Submit to JCM Review for JCM Propose a Special Issue

Journal Browser

Helicobacter pylori Infection and Related Diseases: Clinical Updates and Perspectives

Print Special Issue Flyer
Special Issue Editors
Special Issue Information
Keywords
Published Papers

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Gastroenterology & Hepatopancreatobiliary Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 August 2023) | Viewed by 31071

Printed Edition Available!
A printed edition of this Special Issue is available here.

Special issue <em>Helicobacter pylori</em> Infection and Related Diseases: Clinical Updates and Perspectives book cover image

Share This Special Issue

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Tamaki Ikuse

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

Department of Pediatrics, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
Interests: pediatrics; gastroenterology; Helicobacter pylori infection

Dr. Mariko Hojo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
Interests: Helicobacter pylori infection; gastroduodenal ulcer; gastroesophageal reflux disease; esophageal motility disorders; functional gastrointestinal diseases

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), a microaerophilic Gram-negative spiral bacterial pathogen that colonizes an estimated 50% of the world’s population, is a well-known cause of gastric cancer. The International Agency for Research on Cancer, the specialized cancer agency of the World Health Organization, called on countries with high gastric cancer burden to act to prevent the disease with H. pylori screening and treatment in 2014. Although a huge number of studies have provided rich evidence for the various fields, further research is needed to clarify the pathogenesis, interaction with host immune response, the role for the microbiome in the stomach of H. pylori, the appropriate strategies for the diagnosis, screening, eradication and prevention for developing cancer, effect of H. pylroi eradication therapy, and negative effect without H. pylori infection. The scope of this Special Issue is to provide an overview of recent advances in the field of H. pylori infection and related diseases. Therefore, researchers in the field of H. pylori infection are encouraged to submit an original article or review to this Special Issue (case reports and short reviews are not accepted).

Dr. Tamaki Ikuse
Dr. Mariko Hojo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

Helicobacter infection
gastritis
peptic ulcer
gastric cancer
carcinogenesis
mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma
iron deficiency anemia
immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)
pathogenesis
diagnosis
screening
eradication
microbiome
vaccine
esophagogastroduodenoscopy

Published Papers (10 papers)

Download All Papers

Research

Jump to: Review

11 pages, 2695 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Comparative Study of Helicobacter pylori-Infected Gastritis in Okinawa and Tokyo Based on the Kyoto Classification of Gastritis

by Shotaro Oki, Tsutomu Takeda, Mariko Hojo, Ryota Uchida, Nobuyuki Suzuki, Daiki Abe, Atsushi Ikeda, Yoichi Akazawa, Hiroya Ueyama, Shuko Nojiri, Shinichi Hoshino, Hayashi Shokita and Akihito Nagahara

J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(19), 5739; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11195739 - 28 Sep 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2110

Abstract

The incidence of gastric cancer in Okinawa Prefecture is the lowest in Japan, which is attributed to differences in strains of Helicobacter pylori in Okinawa and other prefectures in Japan. Our aim was to compare the endoscopic findings of H. pylori-infected gastric mucosa in Okinawa and Tokyo. Patients who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGI) at Northern Okinawa Medical Center (Okinawa group) and Juntendo University Hospital (Tokyo group) from April 2019 to March 2020 were included. Patients diagnosed with H. pylori-infected gastric mucosa were retrospectively compared between the Okinawa and Tokyo groups according to the Kyoto Classification of Gastritis. The numbers of subjects (Okinawa/Tokyo) were 435/352, male/female ratio was 247:188/181:171, and age was 53.3 ± 14.7/64.6 ± 14.3 (mean ± standard deviation) years. Regarding the Kyoto Classification of Gastritis, the prevalence (Okinawa/Tokyo) of the closed type of atrophic gastritis was 73%/37% (p < 0.001), diffuse redness 80%/84% (p = 0.145), mucosal swelling 46%/46% (p = 0.991), enlarged fold 26%/32% (p = 0.048), spotty redness 77%/68% (p = 0.002), sticky mucus 17%/36% (p < 0.001), and intestinal metaplasia 32%/42% (p < 0.001). Age analysis also revealed that closed-type atrophy and spotty redness were more frequent in the Okinawa group than in the Tokyo group. There may be regional differences in endoscopic findings of H. pylori-infected gastric mucosa between Okinawa and Tokyo. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Helicobacter pylori Infection and Related Diseases: Clinical Updates and Perspectives)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

