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Processes
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Process Design and Control of Sustainable Energy Systems
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Process Design and Control of Sustainable Energy Systems

A special issue of Processes (ISSN 2227-9717). This special issue belongs to the section "Energy Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 October 2023) | Viewed by 9207

Special Issue Editors

Dr. José Guillermo Rosas Mayoral

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electrical and Systems and Automation Engineering, University of León, 24007 León, Spain
Interests: energy conservation; pyrolysis; renewable energies; energy storage; life cycle assessment; hydrogen
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Rubén González González

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electrical and Systems and Automation Engineering, University of León, 24007 León, Spain
Interests: energy conservation; renewable energies; bio-methane; hydrogen; energy storage

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Sustainable energy systems are a key factor for rational use of the available resources that we, as a civilization, have. In addition, the integration of renewable energy systems is essential to achieve an energy transition of zero emissions. Sustainable energy systems are diverse in nature, covering a large number of processes, including energy conversion, cooling/heating, and even several chemical reactions. Sustainable energy involves diverse engineering disciplines, from thermodynamics and fluid mechanics to electromagnetics and chemistry. Because of this, the Special Issue on "Process Design and Control of Sustainable Energy Systems" seeks to conglomerate novel high-quality works related to the design and control of sustainable energy systems.

Topics include but are not limited to:

  • Integrated multigeneration systems
  • Renewable energies
  • District energy systems
  • Energy storage
  • Hydrogen and fuel cell systems

Dr. José Guillermo Rosas Mayoral
Dr. Rubén González González
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Processes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • sustainable
  • integration of multigeneration
  • renewable energy
  • design
  • control, storage
  • hydrogen

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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28 pages, 1755 KiB  
Article
Synergies between Lean and Industry 4.0 for Enhanced Maintenance Management in Sustainable Operations: A Model Proposal
by David Mendes, Pedro D. Gaspar, Fernando Charrua-Santos and Helena Navas
Processes 2023, 11(9), 2691; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11092691 - 8 Sep 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1929
Abstract
Companies actively seek innovative tools and methodologies to enhance operations and meet customer demands. Maintenance plays a crucial role in achieving such objectives. This study identifies existing models that combine Lean Philosophy and Industry 4.0 principles to enhance decision-making and activities related to [...] Read more.
Companies actively seek innovative tools and methodologies to enhance operations and meet customer demands. Maintenance plays a crucial role in achieving such objectives. This study identifies existing models that combine Lean Philosophy and Industry 4.0 principles to enhance decision-making and activities related to maintenance management. A comprehensive literature review on key concepts of Lean Philosophy and Industry 4.0, as well as an in-depth analysis of existing models that integrate these principles, is performed. An innovative model based on the synergies between Lean Philosophy and Industry 4.0, named the Maintenance Management in Sustainable Operations (MMSO) model, is proposed. A pilot test of the application of the MMSO model on a conveyor belt led to an operational time increase from 82.3% to 87.7%, indicating a notable 6.6% improvement. The MMSO model significantly enhanced maintenance management, facilitating the collection, processing, and visualization of data via internet-connected devices. Through this integration, various benefits are achieved, including improved flexibility, efficiency, and effectiveness in addressing market needs. This study highlights the value of integrating Lean Philosophy and Industry 4.0 principles to improve maintenance management practices. The proposed MMSO model effectively leverages these principles, fostering agility, optimized resource utilization, heightened productivity and quality, and reduced energy consumption. The model not only serves as a tool for operational optimization and customer demand enhancement but also aligns with sustainability principles within the energy transition. Its successful application in the pilot test phase further reinforces its potential as a reliable approach for maintenance management and sustainable operations in both production and decision-making processes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Process Design and Control of Sustainable Energy Systems)
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30 pages, 5517 KiB  
Article
Dynamical Simulation, Sensitivity, and Productivity Analysis of a Light-Photoacclimation Model for Microalgae-Based Carbohydrate Production in Continuous Photobioreactors
by Abraham Guzmán-Palomino, Luciano Aguilera-Vázquez, Héctor Hernández-Escoto, Pedro Martin García-Vite and Ana Lidia Martínez-Salazar
Processes 2023, 11(7), 1866; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11071866 - 21 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1052
Abstract
The world’s human population is increasing as is the demand for new sustainable sources of energy. Accordingly, microalgae-based carbohydrates for biofuel production are being considered as an alternative source of raw materials for producing biofuels. Microalgae grow in photobioreactors under constantly changing conditions. [...] Read more.
The world’s human population is increasing as is the demand for new sustainable sources of energy. Accordingly, microalgae-based carbohydrates for biofuel production are being considered as an alternative source of raw materials for producing biofuels. Microalgae grow in photobioreactors under constantly changing conditions. Models improve our understanding of microalgae growth. In this paper, a photoacclimated model for continuous microalgae cultures in photobioreactors was used to study the time-varying behavior and sensitivity of solutions under optimal productivity conditions. From the perspective of dynamic simulation in this work, light intensity was found to play an influential role in modifying metabolic pathways as a cell stressor. Enhancing carbohydrate productivity by combining nutritional deficiency and light intensity regulation modeling strategies could be helpful to optimize the process for the highest yield in large-scale cultivation systems. Under the proposed simulation conditions, a maximum carbohydrate productivity of 48.11 gCm−3d−1 was achieved using an optimal dilution rate of 0.2625 d−1 and 350 μmolm−2s−1 of light intensity. However, it is important to note that, a particular set of manipulated inputs can generate multiple outputs at a steady state. A numerical solution of the sensitivity functions indicated that the model outputs were especially sensitive to changes in parameters corresponding to a minimum nitrogen quota, maximum nitrogen intake rate, dilution rate, and maximum nitrogen quota compared to to other model parameters. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Process Design and Control of Sustainable Energy Systems)
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20 pages, 1921 KiB  
Article
An Analysis of Renewable Energy Sources for Developing a Sustainable and Low-Carbon Hydrogen Economy in China
by Runkun Liu and Yasir Ahmed Solangi
Processes 2023, 11(4), 1225; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11041225 - 15 Apr 2023
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 1782
Abstract
A significant effort is required to reduce China’s dependency on fossil fuels while also supporting worldwide efforts to reduce climate change and develop hydrogen energy systems. A hydrogen economy must include renewable energy sources (RESs), which can offer a clean and sustainable energy [...] Read more.
A significant effort is required to reduce China’s dependency on fossil fuels while also supporting worldwide efforts to reduce climate change and develop hydrogen energy systems. A hydrogen economy must include renewable energy sources (RESs), which can offer a clean and sustainable energy source for producing hydrogen. This study uses an integrated fuzzy AHP–fuzzy TOPSIS method to evaluate and rank renewable energy sources for developing a hydrogen economy in China. This is a novel approach because it can capture the uncertainty and vagueness in the decision-making process and provide a comprehensive and robust evaluation of the alternatives. Moreover, it considers multiple criteria and sub-criteria that reflect the environmental, economic, technical, social, and political aspects of RESs from the perspective of a hydrogen economy. This study identified five major criteria, fifteen sub-criteria, and six RES alternatives for hydrogen production. This integrated approach uses fuzzy AHP to evaluate and rank the criteria and sub-criteria and fuzzy TOPSIS to identify the most suitable and feasible RES. The results show that environmental, economic, and technical criteria are the most important criteria. Solar, wind, and hydropower are the top three RES alternatives that are most suitable and feasible. Furthermore, biomass, geothermal, and tidal energy were ranked lower, which might be due to the limitations and challenges in their adoption and performance in the context of the criteria and sub-criteria used for the analysis. This study’s findings add to the literature on guidelines to strategize for renewable energy adoption for the hydrogen economy in China. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Process Design and Control of Sustainable Energy Systems)
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Review

