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Geosciences
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Meteorology, Climate and Severe Storms in the Mid Atlantic
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Meteorology, Climate and Severe Storms in the Mid Atlantic

A special issue of Geosciences (ISSN 2076-3263). This special issue belongs to the section "Natural Hazards".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2019) | Viewed by 6037

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Jeffrey B. Halverson

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Geography & Environmental Systems, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
Interests: Mid Atlantic; meteorology; climate; severe storm; hurricane; derecho; Nor’easter, cold air damming; tornado; snowstorm

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Mid-Atlantic region of the U.S. (extending from New York southward to North Carolina and from New Jersey westward to West Virginia) is known to experience a very diverse climate and a tremendous variety of weather systems. These include (but are not limited to) Nor’easters, heavy snow and ice storms, landfalling tropical cyclones and hurricanes having undergone extratropical transition, severe local storms, including occasional derechos, supercells, and tornadoes, and cool-season HSLC (high shear–low CAPE) storms.  Certain forecasting challenges are inexplicably tied to the complex geography, including Appalachian cold air damming, backdoor fronts, terrain-locked flash flood events, and northwest flow (upslope) snowstorms. We are hereby issuing a call for papers to address the analysis and forecasting aspects of both the meteorology and the climate of this unique physiographic region, including the societal impacts on the tens of millions in this region facing daunting weather extremes across all seasons.

Prof. Jeffrey B. Halverson
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Geosciences is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Mid Atlantic
  • meteorology
  • climate
  • severe storm
  • hurricane
  • derecho
  • Nor’easter
  • cold air damming
  • tornado
  • snowstorm

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 7900 KiB  
Article
The College Park, Maryland, Tornado of 24 September 2001
by Kenneth L. Pryor, Tyler Wawrzyniak and Da-Lin Zhang
Geosciences 2019, 9(10), 452; https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9100452 - 22 Oct 2019
Viewed by 3122
Abstract
The 24 September 2001 College Park, Maryland, tornado was a long-track and strong tornado that passed within a close range of two Doppler radars. It was the third in a series of three tornadoes associated with a supercell storm that developed in Stafford [...] Read more.
The 24 September 2001 College Park, Maryland, tornado was a long-track and strong tornado that passed within a close range of two Doppler radars. It was the third in a series of three tornadoes associated with a supercell storm that developed in Stafford County, Virginia, and initiated 3–4 km southwest of College Park and dissipated near Columbia, Howard County. The supercell tracked approximately 120 km and lasted for about 126 min. This study presents a synoptic and mesoscale overview of favorable conditions and forcing mechanisms that resulted in the severe convective outbreak associated with the College Park tornado. The results show many critical elements of the tornadic event, including a negative-tilted upper-level trough over the Ohio Valley, a jet stream with moderate vertical shear, a low-level warm, moist tongue of the air associated with strong southerly flow over south-central Maryland and Virginia, and significantly increased convective available potential energy (CAPE) during the late afternoon hours. A possible role of the urban heat island effects from Washington, DC, in increasing CAPE for the development of the supercell is discussed. Satellite imagery reveals the banded convective morphology with high cloud tops associated with the supercell that produced the College Park tornado. Operational WSR-88D data exhibit a high reflectivity “debris ball” or tornadic debris signature (TDS) within the hook echo, the evolution of the parent storm from a supercell structure to a bow echo, and a tornado cyclone signature (TCS). Many of the mesoscale features could be captured by contemporary numerical model analyses. This study concludes with a discussion of the effectiveness of the coordinated use of satellite and radar observations in the operational environment of nowcasting severe convection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Meteorology, Climate and Severe Storms in the Mid Atlantic)
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14 pages, 1512 KiB  
Article
Changing Impacts of North Atlantic Tropical Cyclones on Extreme Precipitation Distribution across the Mid-Atlantic United States
by Nirajan Dhakal
Geosciences 2019, 9(5), 207; https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9050207 - 09 May 2019
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2640
Abstract
Almost every year, north Atlantic tropical cyclones (TCs) are responsible for significant socioeconomic losses across the Mid-Atlantic USA. However, the extent to which TC activity contributes to the changes in the probability distributions of the extreme precipitation have not yet been comprehensively characterized [...] Read more.
Almost every year, north Atlantic tropical cyclones (TCs) are responsible for significant socioeconomic losses across the Mid-Atlantic USA. However, the extent to which TC activity contributes to the changes in the probability distributions of the extreme precipitation have not yet been comprehensively characterized for this region. In this study, a quantile regression method was used to investigate the trends of the lower (τ = 0.2) and upper (τ = 0.8) quantiles of annual and seasonal daily maximum precipitation series for the region using the station-based daily precipitation data for the period 1950–2011. Results show that the rates of changes in the upper quantile have greatly strengthened for the region. Analysis of the spatial pattern of the lower and upper quantile trends for TC and non-TC extreme precipitation series shows that trends have larger magnitudes in most of the sites for TC precipitation series as compared with the non-TC precipitation series for both the lower and upper quantiles. Additionally, the highest trends are observed in the upper quantile for TC time series indicating that TC precipitation is contributing more to the upper tails of the extreme precipitation distribution as compared to the non-TC precipitation. Results from this study have implications for the improved design and reassessment of flood-controlling infrastructure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Meteorology, Climate and Severe Storms in the Mid Atlantic)
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