Novel Extended Surface Electrocatalysts

A special issue of Catalysts (ISSN 2073-4344). This special issue belongs to the section "Electrocatalysis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2020) | Viewed by 6767

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Guest Editor
National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, USA
Interests: electrocatalysis; advanced electrodes; ex and in situ protocol development

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Guest Editor
College of Engineering, University of Delware, Newark, DE, USA
Interests: electrochemical energy engineering; energy conversion and storage; fuel cells; electrolyzers; flow batteries; electrochemistry; electrocatalysis; polymer electrolytes; electrochemical interfaces; zeolites and covalent organic frameworks

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Guest Editor
National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, USA
Interests: advanced electrodes and electrocatalysts; novel membranes
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Electrocatalysis can be used in a large number of reactions for a variety of industrial processes and emerging technologies. For energy-related applications in particular, catalysis and catalyst development are critical as enabling elements in these technologies and to improve commercial implementation. Nanostructured and extended surface catalysts can be used to improve reaction kinetics, efficiency, and component cost by focusing on site quality and have been used in the development of materials for fuel cells, electrolyzers, metal–air batteries, and fuel and chemical synthesis, including ammonia production and carbon dioxide reduction.

Nanostructured and extended surface catalysts can provide benefits to electrocatalysis beyond nanoparticles. Often, this class of material produces site-specific activities an order of magnitude greater than conventional catalysts. Improved kinetics has been accomplished by tuning surface structure, including the purposeful inclusion of facets, or nanostructures avoiding less active or stable surfaces. Activity improvements have also been achieved by incorporating additional components and altering binding through alloying effects and altering lattice parameters, and facilitating intermediate adsorption/desorption with species at or near the surface. Additionally, this class of material in cases has shown the ability to improve catalyst durability, where nanostructures have slowed loss due to aggregation and agglomeration, and where structure modification has slowed loss due to catalyst or support dissolution.

As nanostructures have become increasingly vital in catalyst development strategies, this Special Issue is focused on “Novel Nanostructures and Extended Surface Electrocatalysts”. Several aspects of nanomaterial development are of primary importance to this Special Issue and include the synthesis and characterization of extended surfaces and nanostructures. Fundamental studies related to strategies for improve activity or durability, including surface structure and alloying, and studies related to the mechanism for improvement are also of critical importance.

Dr. Shaun Alia
Dr. Yushan Yan
Dr. Bryan Pivovar
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • extended surfaces
  • catalysis
  • electrochemistry

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 4505 KiB  
Article
The Characterisation of Electrodeposited MoS2 Thin Films on a Foam-Based Electrode for Hydrogen Evolution
by Ramunas Levinas, Natalia Tsyntsaru and Henrikas Cesiulis
Catalysts 2020, 10(10), 1182; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal10101182 - 14 Oct 2020
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3659
Abstract
Molybdenum sulphide is an emerging precious-metal-free catalyst for cathodic water splitting. As its active sites catalyse the Volmer hydrogen adsorption step, it is particularly active in acidic media. This study focused on the electrochemical deposition of MoS2 on copper foam electrodes and [...] Read more.
Molybdenum sulphide is an emerging precious-metal-free catalyst for cathodic water splitting. As its active sites catalyse the Volmer hydrogen adsorption step, it is particularly active in acidic media. This study focused on the electrochemical deposition of MoS2 on copper foam electrodes and the characterisation of their electrocatalytic properties. In addition, the electrodeposition was modified by adding a reducing agent—sodium hypophosphite—to the electrolyte. To reveal the role of hypophosphite, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis was carried out in addition to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). MoS2 films, electrodeposited at various charges passed through the cell (catalyst loadings), were tested for their catalytic activity towards hydrogen evolution in 0.5 M H2SO4. Polarisation curves and Tafel slope analysis revealed that the electrodeposited MoS2 films are highly active. Namely, Tafel slopes fell within the 40–50 mV dec−1 range. The behaviour of as-deposited films was also evaluated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy over a wide overpotential range (0 to −0.3 V), and two clear time constants were distinguished. Through equivalent electrical circuit analysis, the experimental data were fitted to the appropriate model, and the obtained values of the circuit components were examined as a function of overpotential. It was found that the addition of NaH2PO2 into the electrodeposition solution affects the intrinsic activity of the material. Finally, a method is proposed to approximate the number of active sites from impedance data. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Extended Surface Electrocatalysts)
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11 pages, 1527 KiB  
Article
Electrochemical Studies of Pd-Based Anode Catalysts in Alkaline Medium for Direct Glycerol Fuel Cells
by Lutho Klaas, Mmalewane Modibedi, Mkhulu Mathe, Huaneng Su and Lindiwe Khotseng
Catalysts 2020, 10(9), 968; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal10090968 - 26 Aug 2020
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 2706
Abstract
This study investigates the most effective electrocatalyst for glycerol oxidation reaction (GOR) in alkaline medium for five synthesized electrocatalysts, Pd, PdNi, PdNiO, PdMn3O4 and PdMn3O4NiO, supported on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) prepared using the polyol method. [...] Read more.
This study investigates the most effective electrocatalyst for glycerol oxidation reaction (GOR) in alkaline medium for five synthesized electrocatalysts, Pd, PdNi, PdNiO, PdMn3O4 and PdMn3O4NiO, supported on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) prepared using the polyol method. The particle size and crystalline size of the electrocatalysts were determined using HR-TEM and XRD techniques, respectively, while EDS was used to determine the elemental composition. XRD showed crystalline sizes ranging from 3.4 to 10.1 nm, while HR-TEM revealed particle sizes within the range of 3.4 and 7.2 nm. The electroactivity, electron kinetics and stability of the electrocatalysts towards glycerol in alkaline medium was evaluated using linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and chronoamperometry (CA), respectively, while the electroactive surface area (ECSA) of the electrocatalysts was determined using cyclic voltammetry (CV). The metal oxide-based Pd electrocatalysts PdNiO and PdMn3O4 were the most electrochemically active, while the addition of the second metal oxide to the Pd electrocatalyst PdMn3O4NiO did not show any improvement. This was associated with this electrocatalyst having the highest particle and crystalline sizes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Extended Surface Electrocatalysts)
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