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Photonics
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Laser Ablation: From Fundamental Science to Applications
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Laser Ablation: From Fundamental Science to Applications

A special issue of Photonics (ISSN 2304-6732). This special issue belongs to the section "Lasers, Light Sources and Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 September 2022) | Viewed by 11259

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Erik Wagenaars

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Physics, York Plasma Institute, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
Interests: laser ablation; plasma science; Pulsed Laser Deposition; plasma technology; laser diagnostics; plasma modelling; extreme ultraviolet lasers

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Laser ablation has been an active research field for some time, resulting not only in an improved understanding of the underpinning physics but, importantly, also in the development of multiple applications in a wide range of fields, from engineering to physics and from chemistry to biology and medicine. This Special Issue intends to display the highlights from this broad research field to a multidisciplinary audience by presenting some of the recent advances. Both original research papers and review articles describing state-of-the-art innovations in this research field are welcome.

Topics of interest include but are not limited to the following areas:
- Fundamentals of laser–material interactions (solid, liquid, and gas)
- Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
- Laser surgery, laser scalpels
- Pulsed laser deposition
- Laser cutting, engraving, cleaning
- Ultrafast laser ablation
- Laser printing, 3D printing, laser-induced forward transfer
- Laser-based photon sources
- Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry
- Surface micro/nanostructuring


Dr. Erik Wagenaars
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Photonics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • laser ablation
  • laser–matter interaction
  • laser-based diagnostics
  • material processing
  • thin film
  • laser-based photon sources
  • laser surgery
  • laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
  • matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry
  • laser printing

