Editorial

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2 pages, 164 KiB

Open AccessEditorial

Special Issue “Anti-Aging Properties of Natural Compounds”

by Harris Pratsinis and Dimitris Kletsas

Cosmetics 2019, 6(4), 67; https://doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics6040067 - 03 Dec 2019

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 5014

Abstract

Aging is defined as the progressive loss of an organism’s homeostatic balance [...] Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-aging Properties of Natural Compounds)

Research

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10 pages, 1450 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Skin Improvement Effects of Gardeniae fructus Extract in HaCaT Keratinocytes, B16F10 Melanocytes, and CCD-986sk Fibroblast Cells

by Se Hyang Hong, Jin Mo Ku, Seung Hwan Lee, Ho Jong Shim, Dong Sun Park, Joo Won Sung, Yong Cheol Shin and Seong-Gyu Ko

Cosmetics 2019, 6(3), 48; https://doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics6030048 - 08 Aug 2019

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 8161

Abstract

The development of functional cosmetics with skin improvement effects from natural sources is necessary. In this study, the antioxidant, antiwrinkling, moisturizing, and whitening effects of Gardeniae fructus extract (GF) were investigated in keratinocytes, melanocytes, and fibroblast cells. Antioxidant activity was determined by a [...] Read more.

The development of functional cosmetics with skin improvement effects from natural sources is necessary. In this study, the antioxidant, antiwrinkling, moisturizing, and whitening effects of Gardeniae fructus extract (GF) were investigated in keratinocytes, melanocytes, and fibroblast cells. Antioxidant activity was determined by a DPPH free radical scavenging assay. MMP-1, MMP-9, HAS1, and filaggrin mRNA levels were measured by RT-PCR in keratinocytes and fibroblast cells. MITF and tyrosinase protein levels were evaluated by blotting analysis in melanocytes. DPPH free radical activity was investigated to determine whether GF showed dose-dependent inhibitory activity. GF induced the upregulation of HAS1 and filaggrin mRNA expression in keratinocytes and fibroblast cells. GF led to the downregulation of MMP mRNA levels in keratinocytes and fibroblast cells. Western blotting was performed to confirm the whitening-related protein (MITF and tyrosinase) levels induced by GF in melanocytes, and the inhibitory activity was superior to that of the α-MSH used for the comparison test. GF showed marked antioxidant, antiwrinkling, skin moisturizing, and whitening activity in keratinocytes, melanocytes, and fibroblast cells. Through the results of these experiments, the applicability of GF as a natural and functional cosmetic material was verified. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-aging Properties of Natural Compounds)

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11 pages, 2452 KiB

Open AccessArticle

7,8-dimethoxycoumarin Attenuates the Expression of IL-6, IL-8, and CCL2/MCP-1 in TNF-α-Treated HaCaT Cells by Potentially Targeting the NF-κB and MAPK Pathways

by Nari Lee, You Chul Chung, Choon Il Kang, Sung-Min Park and Chang-Gu Hyun

Cosmetics 2019, 6(3), 41; https://doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics6030041 - 08 Jul 2019

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 7193

Abstract

7,8-dimethoxycoumarin (DMC, C11H10O4), a natural coumarin compound, is present in Citrus plants including Citrus decumana and grapefruit. It is known to have protective effects on the kidneys against Cisplatin and ischemia-reperfusion injury. However, the underlying mechanisms of its inhibitory effects on skin inflammation [...] Read more.

7,8-dimethoxycoumarin (DMC, C11H10O4), a natural coumarin compound, is present in Citrus plants including Citrus decumana and grapefruit. It is known to have protective effects on the kidneys against Cisplatin and ischemia-reperfusion injury. However, the underlying mechanisms of its inhibitory effects on skin inflammation have not been investigated in vitro. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α is known to be one of the main causative agents of skin inflammation. It induces pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines by activating nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of DMC on the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in TNF-α-treated human keratinocyte HaCaT cells. Pretreatment with DMC inhibited TNF-α-treated cytokines (interleukin 6; IL-6) and chemokines (IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1). In addition, DMC significantly inhibited TNF-α-treated NF-κB activation and phosphorylation of MAPKs, such as c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) and extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK). These results suggest that DMC may elicit an anti-inflammatory response by suppressing TNF-α-treated activation of NF-κB and MAPK pathways in keratinocytes. Hence, it might be a useful therapeutic drug against skin inflammatory diseases. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-aging Properties of Natural Compounds)

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12 pages, 1499 KiB

Open AccessCommunication

The Potential Application of Spring Sargassum glaucescens Extracts in the Moisture-Retention of Keratinocytes and Dermal Fibroblast Regeneration after UVA-Irradiation

by Zih-yi Li, Chin-Hsiu Yu, Yu-Ting Lin, Hsiang-Ling Su, Kai-Wen Kan, Fu-Chen Liu, Ciao-Ting Chen, Yi-Tsen Lin, Hsin-Fen Hsu and Yung-Hsiang Lin

Cosmetics 2019, 6(1), 17; https://doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics6010017 - 04 Mar 2019

Cited by 11 | Viewed by 8956

Abstract

Sargassum glaucescens is a marine brown alga with high antioxidant activity. To evaluate the potential application of Sargassum glaucescens extracts (SGE) in skincare, we performed in vitro assays in dermal fibroblasts and epidermal keratinocytes. The antioxidant activity of SGE was confirmed by the [...] Read more.

