Molecules 2010, 15(7), 4947-4960; doi:10.3390/molecules15074947
Review

Extremely Efficient Catalysis of Carbon-Carbon Bond Formation Using "Click" Dendrimer-Stabilized Palladium Nanoparticles

Didier Astruc* email, Cátia Ornelas, Abdou K. Diallo and Jaime Ruiz
ISM, UMR CNRS N°5255, Université Bordeaux 1, 3305 Talence Cedex, France
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 24 June 2010; in revised form: 8 July 2010 / Accepted: 12 July 2010 / Published: 20 July 2010
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nano-catalysts and Nano-technologies for Green Organic Synthesis)
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Abstract: This article is an account of the work carried out in the authors’ laboratory illustrating the usefulness of dendrimer design for nanoparticle palladium catalysis. The “click” synthesis of dendrimers constructed generation by generation by 1à3 C connectivity, introduces 1,2,3-triazolyl ligands insides the dendrimers at each generation. Complexation of the ligands by PdII followed by reduction to Pd0 forms dendrimer-stabilized Pd nanoparticles (PdNPs) that are extremely reactive in the catalysis of olefin hydrogenation and C-C bond coupling reactions. The stabilization can be outer-dendritic for the small zeroth-generation dendrimer or intra-dendritic for the larger first- and second-generation dendrimers. The example of the Miyaura-Suzuki reaction that can be catalyzed by down to 1 ppm of PdNPs with a “homeopathic” mechanism (the less, the better) is illustrated here, including catalysis in aqueous solvents.
Keywords: palladium; catalysis; nanoparticle; dendrimer; "click reaction"

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MDPI and ACS Style

Astruc, D.; Ornelas, C.; Diallo, A.K.; Ruiz, J. Extremely Efficient Catalysis of Carbon-Carbon Bond Formation Using "Click" Dendrimer-Stabilized Palladium Nanoparticles. Molecules 2010, 15, 4947-4960.

AMA Style

Astruc D, Ornelas C, Diallo AK, Ruiz J. Extremely Efficient Catalysis of Carbon-Carbon Bond Formation Using "Click" Dendrimer-Stabilized Palladium Nanoparticles. Molecules. 2010; 15(7):4947-4960.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Astruc, Didier; Ornelas, Cátia; Diallo, Abdou K.; Ruiz, Jaime. 2010. "Extremely Efficient Catalysis of Carbon-Carbon Bond Formation Using "Click" Dendrimer-Stabilized Palladium Nanoparticles." Molecules 15, no. 7: 4947-4960.

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