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Toxics
Special Issues
Human Exposure to Chemicals in Consumer Products
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Human Exposure to Chemicals in Consumer Products

A special issue of Toxics (ISSN 2305-6304). This special issue belongs to the section "Exposome Analysis and Risk Assessment".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2024 | Viewed by 1525

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Jiping Zhu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Exposure and Biomonitoring Division, Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, University of Toronto, Ottawa, ON, Canada
Interests: indoor air quality; volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds; human exposure; environmental pollutants; chemical emissions
Dr. Élyse Caron-Beaudoin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Health and Society, University of Toronto, Scarborough (UTSC), Toronto, Canada
Interests: toxicology; public, environmental and Indigenous health; community-based and EcoHealth research; molecular biology; exposure assessment and epidemiolog

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Chemicals, especially human-made ones, are widely used in consumer products, which improve the quality of life in modern society. The wide use of chemicals, however, leads to human exposure to these chemicals, with some of them being toxic or potentially having negative health consequences on humans and environment. This Special Issue is devoted to research on consumer products related to chemicals including solvents, pesticides, plasticizers and flame retardants. The research topics include, but are not limited to, the following: (1) identification and monitoring of the chemicals in consumer chemicals or in humans and indoor environment resulting from use of consumer products including both measurement methodology and generation of baseline levels of concentration; (2) investigation of the fate of these chemicals including their transformation products in humans and in the environment such as ozone or photo initiated reactions of these chemicals as well as enzyme induced transformation; and (3) estimation of human exposure to these chemicals through inhalation, ingestion or dermal adsorption under defined conditions that consider quantity and length of exposure to these chemicals. Research reporting the toxicities or health consequences of these chemicals are outside of the scope of this Special Issue.

Dr. Jiping Zhu
Dr. Élyse Caron-Beaudoin
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Toxics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • consumer products
  • human exposure
  • chemicals
  • human-made
  • biomonitoring
  • indoor air
  • concentration
  • environment
  • measurement
  • method

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 1037 KiB  
Article
Migration of Melamine and Its Derivatives from Melamine/Bamboo/Wheat Straw-Made Tableware Purchased from Internet Markets or Retail Shops in China
by Shaojie Liu, Yifei Wang, Zhanren Liu, Zhiping Yang, Liang Chen and Bo Chen
Toxics 2024, 12(2), 143; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics12020143 - 9 Feb 2024
Viewed by 1291
Abstract
Objectives: The ecofriendly and sustainable concept of bamboo- and wheat straw-made tableware has gained attention in recent years. However, it is necessary to note that these kinds of tableware are composed of melamine (MEL)–formaldehyde resin with the addition of bamboo fibers or wheat [...] Read more.
Objectives: The ecofriendly and sustainable concept of bamboo- and wheat straw-made tableware has gained attention in recent years. However, it is necessary to note that these kinds of tableware are composed of melamine (MEL)–formaldehyde resin with the addition of bamboo fibers or wheat straw. This study aims to explore the potential migration of MEL and its derivatives from the tableware and conduct a risk assessment. Methods: The study involved 46 bowls or cups purchased from Internet markets or retail shops in China, whose raw materials included MEL, bamboo, and wheat straw. There were four pieces of glass- or ceramic-made tableware used as the control group. Migration testing was performed according to the test conditions selected from the European Union Reference Laboratory for Food Contact Materials. Considering the realistic worst-case scenario, we measured the concentrations of MEL and its derivatives in food simulants using ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry and estimated the exposure risks for adults and 1-year-old infants. Results: MEL and its derivatives could migrate from MEL-, bamboo-, and wheat straw-made tableware with varying concentrations. The total migration was ranked as follows: bamboo-made tableware > MEL-made tableware > wheat straw-made tableware > glass- or ceramic-made tableware (p < 0.001). The primary contributor to the total concentration for MEL- and bamboo-made tableware was MEL, whereas cyanuric acid (CYA) was the main contributor for wheat straw-made tableware. Based on the total concentration of MEL and its derivatives and the strictest TDI value, the proportions of the calculated hazard quotient ≥1 for MEL-, bamboo-, and wheat straw-made tableware in adults were 53.50%, 92.30%, and 1.90%; and the proportions in 1-year-old infants increased to 86.00%, 100.00%, and 7.40%. Conclusion: The utilization of MEL-, bamboo-, and wheat straw-made tableware could be regarded as a significant source of human exposure to MEL and its derivatives. It is advisable for both adults and infants to refrain from using tableware manufactured with MEL and bamboo fiber, as it may increase the susceptibility to MEL-related diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Human Exposure to Chemicals in Consumer Products)
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