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Multi-Performance Analysis of Concrete from Life Cycle Perspective

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A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Civil Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 May 2023) | Viewed by 8072

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Prof. Dr. Taegyu Lee

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Guest Editor

Department of Fire and Disaster Prevention, Semyung University, 65 Semyung-ro, Jecheon-si 27136, Korea
Interests: high perfomance concrete; early strength concrete; fire resistance; perfomance based design; construction safety; none destructive assessment

Prof. Dr. Jaewook Jeong

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Guest Editor

Department of Safety Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology (SeoulTech), Seoul, Republic of Korea
Interests: construction safety; design for safety; risk assessment; off-site construction; prefabrication; smart construction; accident investigation; construction engineering and management
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Prof. Dr. Jaehyun Lee

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Guest Editor

Department of Safety Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology (SeoulTech), 232 Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Korea
Interests: construction safety; design for safety; accident probability; accident loss cost; smart safety management; material engineering and management
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Concrete structures continuously deteriorate due to various causes. This phenomenon is directly related to the life cycle of concrete. Therefore, in order to maximize the life cycle of a concrete structure, it is necessary to study the Fatigue Model, Performance and Damage Assessment of Concrete, according to the type of material used, the formulation, and the surrounding conditions during maintenance. This Special Issue aims to publish papers related to building sustainable concrete structures.

Prof. Dr. Taegyu Lee
Prof. Dr. Jaewook Jeong
Prof. Dr. Jaehyun Lee
Guest Editors

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Keywords

concrete
model
fatigue
performance
damage
assessment
maintenance

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 5116 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Corrosion Effects on the Mechanical Properties of Spun Pile Materials

by Afif Navir Refani and Takashi Nagao

Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(3), 1507; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13031507 - 23 Jan 2023

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1622

Abstract

Prestressed concrete piles with closed-ended circular hollow sections (spun piles) are sometimes used as foundations for pile-supported wharves. Due to a reduction in the rebar area, concrete compressive strength, yield strength of PC-bar, and bond strength between PC-bar and concrete, corrosion attacks typically lower the performance of spun piles in the marine environment. A comprehensive analysis of the corrosion effect on the mechanical properties of the spun pile materials is crucial to assess the performance of corroded spun plies. Using a three-dimensional finite element analysis (FEA), this study aimed to evaluate the impact of corrosion on the mechanical properties of the material used in spun pile construction. We simulated the effect of nonuniformly distributed corrosion products using a volumetric strain expansion over 0–75 years. The FEA results provided the stress–strain relationship of the corroded spun pile materials and the bond–slip relationship between the corroded PC-bar and concrete. We proposed equations for predicting the deterioration degree of the mechanical properties of corroded spun pile materials and compared them to those presented in previous studies. It was shown that the compressive strength of the corroded cover concrete decreased significantly after the corrosion degree reached 12%, which the previous research had not expected. The bond strength reduction was inverse exponential against the elapsed years after the corrosion degree reached 1.3%. Moreover, the yield strength of PC-bars decreased linearly with the increase in the corrosion degree. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multi-Performance Analysis of Concrete from Life Cycle Perspective)

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12 pages, 7580 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Carbonation Resistance of Mortar Mixed with Electrolysis Alkaline Aqueous Solution and Blast Furnace Slag

by Sumi Jeong, Jusung Kim, Hojin Kim and Sungyu Park

Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(2), 900; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13020900 - 9 Jan 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1069

Abstract

Cement production is the primary source of global CO₂ emissions in the construction industry. Blast furnace slag (BFS) has been examined as a potential substitute for cement to reduce CO₂ emissions. In addition, this substitution increases the long-term strength and improves the chemical resistance of mortar. However, a glassy film is formed on the surface of BFS while it is generated as a byproduct, lowering the initial strength of mortar. Notably, this film is destroyed in an alkaline environment. Thus, several studies have used solutions with various alkali activators. However, alkali activators are unsafe, as they are strong alkaline materials, and have low economic efficiency. This study experimentally improved the initial hydration reactivity of a mortar containing BFS as a substitute for cement, thereby improving its initial strength. We observed an increase in carbonation resistance. In addition, this study focused on evaluating the compressive strength and carbonation resistance of mortar prepared using BFS and alkaline water obtained from the electrolysis of a K₂CO₃ electrolyte. Results show that alkali-activated mortar using an electrolyzed alkaline aqueous solution has higher strength and contains more hydration products than that using conventional mixing water. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multi-Performance Analysis of Concrete from Life Cycle Perspective)

