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Forests
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Lignocellulosic Fiber-Based Composites
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Lignocellulosic Fiber-Based Composites

A special issue of Forests (ISSN 1999-4907). This special issue belongs to the section "Wood Science and Forest Products".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 June 2023) | Viewed by 2210

Special Issue Editors

Dr. M. R. M. Asyraf

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Guest Editor
1. Engineering Design Research Group (EDRG), School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia
2. Centre for Advanced Composite Materials (CACM), Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia
Interests: natural fibre composites; lignocellulosic fibres; tensile properties; flexural properties; impact properties; biocomposites; fibre treatment
Dr. R.A. Ilyas

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia
Interests: polymer engineering; material engineering; natural fibers; bio-composites; nanocomposites
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Shukur Abu Hassan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centre for Advanced Composite Materials (CACM), Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia
Interests: composites materials; structures; composites structure durability; recycling composites; biomimetics design; composites testing; natural fibre composites; hybrid composites; composites bonding; polymer mortar composites
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Agusril Syamsir

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Guest Editor
Institute of Energy Infrastructure, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
Interests: composites materials; composite structures; composites structure durability; lignocellulosic fibre; natural fibre composites; hybrid composites

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Lignocellulosic fibres are one of the natural fibres which can be obtained from plants and are generally considered to be one of the most promising researched materials for replacing synthetic engineered fibres. Lignocellulosic fibres such as kenaf, bamboo, banana, jute, flax, oil palm and sugar palm have been used to reinforce composites in the development of various products. This is due to the inherent behaviours of lignocellulosic fibres, including their renewability, wide availability, low production costs and biodegradability.

Technological advancements in the past few decades has enabled the manufacture of new and high-performance lignocellulosic-fibre-based composites. Currently, various sectors have started to employ lignocellulosic-fibre-based composites in applications such as food packaging, transportation, sport goods, household appliances and construction, biomedicine, buildings and electronic devices. The application of lignocellulosic-fibre-based biocomposites results in the improved performance of transportation vehicles as it reduces their weight, which in turn lowers fuel consumption and carbon dioxide emissions. Thus, the objective of this Special Issue is to compile and gather the most recent, advanced research on the characteristics, manufacturability and sustainable product development of innovative lignocellulosic-fibre-based composites.

Contributions of original research and review articles within this topic are welcome. Potential topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  1. Lignocellulosic-fibre-reinforced polymer composites;
  2. Hybrid lignocellulosic/synthetic-fibre-reinforced polymer composites;
  3. Hybrid lignocellulosic-fibre-reinforced polymer composites;
  4. Synthetic–natural filler lignocellulosic-fibre-based composites;
  5. Conceptual design and product development of lignocellulosic-fibre-based composites;
  6. Mechanical, physical, thermal and chemical characterization of lignocellulosic-fibre-based composites;
  7. Influence of fibre modifications and treatments on the properties of lignocellulsic-fibre-based composites;
  8. Manufacturing process of lignocellulosic-fibre-based composites;
  9. Structural and non-structural applications of lignocellulosic-fibre-based composites.

Dr. M. R. M. Asyraf
Dr. Rushdan Ahmad Ilyas
Dr. Shukur Abu Hassan
Dr. Agusril Syamsir
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Forests is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • lignocellulosic fibres
  • polymer composites
  • hybrids
  • nanocellulose
  • physical and mechanical properties
  • thermal and chemical compositions
  • fibre treatments
  • manufacturing processes
  • structural and non-structural applications
  • sustainability

