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• Pena, A
• Lino, C
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• Lino, C
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• Pena, A
• Lino, C

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Toxins 2010, 2(6), 1225-1249; doi:10.3390/toxins2061225

Review

Ochratoxin A in Portugal: A Review to Assess Human Exposure

Sofia C. Duarte, Angelina Pena and Celeste M. Lino*

Group of Health Surveillance, Center of Pharmaceutical Studies, University of Coimbra, Health Sciences Campus, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal

* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received: 7 May 2010; in revised form: 17 May 2010 / Accepted: 26 May 2010 / Published: 1 June 2010

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ochratoxins)

Download PDF Full-Text [290 KB, uploaded 1 June 2010 10:14 CEST]

Abstract: In Portugal, the climate, dietary habits, and food contamination levels present the characteristics for higher population susceptibility to ochratoxin A (OTA), one of the known mycotoxins with the greatest public health and agro-economic importance. In this review, following a brief historical insight on OTA research, a summary of the available data on OTA occurrence in food (cereals, bread, wine, meat) and biological fluids (blood, urine) is made. With this data, an estimation of intake is made to ascertain and update the risk exposure estimation of the Portuguese population, in comparison to previous studies and other populations.

Keywords: ochratoxin A; Portugal; exposure; food; biomarker; cereal; bread; wine

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