13 pages, 720 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Evaluation of a New Monoclonal Chemiluminescent Immunoassay Stool Antigen Test for the Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection: A Spanish Multicentre Study

by Elena Resina, María G. Donday, Samuel J. Martínez-Domínguez, Emilio José Laserna-Mendieta, Ángel Lanas, Alfredo J. Lucendo, Marta Sánchez-Luengo, Noelia Alcaide, Luis Fernández-Salazar, Luisa De La Peña-Negro, Luis Bujanda, Marta Gómez-Ruiz de Arbulo, Javier Alcedo, Ángeles Pérez-Aísa, Raúl Rodríguez, Sandra Hermida, Yanire Brenes, Olga P. Nyssen and Javier P. Gisbert

J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(17), 5077; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11175077 - 29 Aug 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2770

Abstract

The stool antigen test (SAT) represents an attractive alternative for detection of Helicobacter pylori. The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of a new SAT, the automated LIAISON^® Meridian H. pylori SA based on monoclonal antibodies, compared to the defined gold standard ¹³C-urea breath test (UBT). This prospective multicentre study (nine Spanish centres) enrolled patients ≥18 years of age with clinical indication to perform UBT for the initial diagnosis and for confirmation of bacterial eradication. Two UBT methods were used: mass spectrometry (MS) including citric acid (CA) or infrared spectrophotometry (IRS) without CA. Overall, 307 patients (145 naïve, 162 with confirmation of eradication) were analysed. Using recommended cut-off values (negative SAT < 0.90, positive ≥ 1.10) the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy were 67%, 97%, 86%, 92% and 91%, respectively, obtaining an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of 0.85. Twenty-eight patients, including seven false positives and 21 false negatives, presented a discordant result between SAT and UBT. Among the 21 false negatives, four of six tested with MS and 11 of 15 tested with IRS presented a borderline UBT delta value. In 25 discordant samples, PCR targeting H. pylori DNA was performed to re-assess positivity and SAT accuracy was re-analysed: sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, accuracy and AUC were 94%, 97%, 86%, 99%, 97% and 0.96, respectively. The new LIAISON^® Meridian H. pylori SA SAT showed a good accuracy for diagnosis of H. pylori infection. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Helicobacter pylori Infection and Related Diseases: Clinical Updates and Perspectives)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

11 pages, 1266 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Efficacy of a Third-Generation High-Vision Ultrathin Endoscope for Evaluating Gastric Atrophy and Intestinal Metaplasia in Helicobacter pylori-Eradicated Patients

by Junichi Uematsu, Mitsushige Sugimoto, Mariko Hamada, Eri Iwata, Ryota Niikura, Naoyoshi Nagata, Masakatsu Fukuzawa, Takao Itoi and Takashi Kawai

J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(8), 2198; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11082198 - 14 Apr 2022

