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Supercritical Processing in Polymers and Aerogels
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Supercritical Processing in Polymers and Aerogels

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2020) | Viewed by 4689

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Lucia Baldino

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
Interests: nanotechnology; liposomes; niosomes; transfersomes; aerogels; biomaterials, nanomedicine
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Supercritical fluid (SCF)-based techniques are attracting growing interest as a green alternative to traditional processes, thanks to the properties of SCFs, such as liquid-like densities and gas-like transport properties that can be tuned to varying process operative conditions (i.e., pressure and temperature). In particular, carbon dioxide (CO2) is the most frequently used supercritical fluid due to its mild critical temperature (31.1 °C), low critical pressure (73.8 bar), and inertness. Depending on the role played by supercritical CO2, different processes have been successfully used for the production of polymeric aerogels and membranes, to coprecipitate drugs with biopolymers, and to produce micro- and nanoparticles.

The aim of this Special Issue is to present research and review papers on different supercritical CO2 applications in the pharmaceutical, biomedical, food, and energy fields. Contributions dealing with the supercritical processing of polymers and the attainment of polymer/nanoparticles or polymer/drug composites in the form of aerogels, foams, and membranes, or polymeric micro- and nanoparticles are welcome.

Dr. Lucia Baldino
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • supercritical CO2
  • aerogels
  • membranes and foams
  • micro- and nanoparticle processing
  • drug delivery
  • scaffolds
  • food
  • supercapacitors
  • nanostructured
  • microporous

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 3853 KiB  
Article
Supercritical Phase Inversion: A Powerful Tool for Generating Cellulose Acetate-AgNO3 Antimicrobial Membranes
by Lucia Baldino, Stefano Cardea and Ernesto Reverchon
Materials 2020, 13(7), 1560; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13071560 - 28 Mar 2020
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1887
Abstract
Antimicrobial composite membranes, formed by cellulose acetate loaded with AgNO3 particles, were produced by supercritical phase inversion. Different cellulose acetate concentrations were tested (15%, 20%, 30%(w/w)), whereas the active agent (i.e., silver nitrate) concentration was fixed at 0.1%( [...] Read more.
Antimicrobial composite membranes, formed by cellulose acetate loaded with AgNO3 particles, were produced by supercritical phase inversion. Different cellulose acetate concentrations were tested (15%, 20%, 30%(w/w)), whereas the active agent (i.e., silver nitrate) concentration was fixed at 0.1%(w/w) with respect to the quantity of polymer used. To determine the influence of the process parameters on membranes morphology, the pressure and temperature were varied from 150 to 250 bar and from 55 to 35 °C, respectively. In all cases, regularly porous membranes were produced with a uniform AgNO3 distribution in the membrane matrix. Silver release rate depended on membrane pore size, covering a time interval from 8 to 75 h. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Supercritical Processing in Polymers and Aerogels)
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18 pages, 8065 KiB  
Article
Numerical Analysis on Heat Transfer Characteristics of Supercritical CO2 in Heated Vertical Up-Flow Tube
by Chenshuai Yan, Jinliang Xu, Bingguo Zhu and Guanglin Liu
Materials 2020, 13(3), 723; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13030723 - 5 Feb 2020
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2339
Abstract
It is great significance to understand the mechanism of heat transfer deterioration of supercritical CO2 for heat exchanger design and safe operation in the supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle. Three-dimensional steady-state numerical simulation was performed to investigate the behavior of supercritical CO [...] Read more.
It is great significance to understand the mechanism of heat transfer deterioration of supercritical CO2 for heat exchanger design and safe operation in the supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle. Three-dimensional steady-state numerical simulation was performed to investigate the behavior of supercritical CO2 heat transfer in heated vertical up-flow tube with inner diameter di = 10 mm and heated length Lh = 2000 mm. Based on the characteristics of inverted-annular film boiling at subcritical pressure, the heat transfer model of supercritical CO2 flowing in the heated vertical tube was established in this paper. The mechanisms of heat transfer deterioration (HTD) and heat transfer recovery (HTR) for supercritical CO2 were discussed. Numerical results demonstrate that HTD is affected by multiple factors, such as the thickness and property of vapor-like film near the wall, the turbulence intensity near the interface between liquid-like and vapor-like, and in the liquid-like core region as well as the distribution of radial velocity vector. Among the above factors, the change of turbulent kinetic energy caused by the buoyancy effect seems to be a more important contributor to HTD and HTR. Furthermore, the influences of heat flux and mass flux on the distribution of wall temperature were analyzed, respectively. The reasons for the difference in wall temperature at different heat fluxes and mass fluxes were explained by capturing detailed thermal physical properties and turbulence fields. The present investigation can provide valuable information for the design optimization and safe operation of a supercritical CO2 heat exchanger. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Supercritical Processing in Polymers and Aerogels)
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