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Universe
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Advances in Gravitational Lensing and Gravitational Waves Research
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Advances in Gravitational Lensing and Gravitational Waves Research

A special issue of Universe (ISSN 2218-1997). This special issue belongs to the section "Gravitation".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2023) | Viewed by 3828

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Eugeniu Mihnea Popescu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Space Science, Nr. 409, Atomistilor Street, 077125 Magurele, Romania
Interests: high-energy physics; astroparticle physics; gravitational waves; experimental gravity; instrumentation development
Dr. Lucia Aurelia Popa

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Space Science, Nr. 409, Atomistilor Street, 077125 Magurele, Romania
Interests: cosmology; cosmic microwave background; large-scale structure; dark matter; dark energy; modified gravity; gravitational waves; astroparticle physics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Theoretical and experimental contributions on various topics are welcome, including the current contributions of gravitational lensing and gravitational waves to our understanding of galaxy formation and evolution, dark matter and dark energy properties; the complementarity with other methods as well as key tests at the interface of theory, phenomenology and observations that will be feasible in the near future.

The combined analysis of a variety of astrophysical and cosmological observations established that the energy density of the Universe is dominated by two dark components, namely dark matter and dark energy, whose nature and properties remain still unknown.

It is now widely accepted that gravitational lensing represents a unique tool that allows one to directly probe dark matter and dark energy, as the lensing effect is insensitive to the physical nature of the mass constituents and the mass distribution producing the gravitational field. The coherent pattern of image distortions from gravitational lensing of galaxies, groups and dark matter halos are direct probes of the location and distribution of mass concentrations in the Universe, allowing one to test the validity of the theory of gravity at cosmological scales. The strong gravitational lensing can reveal the densest regions in galaxies and groups, probing the structure of distant magnified galaxies and dark matter distribution. In a weak gravitational lensing regime, it is possible to map the structures in the dark matter distribution statistically, by averaging the distortions of many background galaxies and measuring the correlations in the shear field. Further, cosmological weak lensing by large-scale structures on distant galaxies can constrain the cosmological parameters, leading to direct determination of the dark matter power spectrum that can be used to test different modified gravity theories. The distortion pattern imprinted on the images of distant light sources is sensitive to distance ratios between observer, lens and source redshifts, as well as to the amplitude of the projected mass density contrast along the line of sight. Cosmological weak lensing is also among the most powerful probes of the dark energy equation of state.

Gravitational lensing offers information on the steady Universe. In order to complete the picture, we invite contributions dealing with gravitational waves (both primordial and produced in recent events), as imprints of the violent Universe. Papers on ground-based searches and future space experiments and the corresponding theoretical developments are welcome. Gravitational waves detection in coincidence with signals in different windows (the multi-messenger approach) are also significant for this Special Issue.

Dr. Eugeniu Mihnea Popescu
Dr. Lucia Aurelia Popa
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Universe is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • galaxy formation
  • galaxy evolution
  • dark matter
  • dark energy
  • cosmic shear
  • cosmological parameters
  • gravitational lensing observations
  • modified gravity
  • gravitational waves

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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21 pages, 3926 KiB  
Article
Probing the Lorentz Invariance Violation via Gravitational Lensing and Analytical Eigenmodes of Perturbed Slowly Rotating Bumblebee Black Holes
by Mert Mangut, Huriye Gürsel, Sara Kanzi and İzzet Sakallı
Universe 2023, 9(5), 225; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe9050225 - 12 May 2023
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 1038
Abstract
The ability of bumblebee gravity models to explain dark energy, which is the phenomenon responsible for the universe’s observed accelerated expansion, is one of their most significant applications. An effect that causes faster expansion can be linked to how much the Lorentz symmetry [...] Read more.
The ability of bumblebee gravity models to explain dark energy, which is the phenomenon responsible for the universe’s observed accelerated expansion, is one of their most significant applications. An effect that causes faster expansion can be linked to how much the Lorentz symmetry of our universe is violated. Moreover, since we do not know what generates dark energy, the bumblebee gravity theory seems highly plausible. By utilizing the physical changes happening around a rotating bumblebee black hole (RBBH), we aim to obtain more specific details about the bumblebee black hole’s spacetime and our universe. However, as researched in the literature, slow-spinning RBBH (SRBBH) spacetime, which has a higher accuracy, will be considered instead of general RBBH. To this end, we first employ the Rindler–Ishak method (RIM), which enables us to study how light is bent in the vicinity of a gravitational lens. We evaluate the deflection angle of null geodesics in the equatorial plane of the SRBBH spacetime. Then, we use astrophysical data to see the effect of the Lorentz symmetry breaking (LSB) parameter on the bending angle of light for numerous astrophysical stars and black holes. We also acquire the analytical greybody factors (GFs) and quasinormal modes (QNMs) of the SRBBH. Finally, we visualize and discuss the results obtained in the conclusion section. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Gravitational Lensing and Gravitational Waves Research)
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Review

Jump to: Research

28 pages, 970 KiB  
Review
Strong Gravitational Lensing of Gravitational Waves: A Review
by Margherita Grespan and Marek Biesiada
Universe 2023, 9(5), 200; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe9050200 - 22 Apr 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2117
Abstract
The first successful detection of gravitational waves (GWs) opened up a new window to study a realm of the most violent phenomena in the universe, such as coalescences of binary black holes (BH–BH), binary neutron stars (NS–NS), and mixed (BH–NS) systems, which are [...] Read more.
The first successful detection of gravitational waves (GWs) opened up a new window to study a realm of the most violent phenomena in the universe, such as coalescences of binary black holes (BH–BH), binary neutron stars (NS–NS), and mixed (BH–NS) systems, which are mostly inaccessible in the electromagnetic window. On the other hand, strong gravitational lensing of distant sources, such as galaxies and quasars, by other massive objects lying closer along the line of sight has become a powerful tool in cosmology and astrophysics. With the increasing sensitivity of the new generation of GW detectors, the chances to detect a strongly lensed GW signal are increasing. When GWs are strongly lensed, magnification of the signal intensity is expected, unveiling binary compact objects otherwise too distant to be detected. Such systems are important for their plethora of applications. Lensed GWs can be a test for general relativity, constrain mass distribution in galaxies or galaxy clusters, and provide cosmography information independently of the local cosmic ladders. In this review, we will provide a theoretical background of the gravitational lensing of GWs, including the wave optics regime, which becomes important in this context. Then we will describe the possible cosmological and astrophysical insight hidden in these signals, and present the state-of-the-art searches of lensed GWs in the present and future GW observatories. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Gravitational Lensing and Gravitational Waves Research)
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