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 3555 KiB  
Article
PLA/Coffee Grounds Composite for 3D Printing and Its Properties
by Wangwang Yu, Tiancheng Yuan, Yan Yao, Yuhe Deng and Xinzhou Wang
Forests 2023, 14(2), 367; https://doi.org/10.3390/f14020367 - 12 Feb 2023
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2581
Abstract
Coffee is one of the most popular beverages in the world. It generates a waste known as coffee grounds. In this work, changes in mechanical properties, crystallinity index, and DSC characteristics of PLA/coffee grounds with different dosages were analyzed by XRD, DSC, and [...] Read more.
Coffee is one of the most popular beverages in the world. It generates a waste known as coffee grounds. In this work, changes in mechanical properties, crystallinity index, and DSC characteristics of PLA/coffee grounds with different dosages were analyzed by XRD, DSC, and mechanical property tests. Statistical analysis showed that the modulus of rupture of PLA/coffee grounds 3D printing materials was maximal at 109.07 MPa and 3604 MPa when 3% coffee grounds were added. The tensile strength of the untreated PLA complex was 49.99 MPa, and the tensile strength increased from 49.99 MPa to 51.28 MPa after 3% coffee grounds were added. However, there was no significant difference between the PLA complex and PLA/coffee grounds 3D printing materials when the additions were lower than 3%. The statistical analysis showed that when the coffee grounds additions increased from 5% to 7%, the tensile strength of PLA/coffee grounds 3D printing products significantly decreased. For example, the tensile strength decreased from 49.99 MPa to 26.45 MPa with addition of 7% coffee grounds. The difference between the glass transition, cold crystallization, and melting temperatures of PLA coffee grounds 3D printing materials was almost negligible, which indicates that the thermal properties of PLA coffee grounds 3D printing materials are comparable to those of PLA, and that the processing temperature and FDM printing temperature of the PLA filament are suitable for application to the PLA coffee grounds 3D printing material system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Lignocellulosic Fiber-Based Composites)
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11 pages, 3147 KiB  
Article
Effect of Pressurized Hydrothermal Treatment on the Properties of Cellulose Amorphous Region Based on Molecular Dynamics Simulation
by Xuewei Jiang, Wei Wang, Yuanyuan Guo and Min Dai
Forests 2023, 14(2), 314; https://doi.org/10.3390/f14020314 - 5 Feb 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1362
Abstract
Based on Materials Studio software, a cellulose chain with a polymerization degree of 20 and several water molecules were constructed to form a cellulose amorphous region–water model. The effect of pressure on the wood properties during hydrothermal treatment was investigated to explain the [...] Read more.
Based on Materials Studio software, a cellulose chain with a polymerization degree of 20 and several water molecules were constructed to form a cellulose amorphous region–water model. The effect of pressure on the wood properties during hydrothermal treatment was investigated to explain the changes in the macroscopic properties from a microscopic perspective, thus providing a theoretical basis for wood heat treatment research. In this study, we performed dynamic simulations at atmospheric pressure (0.1 MPa) and pressurized (0.2 MPa, 0.4 MPa, and 0.6 MPa) conditions under a combination of NPT. In addition, five aspects were analyzed in terms of energy change: cell parameters and density, cellulose mean square displacement, number of hydrogen bonds, and mechanical properties. The results showed that pressurized hydrothermal treatment increased the densification of the wood, decreased the volume, and increased the density. As the pressure increased, the difference between the average value of the nonbond energy and the total potential energy gradually decreased, the bond energy decreased, and the interatomic repulsive force within the molecule gradually weakened. The increase in the number of hydrogen bonds enhanced the restraining effect on the arrangement of cellulose molecular chains and slowed down the movement of the cellulose chains. Young’s modulus (E) and shear modulus (G) increased with increasing pressure, and Poisson’s ratio (γ) and K/G decreased with increasing pressure during the pressurized hydrothermal treatment of wood. The pressurized hydrothermal treatment increased the stiffness and decreased the toughness of the wood compared with those of the model with atmospheric pressure hydrothermal treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Lignocellulosic Fiber-Based Composites)
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8 pages, 2016 KiB  
Article
Resistance of Untreated and Torrefied Medium-Density Fiberboard (MDF) Residues to Xylophage Fungi
by Paula Gabriella Surdi, Vinicius Resende de Castro, Nidia Niela Lima, Gabriel Reis Portilho, Nayara Franzini Lopes, Frances Alves Andrade, Antônio José Vinha Zanuncio, José Cola Zanuncio, Angélica de Cássia Oliveira Carneiro and Solange de Oliveira Araújo
Forests 2023, 14(2), 307; https://doi.org/10.3390/f14020307 - 4 Feb 2023
Viewed by 1181
Abstract
The manufacture of wood panels generates a large amount of waste. This material can be an option for renewable energy generation. However, long-term storage, exposure to moisture and contact of these panels with the soil facilitate colonization by xylophagous organisms. Torrefaction, a heat [...] Read more.
The manufacture of wood panels generates a large amount of waste. This material can be an option for renewable energy generation. However, long-term storage, exposure to moisture and contact of these panels with the soil facilitate colonization by xylophagous organisms. Torrefaction, a heat treatment between 200 and 300 °C in an oxygen-free atmosphere, is a process that decreases hygroscopicity while increasing carbon content, energy efficiency and resistance to fungal attack. This work aimed to evaluate the resistance of MDF panel residues. The MDF panels were produced using eucalyptus wood and bonded with thermosetting synthetic resin, under high temperature and pressure, torrefied at 300 °C for 20, 30 and 40 min and exposed to the xylophagous fungi of the white rot, Irpex lacteus (Fr.) Fr. (1828) and Trametes versicolor, and that of the brown rot, Postia placenta. After the 12-week evaluation period under fungal exposure, the mass loss of the samples attacked by T. versicolor and P. placenta was similar between treatments, except the MDF untreated, which had greater mass losses from the fungus Irpex lacteus. The torrefaction process increased the material resistance to deterioration by fungi, with an inverse correlation between the torrefaction period and the mass losses by fungal attack of the MDF panel residues. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Lignocellulosic Fiber-Based Composites)
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