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Viruses 2010, 2(4), 972-986; doi:10.3390/v2040972

Review

Lipid Membranes in Poxvirus Replication

Jason P. Laliberte and Bernard Moss *

Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA

* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received: 5 March 2010; in revised form: 26 March 2010 / Accepted: 30 March 2010 / Published: 6 April 2010

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Role of Lipids in Virus Replication)

Download PDF Full-Text [223 KB, uploaded 6 April 2010 16:55 CEST]

Abstract: Poxviruses replicate in the cytoplasm, where they acquire multiple lipoprotein membranes. Although a proposal that the initial membrane arises de novo has not been substantiated, there is no accepted explanation for its formation from cellular membranes. A subsequent membrane-wrapping step involving modified trans-Golgi or endosomal cisternae results in a particle with three membranes. These wrapped virions traverse the cytoplasm on microtubules; the outermost membrane is lost during exocytosis, the middle one is lost just prior to cell entry, and the remaining membrane fuses with the cell to allow the virus core to enter the cytoplasm and initiate a new infection.

Keywords: phospholipids; transmembrane proteins; virus entry; endocytosis; virus assembly; exocytosis

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