Sargassum glaucescens is a marine brown alga with high antioxidant activity. To evaluate the potential application of Sargassum glaucescens extracts (SGE) in skincare, we performed in vitro assays in dermal fibroblasts and epidermal keratinocytes. The antioxidant activity of SGE was confirmed by the suppression of H₂O₂-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in dermal fibroblasts and in vitro 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity. In the wound healing assay, application of 2 mg/ml SGE stimulated the wound closure of CCD-966SK fibroblasts by a 2.95-fold in comparison to the control. Furthermore, treatment with SGE of concentrations ranging from 0.25 to 1 mg/ml promoted CCD-966SK cell regeneration after UVA irradiation. At the molecular level, 1 mg/ml SGE induced expressions of anti-oxidative genes SOD1 (Superoxide dismutase 1) and GPX1 (Glutathione peroxidase 1), and DNA repair regulatory genes XRCC1 (X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 1) and ERCC6 (Excision repair cross-complementation Group 6) in CCD-966SK cells after UVA irradiation. Therefore, SGE displayed beneficial effects on cell regeneration and the protection of dermal cells against UVA irradiation. In epidermal cells, SGE stimulated the cell proliferation of human primary epidermal keratinocytes. Application of 0.03125 mg/ml SGE induced the expressions of skin barrier-related genes TGM1 (Transglutaminase 1), KRT10 (Keratin 10) and KRT14 in keratinocytes. Meanwhile, SGE induced the gene expression of FLG (Filaggrin), which promoted the production of natural moisturizing factor (NMF) for maintaining the moisture and barrier functions of skin. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-aging Properties of Natural Compounds)

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10 pages, 1471 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Bioactive Metabolites of the Stem Bark of Strychnos aff. darienensis and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant and UV Protection Activity in Human Skin Cell Cultures

by Aikaterini Travasarou, Maria T. Angelopoulou, Konstantina Vougogiannopoulou, Adamantia Papadopoulou, Nektarios Aligiannis, Charles L. Cantrell, Dimitris Kletsas, Nikolas Fokialakis and Harris Pratsinis

Cosmetics 2019, 6(1), 7; https://doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics6010007 - 26 Jan 2019

Cited by 11 | Viewed by 7634

Abstract

The genus Strychnos (Loganiaceae) is well-known as a rich source of various bioactive metabolites. In continuation of our phytochemical studies on plants from Amazonia, we examined Strychnos aff. darienensis, collected in Peru. This species has been traditionally used in South America and [...] Read more.

The genus Strychnos (Loganiaceae) is well-known as a rich source of various bioactive metabolites. In continuation of our phytochemical studies on plants from Amazonia, we examined Strychnos aff. darienensis, collected in Peru. This species has been traditionally used in South America and is still presently used as a drug by the Yanesha tribe in Peru. Phytochemical investigation of this plant led to the isolation and structure elucidation by ΝuclearΜagnetic Resonance and High Resolution Mass Spectroscopy of 14 compounds that belong to the categories of phenolic acids [p-hydroxybenzoic acid (1) and vanillic acid (2)], flavonoids [luteolin, (3),3-O-methyl quercetin (4), strychnobiflavone (5), minaxin (6) and 3’,4’,7-trihydroxy-flavone (7)], lignans [syringaresinol-β-D-glucoside (8), balanophonin (9) and ficusal (10)] and alkaloids [venoterpine (11), 11-methoxyhenningsamine (12), diaboline (13) and 11-methoxy diaboline (14)]. The isolated flavonoids—a class known for its anti-aging activities—were further evaluated for their biological activities on normal human skin fibroblasts. Among them, only (6), and to a lesser extent (7), exhibited cytotoxicity at 100 µg/ml. All five flavonoids suppressed intracellularreactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, either basal or following stimulation with hydrogen peroxide or both. Moreover, luteolin and strychnobiflavone protected skin fibroblasts against ultraviolet (UV)-irradiation-induced cell death. The isolated flavonoids could prove useful bioactive ingredients in the cosmetic industry. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-aging Properties of Natural Compounds)

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15 pages, 8066 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Novel Lipidized Derivatives of the Bioflavonoid Hesperidin: Dermatological, Cosmetic and Chemopreventive Applications

by Alessia Bino, Chiara Beatrice Vicentini, Silvia Vertuani, Ilaria Lampronti, Roberto Gambari, Elisa Durini, Stefano Manfredini and Anna Baldisserotto

Cosmetics 2018, 5(4), 72; https://doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics5040072 - 15 Dec 2018

Cited by 13 | Viewed by 8321

Abstract

Hesperidin is one of the most important natural flavonoids, known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-mutagenic, and anti-hypertensive properties. Despite its various biological activities, hesperidin is rarely used in the dermo-cosmetic field because of its poor solubility in both water and oil phases that [...] Read more.

