Molecular Nutrition: How Nutrients and Nutraceuticals Could Impact on Aging and Longevity

A special issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409). This special issue belongs to the section "Cellular Aging".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2024) | Viewed by 2013

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
Interests: inflamm-aging; immunogenetics; nutritional interventions; positive biology; viral infections

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Aging is a worldwide phenomenon and the increase of the median age is evident everywhere. Oldest old people are the population with the fastest growth in Western World but the healthy lifespan is not going at the same pace. The role of nutrition and lifestyle in the modulation of aging rate and in the improvement of the lifespan has been validated by a huge amount of evidence but the specific effects at a molecular level are often unknown. It is useful to start from the basis to build new knowledge: the molecular pattern is essential to really use specific molecules and, consequently personalized medicine, in order to “treat” a specific phenotype, as the aged ones. As it is well known, each daily action can contribute to increase or decrease the rate of aging. Thus, molecular modifications linked to specific nutrients (e.g., phytochemicals) and the interaction with other aspects such as life habit, physical activities, meditation and any other action that can modify molecular aspects and pathways, could be interesting to identify new crucial aspects contributing to the increase or decrease of successful (longevity) or unsuccessful aging. This Special Issue wants to collect reviews about current knowledge on the interaction of specific nutrient or nutrient components on aging and longevity at a molecular level. Looking at the molecular aspects and biochemical pathways, we would collect new evidence or review about the possible modulation of these two phenotypes to try to find new hallmarks and molecular biomarkers.

Dr. Giulia Accardi
Dr. Anna Aiello
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • nutrition
  • nutraceutical
  • aging
  • longevity
  • molecular nutrition
  • signalling pathway

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

17 pages, 1921 KiB  
Article
Structured Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) Enhances Motility and Promotes the Antioxidant Capacity of Aged C. elegans
by Ignasi Mora, Alejandra Pérez-Santamaria, Julia Tortajada-Pérez, Rafael P. Vázquez-Manrique, Lluís Arola and Francesc Puiggròs
Cells 2023, 12(15), 1932; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12151932 - 26 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1561
Abstract
The human lifespan has increased over the past century; however, healthspans have not kept up with this trend, especially cognitive health. Among nutrients for brain function maintenance, long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 LCPUFA): DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) and EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) must be [...] Read more.
The human lifespan has increased over the past century; however, healthspans have not kept up with this trend, especially cognitive health. Among nutrients for brain function maintenance, long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 LCPUFA): DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) and EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) must be highlighted, particularly structured forms of EPA and DHA which were developed to improve bioavailability and bioactivity in comparison with conventional ω-3 supplements. This study aims to elucidate the effect of a structured triglyceride form of DHA (DHA-TG) on the healthspan of aged C. elegans. Using a thrashing assay, the nematodes were monitored at 4, 8, and 12 days of adulthood, and DHA-TG improved its motility at every age without affecting lifespan. In addition, the treatment promoted antioxidant capacity by enhancing the activity and expression of SOD (superoxide dismutase) in the nematodes. Lastly, as the effect of DHA-TG was lost in the DAF-16 mutant strain, it might be hypothesized that the effects of DHA need DAF-16/FOXO as an intermediary. In brief, DHA-TG exerted a healthspan-promoting effect resulting in both enhanced physical fitness and increased antioxidant defense in aged C. elegans. For the first time, an improvement in locomotive function in aged wild-type nematodes is described following DHA-TG treatment. Full article
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