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Advances in Nanolime and Other Nanomaterials for Built Heritage Conservation
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Advances in Nanolime and Other Nanomaterials for Built Heritage Conservation

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 November 2023) | Viewed by 4768

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Jorge Otero

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Art Conservation, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
Interests: binders; construction building materials; historic mortars; heritage conservation; nanolime; deterioration; inorganic porous building materials; monument repair
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Luis Monasterio-Guillot

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Mineralogy and Petrology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
2. Department of Geochemistry, Université Grenoble Alpes, ISTerre, 38000 Grenoble, France
Interests: nanolime; cement; concrete; C-S-H; carbonation; medical geology; crystallography; silicate carbonation; crystal desease
Dr. Giovanni Borsoi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Building Department, National Laboratory for Civil Engineering, Lisboa, Portugal
Interests: nanolime; built environment; conservation; protection

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Machu Picchu, Petra, Angkor, Copán, Taj Mahal or the Easter Island heads, among many other monuments with irreplaceable cultural heritage significance, are currently eroding at a noticeable rate. This is leading to a constant loss of structures’ cultural, artistic, and economic value. This rapid deterioration is being exacerbated by our lack of understanding of adequate remedial strategies aiming to preserve these historical sites. Many attempts are currently being made by scientists worldwide toward the improvement of conservation actions, focusing mostly on the consolidation and cleaning actions of these substrates. Within this context, innovative methods, including the use of novel nanomaterial products, are being investigated as consolidant agents and/or protective coatings inducing structures’ self-cleaning, insulation, air-purifying or solar protection properties.

This Special Issue welcomes contributions that address research and practical advances in: i) novel synthesis and manufacturing process of nanoparticles; ii) chemical, microstructural and structural characterization of nanoparticles; iii) evaluation of the cleaning or consolidation effectiveness; iv) product application methods; v) assessment of the long-term characteristics and durability of treated structures; and vi) remarkable case studies.

This Special Issue will focus on papers with a broad interest based upon the novelty and quality of the results and the potential application of the findings to the built heritage community and their conservation practitioners.

Dr. Jorge Otero
Dr. Luis Monasterio-Guillot
Dr. Giovanni Borsoi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nanolime
  • titanium dioxide nanoparticles
  • silicon dioxide nanoparticles
  • hydroxyapatite
  • strontium hydroxide nanoparticles
  • calcium oxalate-silica nanocomposites
  • synthesis
  • nanoparticles
  • application
  • consolidation
  • protection
  • durability
  • photocatalytic coatings
  • self-cleaning coatings
  • anti-microbial coatings
  • UV-light protection coatings
  • treatment effectiveness
  • stone
  • built heritage
  • historic materials
  • heritage science
  • binders
  • mortars
  • renders
  • compatibility
  • conservation
  • case studies

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Editorial

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2 pages, 182 KiB  
Editorial
Advances in Nanolime and Other Nanomaterials for Built Heritage Conservation
by Luis Monasterio-Guillot, Giovanni Borsoi and Jorge Otero
Materials 2023, 16(4), 1565; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16041565 - 13 Feb 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 849
Abstract
This Special Issue examines the synthesis, characterization, and manufacturing of nanoparticles and their potential advantages and applications for the conservation of built cultural heritage materials [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Nanolime and Other Nanomaterials for Built Heritage Conservation)

Research

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24 pages, 3882 KiB  
Article
Penetration Coefficients of Commercial Nanolimes and a Liquid Mineral Precursor for Pore-Imitating Test Systems—Predictability of Infiltration Behavior
by Andra-Lisa Maria Hoyt, Marc Staiger, Marcel Schweinbeck and Helmut Cölfen
Materials 2023, 16(6), 2506; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16062506 - 21 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1633
Abstract
Nanolimes have been commercially available for over a decade as a remineralization agent for natural stone to combat deterioration. While they have been applied successfully and studied extensively, their penetration abilities in different materials have not yet been readily quantifiable in situ and [...] Read more.
Nanolimes have been commercially available for over a decade as a remineralization agent for natural stone to combat deterioration. While they have been applied successfully and studied extensively, their penetration abilities in different materials have not yet been readily quantifiable in situ and in real time. Using two transparent pore-imitating test systems (acrylic glass (PMMA) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)) and light microscopy, the penetration coefficients (PCs) of two nanolimes (CaLoSiL (CLS) and Nanorestore Plus (NRP)), as well as their solvents, were determined experimentally in square channels of about 100 µm diameter. Their PCs and those for a previously published glass–resin-based test system were also predicted based on measurable material parameters or literature values using the Lucas–Washburn equation. Additionally, a liquid mineral precursor (LMP) of calcium carbonate based on complex coacervation (CC) was investigated as an alternative to the solid particle dispersions of nanolime. In general, the dispersions behaved like their pure solvents. Overall, trends could be reasonably well predicted with both literature and experimentally determined properties using the Lucas–Washburn equation. In absolute terms, the prediction of observed infiltration behavior was satisfactory for alcohols and nanolimes but deviated substantially for water and the aqueous LMP. The commercially available PMMA chips and newly designed PDMS devices were mostly superior to the previously published glass–resin-based test system, except for the long-term monitoring of material deposition. Lastly, the transfer of results from these investigated systems to a different, nontransparent mineral, calcite, yielded similar PC values independently of the original data when used as the basis for the conversion (all PC types and all material/liquid combinations except aqueous solutions in PDMS devices). This knowledge can be used to improve the targeted design of tailor-made remineralization treatments for different application cases by guiding solvent choice, and to reduce destructive sampling by providing a micromodel for pretesting, if transferability to real stone samples proves demonstrable in the future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Nanolime and Other Nanomaterials for Built Heritage Conservation)
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Other

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9 pages, 876 KiB  
Opinion
The Boom in Nanomaterials for Built Heritage Conservation: Why Does Size Matter?
by Jorge Otero, Giovanni Borsoi and Luis Monasterio-Guillot
Materials 2023, 16(8), 3277; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16083277 - 21 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1654
Abstract
There is no doubt that nanotechnology and nanoscience open new doors to new applications and products that can potentially revolutionize the practice field and how we conserve built heritage materials. However, we are living at the beginning of this era and the potential [...] Read more.
There is no doubt that nanotechnology and nanoscience open new doors to new applications and products that can potentially revolutionize the practice field and how we conserve built heritage materials. However, we are living at the beginning of this era and the potential benefits of nanotechnology to specific conservation practice needs are not always fully understood. This opinion/review paper aims to present reflections and answer a question that we are often asked when working directly with stone field conservators: why should we use a nanomaterial instead of a conventional product? Why does size matter? To answer this question, we revise the basic concepts of nanoscience with implications for the built heritage conservation field. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Nanolime and Other Nanomaterials for Built Heritage Conservation)
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