Hesperidin is one of the most important natural flavonoids, known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-mutagenic, and anti-hypertensive properties. Despite its various biological activities, hesperidin is rarely used in the dermo-cosmetic field because of its poor solubility in both water and oil phases that makes difficult formulation, distribution and bioavailability through the skin layers. Moreover, hesperidin is still underestimated in skin care products, and literature data on its stability into a topical formulation are not yet available. In this paper we report the synthesis of five different derivatives of hesperidin and their evaluation in terms of antioxidant, antifungal, antiproliferative, and apoptotic effects on human leukemic K562 cells. Preliminary antiproliferative effects were considered since hyper-proliferation is involved in several cutaneous problems particularly in the case of photo-exposition and environmental pollution. Esp4 and Esp5 were found to be more active in inhibiting K562 cell growth than parent hesperidin. Esp3 exhibited different biological properties, i.e., antioxidant activity in the absence of antiproliferative effects. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-aging Properties of Natural Compounds)

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Review

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8 pages, 243 KiB

Open AccessReview

Anti-Aging Properties of Plant Stem Cell Extracts

by Małgorzata Miastkowska and Elżbieta Sikora

Cosmetics 2018, 5(4), 55; https://doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics5040055 - 22 Sep 2018

Cited by 25 | Viewed by 42760

Abstract

Skin aging is a complex process which involves all the layers of the epidermis and dermis. In order to slow skin aging, methods are researched which would strengthen and protect skin stem cells. Science is in search of the right method to stimulate [...] Read more.

Skin aging is a complex process which involves all the layers of the epidermis and dermis. In order to slow skin aging, methods are researched which would strengthen and protect skin stem cells. Science is in search of the right method to stimulate the proliferation of epidermal stem cells. Plant stem cells show outstanding anti-aging properties, as they can, among other activities, stimulate fibroblasts to synthesise collagen, which, in turn, stimulates skin regeneration. One of the most important agents which give anti-aging properties to plant stem cell extracts is kinetin (6-furfuryladenine). This compound belongs to a cytokine group and is considered to be a strong antioxidant which protects protein and nucleic acids from oxidation and glycoxidation processes. It enables cells to remove the excess of free radicals to protect them from oxidative stress. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-aging Properties of Natural Compounds)

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9 pages, 252 KiB

Open AccessReview

The Use of Plants in Skin-Care Products, Cosmetics and Fragrances: Past and Present

by Francisco José González-Minero and Luis Bravo-Díaz

Cosmetics 2018, 5(3), 50; https://doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics5030050 - 19 Aug 2018

Cited by 62 | Viewed by 25580

Abstract

This work discusses the way people have used plants over time (basically since Ancient Egypt) to care for their physical aspect, and also how natural resources (especially plants) are currently used in personal-care products. Many plant species are ancient. This paper also shows [...] Read more.

This work discusses the way people have used plants over time (basically since Ancient Egypt) to care for their physical aspect, and also how natural resources (especially plants) are currently used in personal-care products. Many plant species are ancient. This paper also shows examples of plants used for personal care which are investigated with new scientific advances. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-aging Properties of Natural Compounds)

Other

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8 pages, 2034 KiB

Open AccessBrief Report

Phytomelatonin Regulates Keratinocytes Homeostasis Counteracting Aging Process

by Francesca Ferri, Fabio Olivieri, Roberto Cannataro, Maria Cristina Caroleo and Erika Cione

Cosmetics 2019, 6(2), 27; https://doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics6020027 - 18 Apr 2019

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 6873

Abstract

Phytomelatonin (PM) gained the greatest interest for its application in agriculture and its use to improve human health conditions. PM based supplement has been shown to possess antioxidant capabilities because it functions as a free radical scavenger. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), induced by [...] Read more.

Phytomelatonin (PM) gained the greatest interest for its application in agriculture and its use to improve human health conditions. PM based supplement has been shown to possess antioxidant capabilities because it functions as a free radical scavenger. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), induced by both intrinsic (peroxide production) and extrinsic (UV-radiation) factors are biochemical mediators crucial in skin aging. Skin aging is also regulated by specific microRNAs (miRs). Herein we have shown the effect of PM free radical scavengers on the human keratinocyte cell line HaCat and on ROS formation induced by both extrinsic and intrinsic factors as well as their capability to positively modulate a member of the hsa-miR-29 family linked to aging. Our result highlights the regulatory role of PM for the keratinocytes homeostasis. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-aging Properties of Natural Compounds)

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