Atmosphere, Volume 10, Issue 2

Recently, extreme events have been occurring more frequently, a possible result of climate change, and have resulted in both significant economic losses as well as loss of life around the world [...]

This paper investigates the accuracy of simulated long-duration super-pressure balloon trajectories in the lower stratosphere. The observed trajectories were made during the (tropical) Pre-Concordiasi and (polar) Concordiasi campaigns in 2010, while...

This study examined the performance of removing aerosol upon a flow rate variable by agglomerating sticky aerosol with calcium hydroxide and removing cohesive aerosol through an experimental apparatus, simulating an actual painting booth. As a result...

Projections of future climate remain an important scientific goal for much of the Earth science community [...]

Vehicle-related particulate matter (PM) emissions may arise from both exhaust and non-exhaust mechanisms, such as brake wear, tire wear, and road pavement abrasion, each of which may be emitted directly and indirectly through resuspension of settled...

The plum rain season, caused by precipitation along a persistent stationary Mei-Yu front in East Asia, creates favorable temperatures and relative humidity (RH) for mold growth indoors. This paper investigates the effects of human occupancy on indoor...

In this study, we assessed the performance of 34 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) general climate models (GCMs) for simulating the observed temperature over the Lower Mekong Basin (LMB) in 1961–2004. An improved score-based...

A global blocking climatology published by this group for events that occurred during the late 20th century examined a comprehensive list of characteristics that included block intensity (BI). In addition to confirming the results of other published...

This research analyzed the spatiotemporal patterns of drought in Xinjiang (northwestern China) between 1961 and 2015 using the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI). Furthermore, the correlations between Atlantic Multidecadal Osc...

Droughts and hot extremes may lead to tremendous impacts on the ecosystem and different sectors of the society. A variety of studies have been conducted on the variability of the individual drought or hot extreme in China. However, the evaluation of...

The objective of the current study was to estimate health risk indexes caused by the inhalation of particulate matter (PM) by adult males and children using data sampled in three European cities (Athens, Kuopio, Lisbon). Accordingly, the cancer risk...

In this study, the large-scale circulation patterns (a blocking high, wave trains and the western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH)) associated with a wide ranging and highly intense long-lived heatwave in China during the summer of 2018 are examined u...

The effects of urbanization over eastern China on the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) under different sea surface temperature background are compared using a Community Atmosphere Model (CAM5.1). Experiments of urbanization investigated by comparing...

This study aimed to investigate the airborne release of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) as a result of the dry-heat cooking of some meats using charcoal grilling and pan-broiling methods. Three types of meat (beef sirloin, pork belly, and duck) were ch...

Lightning and deep convective precipitation have long been studied as closely linked variables, the former being viewed as a proxy, or estimator, of the latter. However, to date, no single methodology or algorithm exists for estimating lightning-deri...

The regional ensemble prediction system (REPS) of North China is currently under development at the Institute of Urban Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, with initial condition perturbations provided by global ensemble dynamical downsc...

Atmospheric rivers (ARs), and frontal systems more broadly, tend to exhibit prominent “V” shapes in time series of stable isotopes in precipitation. Despite the magnitude and widespread nature of these “V” shapes, debate persi...

Semivolatile organic nitrates (SVONs) contribute a large proportion of total organic nitrates and play an important role in the tropospheric chemistry. However, the composition and concentrations of SVONs in the atmosphere remain unclear due to the l...

The spatial and temporal variabilities of the daily Sunshine Duration (SSD) time series from the Chinese Meteorological Administration during the 1954–2009 period are examined by the Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA) method. As a whole, weak...

To improve the landfalling tropical cyclone (TC) forecasting, the pseudo inner-core observations derived from the optimal-member forecast (OPT) and its probability-matched mean (OPTPM) of a mesoscale ensemble prediction system, namely TREPS, were ass...

A low-frequency inertial atmospheric gravity wave (AGW) event was studied with lidar (40.5° N, 116° E), meteor radar (40.3° N, 116.2° E), and TIMED/SABER at Beijing on 30 May 2012. Lidar measurements showed that the atmospheric temper...

In this paper, we applied the Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis on a drought index expressed as consecutive dry days (CDD) to identify the drought variability in western United States. Based on the EOF analysis, correlation maps were gener...

To track the particulate pollution in Sichuan Basin, sample filters were collected in three urban sites. Characteristics of water-soluble inorganic ions (WSIIs) were explored and their sources were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA). Duri...

Urbanization significantly influences meteorological conditions and air quality. Statistically, air pollution in the megacity of Shanghai usually occurs with cold weather fronts. An air pollution episode during a cold front was simulated using weathe...

The aim of ensemble precipitation prediction in this paper was to achieve the best performance via artificial intelligence (AI) based modeling. In this way, ensemble AI based modeling was proposed for prediction of monthly precipitation with three di...

For synoptic-scale motions the vertical velocity component is typically of the order of a few centimeters per second. In general, the vertical velocity is not measured directly but must be inferred from other meteorological fields that are measured d...