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2001

Abstract

Background: Image-enhanced endoscopy methods such as narrow-band imaging (NBI) are advantageous over white-light imaging (WLI) for detecting gastric atrophy, intestinal metaplasia, and cancer. Although new third-generation high-vision ultrathin endoscopes improve image quality and resolution over second-generation endoscopes, it is unclear whether the former also enhances color differences surrounding atrophy and intestinal metaplasia for endoscopic detection. We compared the efficacy of a new third-generation ultrathin endoscope and an older second-generation endoscope. Methods: We enrolled 50 Helicobacter pylori-eradicated patients who underwent transnasal endoscopy with a second-generation and third-generation endoscope (GIF-290N and GIF-1200N, respectively) in our retrospective study. Color differences based on the International Commission on Illumination 1976 (L*, a*, b*) color space were compared between second-generation and third-generation high-vision endoscopes. Results: Color differences surrounding atrophy produced by NBI on the GIF-1200N endoscope were significantly greater than those on GIF-290N (19.2 ± 8.5 vs. 14.4 ± 6.2, p = 0.001). In contrast, color differences surrounding intestinal metaplasia using both WLI and NBI were similar on GIF-1200N and GIF-290N endoscopes. NBI was advantageous over WLI for detecting intestinal metaplasia on both endoscopes. Conclusions: NBI using a third-generation ultrathin endoscope produced significantly greater color differences surrounding atrophy and intestinal metaplasia in H. pylori-eradicated patients compared with WLI. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Helicobacter pylori Infection and Related Diseases: Clinical Updates and Perspectives)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

13 pages, 1495 KiB

Open AccessEditor’s ChoiceArticle

Experience with Rifabutin-Containing Therapy in 500 Patients from the European Registry on Helicobacter pylori Management (Hp-EuReg)

by Olga P. Nyssen, Dino Vaira, Ilaria Maria Saracino, Giulia Fiorini, María Caldas, Luis Bujanda, Rinaldo Pellicano, Alma Keco-Huerga, Manuel Pabón-Carrasco, Elida Oblitas Susanibar, Alfredo Di Leo, Giuseppe Losurdo, Ángeles Pérez-Aísa, Antonio Gasbarrini, Doron Boltin, Sinead Smith, Perminder Phull, Theodore Rokkas, Dominique Lamarque, Anna Cano-Català, Ignasi Puig, Francis Mégraud, Colm O’Morain and Javier P. Gisbert Show full author list Hide full author list

J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(6), 1658; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11061658 - 16 Mar 2022

Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3265

Abstract

Background: First-line Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) treatments have been relatively well evaluated; however, it remains necessary to identify the most effective rescue treatments. Our aim was to assess the effectiveness and safety of H. pylori regimens containing rifabutin. METHODS: International multicentre prospective non-interventional European Registry on H. pylori Management (Hp-EuReg). Patients treated with rifabutin were registered in AEG-REDCap e-CRF from 2013 to 2021. Modified intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses were performed. Data were subject to quality control. Results: Overall, 500 patients included in the Hp-EuReg were treated with rifabutin (mean age 52 years, 72% female, 63% with dyspepsia, 4% with peptic ulcer). Culture was performed in 63% of cases: dual resistance (to both clarithromycin and metronidazole) was reported in 46% of the cases, and triple resistance (to clarithromycin, metronidazole, and levofloxacin) in 39%. In 87% of cases rifabutin was utilised as part of a triple therapy together with amoxicillin and a proton-pump-inhibitor, and in an additional 6% of the patients, bismuth was added to this triple regimen. Rifabutin was mainly used in second-line (32%), third-line (25%), and fourth-line (27%) regimens, achieving overall 78%, 80% and 66% effectiveness by modified intention-to-treat, respectively. Compliance with treatment was 89%. At least one adverse event was registered in 26% of the patients (most frequently nausea), and one serious adverse event (0.2%) was reported in one patient with leukopenia and thrombocytopenia with fever requiring hospitalisation. Conclusion: Rifabutin-containing therapy represents an effective and safe strategy after one or even several failures of H. pylori eradication treatment. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Helicobacter pylori Infection and Related Diseases: Clinical Updates and Perspectives)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

Review

Jump to: Research

12 pages, 2118 KiB

Open AccessReview

Expectations for the Dual Therapy with Vonoprazan and Amoxicillin for the Eradication of H. pylori

by Takahisa Furuta, Mihoko Yamade, Tomohiro Higuchi, Satoru Takahashi, Natsuki Ishida, Shinya Tani, Satoshi Tamura, Moriya Iwaizumi, Yasushi Hamaya, Satoshi Osawa and Ken Sugimoto

J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(9), 3110; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12093110 - 25 Apr 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1649