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 510 KiB  
Article
Modelling of Plasma Temperatures and Densities in Laser Ablation Plumes of Different Metals
by Matthew Hill and Erik Wagenaars
Photonics 2022, 9(12), 937; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics9120937 - 4 Dec 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1677
Abstract
Laser ablation has many uses in industry, including laser drilling and thin-film deposition. However, the underpinning physics of laser ablation has not been fully elucidated. In particular, the differences in the behaviour of plasma plumes ablated from different materials, and which material properties [...] Read more.
Laser ablation has many uses in industry, including laser drilling and thin-film deposition. However, the underpinning physics of laser ablation has not been fully elucidated. In particular, the differences in the behaviour of plasma plumes ablated from different materials, and which material properties are related to plume characteristics, require further study. This paper presents results from modelling the laser ablation of different photocatalytic materials using the 2D hydrodynamic laser ablation code POLLUX. The evolution of key parameters such as plasma density and temperature is investigated when the target material is changed from titanium to tantalum, zinc, copper, aluminium and gold. It was found that the atomic number of the material significantly affected the electron temperature and mass density of the subsequent plasma plume, with both parameters increasing with atomic number, whilst other parameters including the mass density, thermal conductivity and melting temperature did not affect the electron temperature or particle density of the plumes. These results provide insights for future laser ablation experiments where the aim is to change the target material, but keep the plume parameters as constant as possible. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser Ablation: From Fundamental Science to Applications)
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21 pages, 3877 KiB  
Article
Laser Cleaning Surface Roughness Estimation Using Enhanced GLCM Feature and IPSO-SVR
by Jianyue Ge, Haoting Liu, Shaohua Yang and Jinhui Lan
Photonics 2022, 9(8), 510; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics9080510 - 22 Jul 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1548
Abstract
In order to evaluate the effect of laser cleaning, a new method of workpiece surface roughness estimation is proposed. First, a Cartesian robot and visible-light camera are used to collect a large number of surface images of a workpiece after laser cleaning. Second, [...] Read more.
In order to evaluate the effect of laser cleaning, a new method of workpiece surface roughness estimation is proposed. First, a Cartesian robot and visible-light camera are used to collect a large number of surface images of a workpiece after laser cleaning. Second, various features including the Tamura coarseness, Alexnet abstract depth, single blind/referenceless image spatial quality evaluator (BRISQUE), and enhanced gray level co-occurrence matrix (EGLCM) are computed from the images above. Third, the improved particle swarm optimization (IPSO) is used to improve the training parameters of support vector regression (SVR). The learning factor of SVR adopts the strategy of dynamic nonlinear asynchronous adaptive adjustment to improve its optimization-processing ability. Finally, both the image features and the IPSO-SVR are considered for the surface roughness estimation. Extensive experiment results show that the accuracy of the IPSO-SVR surface roughness estimation model can reach 92.0%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser Ablation: From Fundamental Science to Applications)
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10 pages, 1475 KiB  
Article
Silver Nanoparticles under Nanosecond Pulsed Laser Excitation as an Intensity Sensitive Saturable Absorption to Reverse Saturable Absorption Switching Material
by Edappadikkunnummal Shiju, Kaniyarakkal Sharafudeen, T. M. Remya, N. K. Siji Narendran, Palengara Sudheesh and Vijayakumar Sadasivan Nair
Photonics 2021, 8(10), 413; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics8100413 - 28 Sep 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2220
Abstract
Optical nonlinearity involved switching draws an important consideration in nonlinear optical studies. Based on that, we explored nonlinear absorption processes in silver nanoparticles synthesized by liquid phase laser ablation technique employing a second harmonic wavelength (532 nm) of Q switched Nd:YAG laser pulses [...] Read more.
Optical nonlinearity involved switching draws an important consideration in nonlinear optical studies. Based on that, we explored nonlinear absorption processes in silver nanoparticles synthesized by liquid phase laser ablation technique employing a second harmonic wavelength (532 nm) of Q switched Nd:YAG laser pulses with 7 ns pulse width and 10 Hz repetition rates. The typical surface plasmon resonance induced absorption (~418 nm) confirmed the formation of Ag NPs. The Z-scan technique was used to study the nonlinear optical processes, employing the same laser system used for ablation. Our study reveals that there is an occurrence of a saturable to reverse saturable absorption switching activity in the Ag nanoparticles, which is strongly on-axis input intensity dependent as well. The closed aperture Z-scan analysis revealed the self-defocusing nature of the sample. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser Ablation: From Fundamental Science to Applications)
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11 pages, 5103 KiB  
Article
Suppression of Bottom Porosity in Fiber Laser Butt Welding of Stainless Steel
by Xiaobing Pang, Jiahui Dai, Mingjun Zhang and Yan Zhang
Photonics 2021, 8(9), 359; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics8090359 - 28 Aug 2021
Viewed by 1977
Abstract
The application bottleneck of laser welding is being gradually highlighted due to a high prevalence of porosity. Although laser welding technology has been well applied in fields such as vehicle body manufacturing, the suppression of weld porosity in the laser welding of stainless [...] Read more.
The application bottleneck of laser welding is being gradually highlighted due to a high prevalence of porosity. Although laser welding technology has been well applied in fields such as vehicle body manufacturing, the suppression of weld porosity in the laser welding of stainless steel containers in the pharmaceutical industry is still challenging. The suppression of bottom porosity was investigated by applying ultrasonic vibration, changing welding positions and optimizing shielding gas in this paper. The results indicate that bottom porosities can be suppressed through application of ultrasonic vibration at an appropriate power. The keyhole in ultrasound-assisted laser welding is easier to penetrate, with better stability. No obvious bulge at the keyhole rear wall is found in vertical down welding, and the keyhole is much more stable than that in flat welding, thus eliminating bottom porosity. The top and bottom shielding gases achieve the minimal total porosities, without bottom porosity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser Ablation: From Fundamental Science to Applications)
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17 pages, 7439 KiB  
Article
Imaging Feature Analysis-Based Intelligent Laser Cleaning Using Metal Color Difference and Dynamic Weight Dispatch Corrosion Texture
by Jiacheng Li, Haoting Liu, Limin Shi and Jinhui Lan
Photonics 2020, 7(4), 130; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics7040130 - 11 Dec 2020
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2714
Abstract
To improve the laser cleaning efficiency of Q235 carbon steel, an imaging analysis-based intelligent technique is proposed. Both offline and online computations are designed. Regarding the offline procedure, first, the corrosion images are accumulated to compute the gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) and the [...] Read more.
To improve the laser cleaning efficiency of Q235 carbon steel, an imaging analysis-based intelligent technique is proposed. Both offline and online computations are designed. Regarding the offline procedure, first, the corrosion images are accumulated to compute the gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) and the concave-convex region features. Second, different laser cleanings are performed to obtain various cleaned images. Third, a new cleaning performance evaluation method is developed: a metal color difference feature and a dynamic weight dispatch (DWD) corrosion texture are computed. Finally, a particle swarm optimization (PSO)-support vector machine (SVM) is utilized to forecast the laser process parameters. The corresponding laser parameters include power, linear velocity, and line spacing. For the online computation, after the GLCM and the concave-convex region features are computed, an iterative computation is used to tune the process parameters: the random laser parameters are generated constantly, and the iteration is performed and terminated only if the PSO-SVM output is positive. The experimental results have shown that the cleaning efficiency of this method can be improved, and the qualified rate is 92.5%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser Ablation: From Fundamental Science to Applications)
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