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Obesity and Physical Exercises
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Obesity and Physical Exercises

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Sports Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 October 2024 | Viewed by 3644

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Monèm Jemni

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Carrick Institute of Neuroscience, Cap Canaveral, FL, USA
Interests: health and exercise science; exercise physiology; sports science

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Obesity, although slightly overshadowed by the recent COVID-19 pandemic and its subsequent consequences, is still a major health condition that affects millions of adults and children around the world. The pandemic itself has exacerbated many clinical aspects and co-morbidities associated with obesity since people were confined to their homes for months in several countries. Although life is now back to normal, there is still a long way to go in order to achieve the World Health Organisation’s target for obesity and active lifestyles across all age groups. 

Scientists are making progress in tackling obesity from different perspectives, including exercise, lifestyle management, diet, psychological and social support, and clinical treatment. This Special Issue aims to track progress within the latest research efforts in this context, with a particular emphasis on physical activity as a way to prevent, treat, and recover from obesity and overweight. 

All reviews and articles related to the clinical treatment of obesity would be welcome.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Prof. Dr. Monèm Jemni
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • obesity
  • overweight
  • physical activity
  • exercise
  • nutrition

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 1494 KiB  
Article
Differences in Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, Health-Related Physical Performance Indices and Academic Achievement: A Comparative Study of Normal-Weight and Obese Children in Qatar
by Souhail Hermassi, Sascha Ketelhut, Ferman Konukman, Mohammed Ali Ayari, Senaid Al-Marri, Nasser Al Rawahi, El Ghali Bouhafs, Claudio R. Nigg and René Schwesig
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(4), 1057; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13041057 - 13 Feb 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 912
Abstract
Background: The relationship between physical activity (PA), health-related physical performance (PP), and academic achievement (AA) plays an important role in childhood. This study examined the differences in PA, sedentary behavior, health-related PP, maturity status, and AA between normal-weight and obese school children in [...] Read more.
Background: The relationship between physical activity (PA), health-related physical performance (PP), and academic achievement (AA) plays an important role in childhood. This study examined the differences in PA, sedentary behavior, health-related PP, maturity status, and AA between normal-weight and obese school children in Qatar. Methods: Eighty schoolchildren were recruited (age: 12.1 ± 0.6 years). Based on age-specific BMI percentiles, the children were classified as normal weight (n = 40) or obese (n = 40). Moore’s equations were used to estimate their maturity status (PHV). The measurements encompassed anthropometric data as well as PP tests (medicine ball throw, postural stability, handgrip strength). AA was assessed by reviewing school records for grade point average in Mathematics, Science, and Arabic courses. The total amount of time spent participating in PA each week was calculated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form. Results: Handgrip strength was the only parameter that showed a relevant group difference (p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.15; normal weight: 19.7 ± 3.46 N; obese: 21.7 ± 2.80 N). We found only one moderate correlation between PHV and handgrip strength (r = 0.59). Conclusions: The findings suggest that obesity status alone might not serve as a sufficient predictor of AA in school or PA levels. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Obesity and Physical Exercises)
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16 pages, 947 KiB  
Article
The Impact of Intermittent Hypoxic Training on Aerobic Capacity and Biometric-Structural Indicators among Obese Women—A Pilot Study
by Małgorzata Bagińska, Anna Kałuża, Łukasz Tota, Anna Piotrowska, Marcin Maciejczyk, Dariusz Mucha, Ibrahim Ouergui, Rafał Kubacki, Olga Czerwińska-Ledwig, Dorota Ambroży, Kazimierz Witkowski and Tomasz Pałka
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(2), 380; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13020380 - 10 Jan 2024
Viewed by 884
Abstract
Background: Obesity, a common lifestyle-related condition, is correlated with factors like inadequate physical activity. Its connection to diverse health issues presents a significant challenge to healthcare. This pilot study investigated the effects of hypoxic training on aerobic capacity and biometric-structural indicators in obese [...] Read more.
Background: Obesity, a common lifestyle-related condition, is correlated with factors like inadequate physical activity. Its connection to diverse health issues presents a significant challenge to healthcare. This pilot study investigated the effects of hypoxic training on aerobic capacity and biometric-structural indicators in obese women. The secondary objective was to determine the feasibility, effectiveness, and safety of the planned research procedures and their potential for larger-scale implementation. Material and methods: Forty-one non-trained women with first-degree obesity were randomly assigned to even normobaric hypoxic training (H + E), normoxic training (E), passive exposure to hypoxia (H), and a control group (C). Training sessions were conducted three times a week for four weeks (12 training sessions). Body composition parameters were assessed, metabolic thresholds were determined, and maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) was measured before and after interventions. Results: The results demonstrated that training in hypoxic conditions significantly affected somatic parameters, with the H + E group achieving the best outcomes in terms of weight reduction and improvements in body composition indicators (p < 0.001). Normoxic training also induced a positive impact on body weight and body composition, although the results were less significant compared to the H + E group (p < 0.001). Additionally, training in hypoxic conditions significantly improved the aerobic capacity among the participants (p < 0.001). The H + E group achieved the best results in enhancing respiratory endurance and oxygen consumption (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The results of this pilot study suggest, that hypoxic training can be effective for weight reduction and improving the aerobic capacity in obese women. Despite study limitations, these findings indicate that hypoxic training could be an innovative approach to address obesity and related conditions. Caution is advised in interpreting the results, considering both the strengths and limitations of the pilot study. Before proceeding to a larger-scale study, the main study should be expanded, including aspects such as dietary control, monitoring physical activity, and biochemical blood analysis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Obesity and Physical Exercises)
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10 pages, 257 KiB  
Article
The Relationship between Body Composition and Physical Activity Level in Students of Medical Faculties
by Aleksandra Jaremków, Iwona Markiewicz-Górka, Wojciech Hajdusianek, Karolina Czerwińska and Paweł Gać
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(1), 50; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13010050 - 21 Dec 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 965
Abstract
Maintaining an active lifestyle is crucial for good health. Markers of health risk include tissue components. This study aimed to indicate which body composition elements create the strongest correlations with physical activity performed in young students of medical faculties. The study group consisted [...] Read more.
Maintaining an active lifestyle is crucial for good health. Markers of health risk include tissue components. This study aimed to indicate which body composition elements create the strongest correlations with physical activity performed in young students of medical faculties. The study group consisted of 75 students (33 men and 42 women) from Wroclaw Medical University. Each student underwent accelerometer and anthropometric measurements and body composition analysis. Both men and women had similar physical activity levels. The study found that the amount of vigorous physical activity correlated significantly with the basal metabolic rate (BMR), fat, water and muscle content, fat-free mass (FFM), bone mass, extracellular to intracellular water ratio (ECW/ICW), and phase angle (PA), with r~ ± (0.2–0.4). The amount of moderate physical activity correlated with body mass, body mass index (BMI), BMR, FFM, and bone mass, with r~0.3–0.5. There are dimorphic differences in the strength of correlations between physical activity and elements of body composition. A greater amount of moderate and vigorous physical activity is associated with greater FFM and bone mass in men, which causes BMI to increase as well (in this case, higher BMI is not a sign of being overweight). For women, the beneficial effect of higher amounts of vigorous physical activity on reducing fat content and increasing muscle mass is more pronounced. In both men and women, an improvement in hydration is evident with increased vigorous physical activity volume. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Obesity and Physical Exercises)
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