Settled dust samples were collected from Qingdao urban area to analyze the spatial distribution, chemical speciation and sources of metals, and to evaluate the health risk of metals from atmospheric dust. The average contents of Hg, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, P...

The Weather Research Forecast model (WRF) is used to examine the destructive potential of tropical cyclone (TC) Shanshan (2006) at various horizontal resolutions (7.5 km–1 km) with different cumulus parameterization (CP) schemes. It is found th...

In this study, the relationship between gravity wave (GW) potential energy (Ep) and the tropopause height and temperature over the globe was investigated using COSMIC radio occultation (RO) dry temperature profiles during September 2006 to May 2013....

Biomass burning is an important source of soluble Fe transported to the open ocean; however, its exact contribution remains unclear. Iron isotope ratios can be used as a tracer because Fe emitted by combustion can yield very low Fe isotope ratios due...

Aerated irrigation is proven to increase soil N₂O emissions; however, the mechanisms of N₂O release are still unknown. A field experiment for two consecutive greenhouse tomato-growing seasons, from August 2016 to July 2017, was carried out to examine...

Previous examination of rain gauge observations over a five-year period at high elevations within a river basin of the southern Appalachian Mountains showed that half of the extreme (upper 2.5%) rainfall events were associated with an atmospheric riv...

Sulphate aerosols are dominated by SO₂ emissions from coal-burning for the Indian electricity sector and they are thought to have a short term but significant, negative impact on South Asian Summer Monsoon rainfall. This reduction in precipitation in...

A long- and large-range heavy dust episode occurred from 3 to 8 May 2017 in China. To explore the impacts of this long-range dust transport episode on the chemical compositions and size distributions of urban aerosols, such instruments as an online a...

The distribution and transport of windblown dust that occurred in Northeast Asia from 28 March to 2 April 2012 was investigated. Data of particulate matter less than 10 micrometers (PM₁₀) near the surface and light detection and ranging (LiDAR) measu...

The surface air temperature (SAT) interannual variability during the spring-to-summer transition over South China (SC) has been decomposed into two dominant modes by applying empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis. The first EOF mode (EOF1) is...

The Fire and Smoke Model Evaluation Experiment (FASMEE) is designed to collect integrated observations from large wildland fires and provide evaluation datasets for new models and operational systems. Wildland fire, smoke dispersion, and atmospheric...

The spatial and temporal features of urban heat island (UHI) intensity in complex urban terrain are barely investigated. This study examines the UHI intensity variations in mountainous Chongqing using a dense surface monitoring network. The results s...

Through analyzing the concentrations of selected heavy metals (Ba, Mn, Pb, Sr, Zn) in the bones and teeth of wild living and ecologically equivalent ruminants from the Tian-Shan (Capra sibirica and Ovis ammon polii) and the West Carpathians (Rupicapr...

High concentrations of PM_2.5 are a primary cause of haze in the lower atmosphere. A better understanding of the spatial heterogeneity and driving factors of PM_2.5 concentrations is important for effective regional prevention and control. In this stud...

Diesel irrigation pumps are a source of air pollution in the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP). The environmental implications of these pumps are often overlooked and very rarely addressed in the IGP. Few studies in the past have estimated the amount of dies...

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) represent one of the most important categories of pollutants, influencing the air quality and human health and well-being in indoor environments. In the present study, 12 selected VOCs were sampled using Tenax TA tub...

The chemical composition and sources of non-refractory submicron aerosol (NR-PM₁) on Galway, a west coast city of Ireland, were characterized using an aerosol chemical speciation monitor during summertime in June 2016. Organic aerosol (OA) was found...

This study examines the differences between the North American dipole (NAD) and the North American Oscillation (NAO) in terms of their spatial structure, temporal variations, and climate impacts. The results indicate that the sea level pressure anoma...

The variability of storm surge poses a significant threat to coastal areas. A new metric named Accumulated Storm surge Potential Impact (ASPI) is proposed based on a new intensity parameter that removes other components from storm surge-induced water...

A meteorological drought was observed over North China in the 2017–2018 winter, which was accompanied by record-breaking consecutive non-precipitation days over many regions of central North China. Inspection on historical observations beginnin...

In this contribution, the authors present their preliminary investigations into modeling the rainfall–runoff generation relation in a large subtropical catchment (Jiulong River catchment) on the southeast coast of China. Previous studies have m...

Courtyards are an omnipresent feature within the urban environment. Residents often use courtyards as recreation areas, which makes them crucial for the physical and psychological comfort of the urban population. However, considering that courtyards...

The diurnal cycle of convection and precipitation is an important atmospheric feature. It also poses a great challenge to global numerical atmospheric modeling. Over continental East Asia, most global models cannot well capture the nocturnal and earl...

During the summers of 2011 and 2012, two scientific cruises were carried out over the Arctic Ocean aiming at the determination of the aerosol chemical composition in this pristine environment. First, mass spectrometry was applied to study the concent...