Abstract

Vonoprazan (VPZ) inhibits gastric acid secretion more potently than proton pump inhibitors. Recently, attention has been focused on the dual therapy with VPZ and amoxicillin (AMOX) for the eradication of H. pylori. The dual VPZ/AMOX therapy attains the sufficient eradication rate with lowering the risk of adverse events in comparison with the triple therapy and quadruple therapy. Therefore, the dual VPZ/AMOX therapy is considered a useful eradication regimen for H. pylori infection. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Helicobacter pylori Infection and Related Diseases: Clinical Updates and Perspectives)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

11 pages, 1229 KiB

Open AccessReview

Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastric Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (MALT) Lymphoma

by Shotaro Nakamura and Mariko Hojo

J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(1), 120; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12010120 - 23 Dec 2022

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 4562

Abstract

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, which was first reported in 1984, shows an indolent clinical course. However, the detailed clinicopathological characteristics of gastric MALT lymphoma have not been fully elucidated. We performed a literature search concerning the clinical features and treatment for gastric MALT lymphoma using PubMED. MALT lymphomas develop in single or multiple extranodal organs, of which the stomach is one of the most frequent sites; gastric MALT lymphoma accounts for 7% to 9% of all B-cell lymphomas, and 40% to 50% of primary gastric lymphomas. The eradication of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the first-line treatment for patients with gastric MALT lymphoma, regardless of the clinical stage. Approximately 60–90% of cases with stage I/II₁ disease only achieve a complete histological response via H. pylori eradication. In patients who do not respond to H. pylori eradication therapy, second-line treatments such as watch-and-wait, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, rituximab immunotherapy, and/or a combination of these are recommended. Thus, H. pylori plays a causative role in the pathogenesis of gastric MALT lymphoma, and H. pylori eradication leads to complete histological remission in the majority of cases. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Helicobacter pylori Infection and Related Diseases: Clinical Updates and Perspectives)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

14 pages, 752 KiB

Open AccessReview

Helicobacter pylori-Associated Iron Deficiency Anemia in Childhood and Adolescence-Pathogenesis and Clinical Management Strategy

by Seiichi Kato, Benjamin D. Gold and Ayumu Kato

J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(24), 7351; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11247351 - 10 Dec 2022

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 4937

Abstract

Many epidemiological studies and meta-analyses show that persistent Helicobacter pylori infection in the gastric mucosa can lead to iron deficiency or iron deficiency anemia (IDA), particularly in certain populations of children and adolescents. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that H. pylori infection can lead to and be closely associated with recurrent and/or refractory iron deficiency and IDA. However, the pathogenesis and specific risk factors leading to this clinical outcome in H. pylori-infected children remain poorly understood. In general, most of pediatric patients with H. pylori-associated IDA do not show evidence of overt blood loss due to gastrointestinal hemorrhagic lesions. In adult populations, H. pylori atrophic gastritis is reported to cause impaired iron absorption due to impaired gastric acid secretion, which, subsequently, results in IDA. However, significant gastric atrophy, and the resultant substantial reduction in gastric acid secretion, has not been shown in H. pylori-infected children. Recently, it has been hypothesized that competition between H. pylori and humans for iron availability in the upper gastrointestinal tract could lead to IDA. Many genes, including those encoding major outer membrane proteins (OMPs), are known to be involved in iron-uptake mechanisms in H. pylori. Recent studies have been published that describe H. pylori virulence factors, including specific OMP genes that may be associated with the pathogenesis of IDA. Daily iron demand substantively increases in children as they begin pubertal development starting with the associated growth spurt, and this important physiological mechanism may play a synergistic role for the microorganisms as a host pathogenetic factor of IDA. Like in the most recent pediatric guidelines, a test-and-treat strategy in H. pylori infection should be considered, especially for children and adolescents in whom IDA is recurrent or refractory to iron supplementation and other definitive causes have not been identified. This review will focus on providing the evidence that supports a clear biological plausibility for H. pylori infection and iron deficiency, as well as IDA. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Helicobacter pylori Infection and Related Diseases: Clinical Updates and Perspectives)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

