohorts (97.9% vs. 93.3%; p = 0.428). Among R0 margins, however, a wide clearance (R0-wide, ≥1 mm) was more frequent in the US-guided cohort, whereas R0-close (<1 mm) margins predominated after conventional excision (R0-wide 83.0% vs. 46.7%; odds ratio 5.38, 95% CI 1.30–23.73; p = 0.014). Median follow-up was 49 months; five-year OS, LRFS, and DMFS were 97.5%, 94.3%, and 83.7%. In the internal historical comparison, LRFS was directionally higher with ultrasound guidance (94.3% vs. 68.2%; HR 0.26; p = 0.059). In MAICs, LRFS favored the US-guided cohort in all five comparisons and OS in two of four. Conclusions: Intraoperative ultrasound guidance was associated with a higher rate of wide (R0-wide, ≥1 mm) negative margins and favorable local disease control in MFS; whether wider microscopic clearance itself improves local control requires prospective multicenter evaluation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in the Orthopaedic Oncology)

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13 pages, 1670 KB

Open AccessArticle

Post-Mastectomy Emergency Department Visits in Alberta: Understanding Patient Perspectives

by Emily M. Heath, Julia Chai, Susan Isherwood, Riley Martens Mulangu, Steven Langer and May Lynn Quan

Curr. Oncol. 2026, 33(9), 537; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol33090537 - 4 Sep 2026

Abstract

Same-day surgery for mastectomy increased in Alberta from 1.7% to 73% in 2022, after implementation of a perioperative pathway in 2016. However, rates of unplanned visits to the emergency department (ED) remained >20%. Previous research explored reasons for this using administrative data but [...] Read more.

Same-day surgery for mastectomy increased in Alberta from 1.7% to 73% in 2022, after implementation of a perioperative pathway in 2016. However, rates of unplanned visits to the emergency department (ED) remained >20%. Previous research explored reasons for this using administrative data but lacked patient-level data. Our study aims to explore patient-reported factors influencing unplanned ED visits after mastectomy. A survey study was conducted of patients who underwent mastectomy in Alberta between July 2021 and June 2022. Patients were identified from the Canadian Institute of Health Information database; chart review was performed to confirm ED visit details. Survey questions evaluated medical, socioeconomic, and psychologic domains, as well as patient-reported experiences of perioperative care. Of 556 patients who underwent mastectomy during the study period, 23% presented to the ED unplanned within 30 days. The survey was sent to 87 patients meeting inclusion criteria; 38% responded. Most patients presented on a weekend, stating the ED was the only choice available at the time. The most common patient concerns were related to infection (38%) and drain function (38%). Despite high postoperative ED visit rates, overall, 84% felt prepared for surgery, only 15% felt uncomfortable with drain management, and 78% of patients were satisfied with surgery. Difficulty accessing their surgical team postoperatively was reported as the main challenge. Future initiatives should focus on improved access to outpatient care and education on post-mastectomy emergencies. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Breast Cancer)

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15 pages, 17273 KB

Open AccessCase Report

Long-Term Cutaneous Hyperpigmentation During Adjuvant Osimertinib Therapy in a Resected Stage IIB EGFR L858R-Mutated Lung Adenocarcinoma in an Older Adult: A Rare Case Report with Two-Year Follow-Up and Literature Review

by Marclesson Santos Alves, Juliana Palácio de Queiroz Ventura Barros, Danielle Calheiros Campelo Maia, Igor Santos Costa, Ormando Rodrigues Campos Junior and Howard Lopes Ribeiro Junior

Curr. Oncol. 2026, 33(9), 536; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol33090536 - 3 Sep 2026

Abstract

The use of targeted therapies has improved outcomes in patients with resected epidermal growth factor receptor-mutated non-small cell lung cancer, but uncommon and persistent dermatologic toxicities remain poorly characterized. We report a 71-year-old woman with resected lung adenocarcinoma harboring an epidermal growth factor [...] Read more.

The use of targeted therapies has improved outcomes in patients with resected epidermal growth factor receptor-mutated non-small cell lung cancer, but uncommon and persistent dermatologic toxicities remain poorly characterized. We report a 71-year-old woman with resected lung adenocarcinoma harboring an epidermal growth factor receptor exon 21 L858R mutation. Following right upper lobectomy and systematic mediastinal lymph node dissection, pathological staging was pT2aN1M0 (stage IIB). She received four cycles of adjuvant cisplatin plus pemetrexed followed by planned three-year adjuvant Osimertinib. During Osimertinib treatment, she developed a persistent violaceous rash accompanied by progressive cutaneous hyperpigmentation. Osimertinib was temporarily interrupted, and dermatologic evaluation was performed, resulting in partial clinical improvement. Hyperpigmentation, however, persisted during follow-up. Other adverse events included grade 1 diarrhea, transient arthralgia, anorexia, and weight loss. Osimertinib was subsequently resumed and maintained. Nearly two years after surgery, the patient remains free of disease recurrence, with stable pigmentary skin changes. This case highlights an uncommon and prolonged dermatologic manifestation associated with Osimertinib and emphasizes the importance of recognizing atypical cutaneous toxicity to facilitate appropriate management and to facilitate appropriate dermatologic evaluation and individualized management of treatment-related toxicity. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Thoracic Oncology)

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