Biological Variability and Impact of Oral Contraceptives on Vitamins B6, B12 and Folate Status in Women of Reproductive Age
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Section
2.1. Participants
2.2. Blood Collection and Analysis
2.3. Dietary and Exercise Data
2.4. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
3.1. Blood Analyses
3.1.1. Variability
CVG % | CVI % | CVI/CVG | RCV (95%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Serum | ||||
Vitamin B6 (nmol/L) | 31.7 | 25.7 | 0.81 | 72.8 |
Vitamin B12 (pmol/L) | 62.2 | 16.1 | 0.26 | 49.8 |
Folate (nmol/L) | 36.8 | 20.4 | 0.55 | 60.7 |
Erythrocyte | ||||
Folate (nmol/L) | 39.1 | 16.1 | 0.41 | 49.8 |
3.1.2. Relationships
3.2. Dietary Analyses
week 0 | week 12 | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Daily Vitamin Intake/MJ | Daily Vitamin Intake/MJ | |||||||||
ID n = 22 | Age year | BMI kg/m2 | Energy MJ/day | Vit B6 mg | Vit B12 μg | Folate Eq μg | Energy MJ/day | Vit B6 mg | Vit B12 μg | Folate Eq μg |
i | 18.5 | 24.3 | 22.6 | 0.19 | 0.31 | 31.38 | 16.3 | 0.14 | 0.22 | 37.14 |
ii | 24.8 | 23.0 | 19.4 | 0.19 | 0.31 | 69.90 | 17.3 | 0.18 | 0.21 | 79.43 |
iii | 26.3 | 19.5 | 15.8 | 0.10 | 0.14 a | 34.57 | 11.7 | 0.10 b | 0.14 | 38.47 |
iv c | 25.9 | 25.4 | 9.5 | 0.24 | 0.39 | 168.56 | 8.0 | 0.25 | 0.54 | 95.35 |
v c | 27.1 | 24.7 | 9.3 | 0.18 | 0.27 | 27.68 | 8.9 | 0.17 | 0.14 | 85.73 |
vi c | 32.0 | 20.6 | 10.7 | 0.15 | 0.53 | 37.59 | 6.8 | 0.15 b | 0.32 | 56.56 |
vii c | 20.0 | 23.3 | 10.7 | 0.17 | 0.22 a | 26.75 | 12.5 | 0.17 | 0.21 | 25.63 |
viii | 23.1 | 19.0 | 12.2 | 0.19 | 0.48 | 223.19 | 7.7 | 0.21 | 0.60 | 287.99 |
ix | 30.2 | 22.0 | 7.5 | 0.24 | 0.55 | 36.14 | 3.2 | 0.37 a | 0.49 | 28.78 |
x c | 20.0 | 25.5 | 8.6 | 0.18 | 0.31 | 37.77 | 8.1 | 0.19 | 0.43 | 37.89 |
xi c | 21.8 | 21.7 | 22.5 | 0.16 | 0.25 | 61.63 | 24.4 | 0.16 | 0.21 | 58.86 |
xii c | 22.0 | 22.0 | 13.7 | 0.17 | 0.38 | 32.74 | 9.4 | 0.17 | 0.37 | 27.47 |
xiii | 22.2 | 21.2 | 9.0 | 0.23 | 0.45 | 94.10 | 7.3 | 0.20 | 0.42 | 100.13 |
xiv | 24.8 | 19.7 | 14.5 | 0.15 | 0.27 | 28.55 | 13.4 | 0.15 | 0.13 | 28.26 |
xv | 26.8 | 22.8 | 11.3 | 0.10 a | 0.19 a | 38.62 | 14.5 | 0.10 | 0.26 | 36.19 |
xvi c | 33.7 | 21.0 | 8.7 | 0.18 | 0.23 b | 43.87 | 7.0 | 0.19 | 0.19 | 90.79 |
xvii | 25.3 | 24.5 | 12.9 | 0.20 | 0.31 | 53.24 | 11.0 | 0.18 | 0.26 | 38.07 |
xviii c | 34.1 | 22.6 | 10.7 | 0.17 | 0.21 a | 30.56 | 9.1 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 39.75 |
xix | 24.1 | 18.7 | 5.9 | 0.61 | 0.44 | 55.73 | 6.2 | 0.25 | 0.61 | 30.84 |
xx | 23.5 | 20.1 | 16.0 | 0.17 | 0.20 | 49.83 | 26.2 | 0.09 | 0.24 | 35.25 |
xxi | 24.3 | 18.7 | 25.5 | 0.20 | 0.44 | 21.00 | 9.6 | 0.43 | 0.16 | 67.98 |
xxii | 24.0 | 20.3 | 13.7 | 0.21 | 0.39 | 28.67 | 10.9 | 0.21 | 0.60 | 15.33 |
Mean | 25.2 | 21.9 | 13.2 | 0.20 | 0.33 | 56.00 | 11.3 | 0.19 | 0.31 | 61.00 |
SD | 4.2 | 2.2 | 5.3 | 0.10 | 0.12 | 49.04 | 5.6 | 0.08 | 0.17 | 56.69 |
Median | 24.6 | 21.9 | 11.7 | 0.18 | 0.31 | 37.68 | 9.5 | 0.18 | 0.25 | 38.27 |
Min value | 18.5 | 18.7 | 5.9 | 0.10 | 0.14 | 21.00 | 3.2 | 0.09 | 0.13 | 15.33 |
Max value | 34.1 | 25.5 | 25.5 | 0.61 | 0.55 | 223.19 | 26.2 | 0.43 | 0.61 | 287.99 |
Rank a | Vitamin B6 | Vitamin B12 | Folate | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
food | % b | food | % b | food | % b | |
beef and veal | 29 | beef and veal | 19 | reduced fat milk | 16 | |
2 | asian greens | 11 | lamb | 17 | tomato (raw) | 14 |
3 | carrot | 11 | egg | 13 | mixed green salad | 13 |
4 | reduced fat milk | 9 | fish | 13 | strawberries | 13 |
5 | banana | 9 | energy drinks | 12 | vegetarian lasagne | 13 |
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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McArthur, J.O.; Tang, H.; Petocz, P.; Samman, S. Biological Variability and Impact of Oral Contraceptives on Vitamins B6, B12 and Folate Status in Women of Reproductive Age. Nutrients 2013, 5, 3634-3645. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu5093634
McArthur JO, Tang H, Petocz P, Samman S. Biological Variability and Impact of Oral Contraceptives on Vitamins B6, B12 and Folate Status in Women of Reproductive Age. Nutrients. 2013; 5(9):3634-3645. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu5093634
Chicago/Turabian StyleMcArthur, Jennifer O., HoMan Tang, Peter Petocz, and Samir Samman. 2013. "Biological Variability and Impact of Oral Contraceptives on Vitamins B6, B12 and Folate Status in Women of Reproductive Age" Nutrients 5, no. 9: 3634-3645. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu5093634