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33 pages, 2892 KiB  
Review
Advances in Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Sustainable and Renewable Energy: Working Mechanism, Tribo-Surface Structure, Energy Storage-Collection System, and Applications
by Van-Long Trinh and Chen-Kuei Chung
Processes 2023, 11(9), 2796; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11092796 - 20 Sep 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3353
Abstract
Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are emerging as a form of sustainable and renewable technology for harvesting wasted mechanical energy in nature, such as motion, waves, wind, and vibrations. TENG devices generate electricity through the cyclic working principle of contact and separation of tribo-material couples. [...] Read more.
Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are emerging as a form of sustainable and renewable technology for harvesting wasted mechanical energy in nature, such as motion, waves, wind, and vibrations. TENG devices generate electricity through the cyclic working principle of contact and separation of tribo-material couples. This technology is used in outstanding applications in energy generation, human care, medicinal, biomedical, and industrial applications. TENG devices can be applied in many practical applications, such as portable power, self-powered sensors, electronics, and electric consumption devices. With TENG energy technologies, significant energy issues can be reduced or even solved in the near future, such as reducing gas emissions, increasing environmental protection, and improving human health. The performance of TENGs can be enhanced by utilizing materials with a significant contrast in their triboelectrical characteristics or by implementing advanced structural designs. This review comprehensively examines the recent advancements in TENG technologies for harnessing mechanical waste energy sources, with a primary focus on their sustainability and renewable energy attributes. It also delves into topics such as optimizing tribo-surface structures to enhance output performance, implementing energy storage systems to ensure stable operation and prolonged usage, exploring energy collection systems for efficient management of harvested energy, and highlighting practical applications of TENG in various contexts. The results indicate that TENG technologies have the potential to be widely applied in sustainable energy generation, renewable energy, industry, and human care in the near future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Process Design and Control of Sustainable Energy Systems)
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