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22 pages, 5437 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Investigation with Non-Destructive and Destructive Methods for Assessment of Concrete Compressive Strength

by Ivan Ivanchev

Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(23), 12172; https://doi.org/10.3390/app122312172 - 28 Nov 2022

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2030

Abstract

Determining the compressive strength of concrete is important in all phases of construction and in diagnosing the technical condition of existing reinforced concrete buildings and facilities during their service. In this article, the author presents the experimental results from research conducted over 6 years. The following non-destructive methods were used in the tests—elastic rebound, ultrasonic, SonReb and destructive methods, and the results of the latter were used as a reference. The tests were carried out on specimens prepared on the day of laying the concrete mix in the reinforced concrete beams or cores taken from the beams. The results of the determination of the probabilistic compressive strength using the different methods at concrete ages of 28, 244, 280, 293, 342, 1126 and 1926 days, are presented. The relative error, predicted strength and accuracy were determined and compared. Isocurves were drawn to determine the compressive strength for each point of a reinforced concrete structure based only on measurements obtained using non-destructive methods. The results obtained via SonReb and via the method assessing ultrasonic pulse velocity and its relationship to the dynamic and static modulus of elasticity were the closest to the reference compressive strength values. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multi-Performance Analysis of Concrete from Life Cycle Perspective)

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12 pages, 5484 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Bond Strength Properties of GFRP and CFRP according to Concrete Strength

by Jusung Kim, Sumi Jeong, Hojin Kim, Youngjin Kim and Sungyu Park

Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(20), 10611; https://doi.org/10.3390/app122010611 - 20 Oct 2022

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1489

Abstract

Reinforced concrete is the most commonly used material in the construction industry. However, one disadvantage of reinforced concrete is that environmental factors cause materials to penetrate the concrete and cause steel bar corrosion. Rebar corrosion increases its volume significantly by approximately 3–6 times, which lowers concrete–rebar adhesion. This severely affects the serviceability and durability of concrete structures. The economic and social impacts of such deterioration are extremely large. To reduce corrosion, glass fiber-reinforced plastics (GFRP) and carbon fiber-reinforced plastics (CFRP) can be applied to concrete. The rebar–concrete bond strength is an important factor to be considered while applying GFRP and CFRP. Thus, we experimentally investigated the adhesion strength of GFRP and CFRP in relation to the strength of concrete and water–cement ratio according to ASTM C 234 to correlate the data for the development of GFRP and CFRP as substitutes for deformed reinforcing bars. The results showed that a lower water–cement ratio yielded higher compressive strength and bond strength; the bond strength of GFRP was approximately 23% lower than that of CFRP. The coating of the rebar surface required for GFRP and CFRP application in reinforced concrete structures ought to be investigated in the future. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multi-Performance Analysis of Concrete from Life Cycle Perspective)

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15 pages, 24632 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Study on Correlation between Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Method and Coarse Aggregate for Estimating Residual Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete Exposed to High Temperatures

by Wonchang Kim, Keesin Jeong, Taegyu Lee and Sungyu Park

Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(13), 6644; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12136644 - 30 Jun 2022

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1213

Abstract

In this study, the mechanical properties of normal concrete (NC) and lightweight concrete (LC) were measured upon exposure to high temperatures (20, 100, 200, 300, 500, and 700 °C). Then, analysis was conducted to predict the residual modulus of elasticity through ultrasonic pulse velocity. Crushed granite aggregate was mixed as the coarse aggregate for NC and coal-ash aggregate for LC. The effect of the water-to-binder (W/B) ratio (0.41, 0.33, and 0.28) on the mechanical properties (residual compressive strength, residual ultrasonic pulse velocity, residual modulus of elasticity, and stress–strain) of concrete was determined. The residual compressive strength, residual ultrasonic pulse velocity, and residual modulus of elasticity were higher for LC compared to NC. The correlation between the ultrasonic pulse velocity and residual modulus of elasticity was also analyzed, which yielded a high correlation coefficient (R²) at all levels. Finally, equations for predicting the residual modulus of elasticity using ultrasonic pulse velocity with R² values of 0.94 and 0.91 were proposed for NC and LC, respectively. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multi-Performance Analysis of Concrete from Life Cycle Perspective)

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