Determination of Aflatoxins in Peanut Products in the Northeast Region of São Paulo, Brazil

Abstract: The aim of the present study was to determine aflatoxin levels in peanut products traded in the Northeast region of São Paulo, Brazil. To this end, 240 samples of peanut products traded in the cities of Araras, Leme, Pirassununga and Porto Ferreira were collected from June 2006 to May 2007. The samples were analyzed for aflatoxins (AF) B₁, B₂, G₁ and G₂ by high performance liquid chromatography. Results showed 44.2% samples positive for AF at levels of 0.5 to 103.8 mg·kg^-1. Nine of the positive samples (3.7% of the analysed samples) had total aflatoxin concentrations (B₁+B₂+G₁+G₂) higher than the limit established by Brazilian regulations (20 mg·kg^-1). Based on the above data, the probable mean daily intake (PDI_M) of aflatoxins from peanut products in the Northeast region of São Paulo was estimated to be 0.23 ng kg b.w. day^-1. Although this PDI_M value was relatively low, results indicate that aflatoxin contamination of peanut products may be a public health concern in Brazil, when considering the potential exposure of highly susceptible consumers. For example, it should be emphasized that children are potentially exposed to aflatoxins, since they consume large quantities of peanut candies, and these products had the highest number of samples positive for AFB₁.