9 pages, 260 KiB

Open AccessReview

Multiple Bismuth Quadruple Therapy Containing Tetracyclines Combined with Other Antibiotics and Helicobacter pylori Eradication Therapy

by Yingchao Sun, Mengjia Zhu, Lei Yue and Weiling Hu

J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(23), 7040; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11237040 - 28 Nov 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1597

Abstract

Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection is closely associated with the development of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer. However, the resistance rate of H. pylori strains to antibiotics such as clarithromycin, metronidazole, and levofloxacin has increased significantly, resulting in a significant decrease in the eradication efficacy of commonly used regimens. Tetracycline has received the attention of domestic and foreign scholars because of its low resistance. The purpose of this review is to provide an update on the tetracycline-containing bismuth quadruple eradication therapy for H. pylori infection and review the efficacy and safety of the regimens, hoping to provide guidance for clinical practice. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Helicobacter pylori Infection and Related Diseases: Clinical Updates and Perspectives)

18 pages, 390 KiB

Open AccessReview

Current and Future Perspectives in the Diagnosis and Management of Helicobacter pylori Infection

by Malek Shatila and Anusha Shirwaikar Thomas

J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(17), 5086; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11175086 - 30 Aug 2022

Cited by 14 | Viewed by 4863

Abstract

Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is a prevalent organism infecting almost half the global population. It is a significant concern, given its associated risk of gastric cancer, which is the third leading cause of cancer death globally. Infection can be asymptomatic or present with dyspeptic symptoms. It may also present with alarm symptoms in the case of progression to cancer. Diagnosis can be achieved non-invasively (breath tests, stool studies, or serology) or invasively (rapid urease test, biopsy, or culture). Treatment involves acid suppression and regimens containing several antibiotics and is guided by resistance rates. Eradication is essential, as it lowers the risk of complications and progression to cancer. Follow-up after eradication is similarly important, as the risk of cancer progression remains. There have been many recent advances in both diagnosis and treatment of Hp. In particular, biosensors may be effective diagnostic tools, and nanotechnology, vaccines, and potassium-competitive acid blockers may prove effective in enhancing eradication rates. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Helicobacter pylori Infection and Related Diseases: Clinical Updates and Perspectives)

11 pages, 284 KiB

Open AccessReview

Role of New Anatomy, Biliopancreatic Reflux, and Helicobacter Pylori Status in Postgastrectomy Stump Cancer

by Luigi Basso, Gaetano Gallo, Daniele Biacchi, Maria Vittoria Carati, Giuseppe Cavallaro, Luca Esposito, Andrea Giuliani, Luciano Izzo, Paolo Izzo, Antonietta Lamazza, Andrea Polistena, Mariarita Tarallo, Alessandro Micarelli and Enrico Fiori

J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(6), 1498; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11061498 - 9 Mar 2022

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2024

Abstract

Distal gastrectomy for benign gastroduodenal peptic disease has become rare, but it still represents a widely adopted procedure for advanced and, in some countries, even for early distal gastric cancer. Survival rates following surgery for gastric malignancy are constantly improving, hence the residual mucosa of the gastric stump is exposed for a prolonged period to biliopancreatic reflux and, possibly, to Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection. Biliopancreatic reflux and HP infection are considered responsible for gastritis and metachronous carcinoma in the gastric stump after oncologic surgery. For gastrectomy patients, in addition to eradication treatment for cases that are already HP positive, endoscopic surveillance should also be recommended, for prompt surveillance and detection in the residual mucosa of any metaplastic-atrophic-dysplastic features following surgery. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Helicobacter pylori Infection and Related Diseases: Clinical Updates and Perspectives)

Journal Menu

Journal Browser

Helicobacter pylori Infection and Related Diseases: Clinical Updates and Perspectives

Share This Special Issue

Special Issue Editors

Special Issue Information

Keywords

Published Papers (10 papers)

Research

Review

Further Information

Guidelines

MDPI Initiatives

Follow MDPI