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Mineralogy of Meteorites
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Mineralogy of Meteorites

A special issue of Minerals (ISSN 2075-163X). This special issue belongs to the section "Mineral Geochemistry and Geochronology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (29 February 2020) | Viewed by 23094

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Victor V. Sharygin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
V.S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch of the RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
Interests: pyrometamorphism; combustion metamorphism; coal fires; burned dumps; paralava; new minerals; silicate-melt and fluid inclusions in minerals; mineralogy of alkaline rocks; carbonatites; kimberlites; mineralogy of meteorites
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

More than 435 mineral species have been identified in different types of meteorites (Rubin and Ma, 2017). The appearance of some minerals in meteorites is related to processes of their transformations, such as shock metamorphism, impact melting, solar heating and melting, atmospheric passage, terrestrial weathering, etc. The individual minerals and mineral associations may record the history of meteorites (and/or their parental bodies) before and after their landing on the Earth.

This Special Issue invites contributions dealing with mineralogical aspects in meteorite studies: A general description of individual meteorites; the discovery of new minerals; crystal chemistry and geochemistry of minerals; isotope geochemistry of minerals; silicate-melt, metal-sulfide, and fluid inclusions in minerals; mineralogy of impact associations and fusion crust; terrestrial alteration; etc. Papers concerning HPT-experiments with meteorites and new advances via different spectroscopic and X-ray methods (IR, Raman, Mössbauer, XANES, EBSD, and so on) are also welcome.

The aim of this Special Issue is to collect research papers presenting the recent studies in the mineralogy of meteorites.

Dr. Victor V. Sharygin
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Minerals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Different types of meteorites
  • Primary and new-formed minerals
  • Impact veins
  • Impact melt
  • Silicate-melt, sulfide, and fluid inclusions in minerals
  • Fusion crust
  • Alteration processes
  • Terrestrial weathering
  • PT-experiments with meteorites

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research

5 pages, 221 KiB  
Editorial
Editorial for Special Issue “Mineralogy of Meteorites”
by Victor V. Sharygin
Minerals 2021, 11(4), 363; https://doi.org/10.3390/min11040363 - 31 Mar 2021
Viewed by 1731
Abstract
Over 435 mineral species have been found in different types of meteorites (updated list for 2016) [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mineralogy of Meteorites)

Research

Jump to: Editorial

29 pages, 7638 KiB  
Article
Mineralogy of Silicate-Natrophosphate Immiscible Inclusion in Elga IIE Iron Meteorite
by Victor V. Sharygin
Minerals 2020, 10(5), 437; https://doi.org/10.3390/min10050437 - 13 May 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 4403
Abstract
Rare type of silicate inclusions found in the Elga iron meteorite (group IIE) has a very specific mineral composition and shows silicate (≈90%)–natrophosphate (≈10%) liquid immiscibility due to meniscus-like isolation of Na-Ca-Mg-Fe phosphates. The 3 mm wide immiscible inclusion has been first studied [...] Read more.
Rare type of silicate inclusions found in the Elga iron meteorite (group IIE) has a very specific mineral composition and shows silicate (≈90%)–natrophosphate (≈10%) liquid immiscibility due to meniscus-like isolation of Na-Ca-Mg-Fe phosphates. The 3 mm wide immiscible inclusion has been first studied in detail using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, electron microprobe analysis and Raman spectroscopy. The silicate part of the inclusion contains fine-grained quartz-feldspar aggregate and mafic minerals. The relationships of feldspars indicate solid decay of initially homogenous K-Na-feldspar into albite and K-feldspar with decreasing of temperature. Some mafic minerals in the silicate part are exotic in composition: the dominant phase is an obertiite-subgroup oxyamphibole (amphibole supergroup), varying from ferri-obertiite NaNa2Mg3Fe3+Ti[Si8O22]O2 to hypothetical NaNa2Mg3Fe2+0.5Ti1.5[Si8O22]O2; minor phases are the aenigmatite-subgroup mineral (sapphirine supergroup) with composition close to median value of the Na2Fe2+5TiSi6O18O2-Na2Mg5TiSi6O18O2 join, orthopyroxene (enstatite), clinopyroxene of the diopside Ca(Mg,Fe)Si2O6–kosmochlor NaCrSi2O6-Na(Mg,Fe)0.5Ti0.5Si2O6 series and chromite. The alteration phases are represented by Fe-dominant chlorite, goethite and hydrated Na2O-rich (2.3–3.3 wt.%) Fe-phosphate close to vivianite. Natrophosphate part consists of aggregate of three orthophosphates (brianite, czochralskiite, marićite) and minor Na-Cr-Ti-clinopyroxene, pentlandite, rarely taenite. Czochralskiite Na4Ca3Mg(PO4)4 is rich in FeO (2.3–5.1 wt.%) and MnO (0.4–1.5 wt.%). Brianite Na2CaMg(PO4)2 contains FeO (3.0–4.3 wt.%) and MnO (0.3–0.7 wt.%) and marićite NaFe(PO4) bears MnO (5.5–6.2 wt.%), MgO (5.3–6.2 wt.%) and CaO (0.5–1.5 wt.%). The contact between immiscible parts is decorated by enstatite zone in the silicate part and diopside–kosmochlor clinopyroxene zone in the natrophosphate ones. The mineralogy of the studied immiscible inclusion outlines three potentially new mineral species, which were first identified in meteorites: obertiite–related oxyamphibole NaNa2Mg3Fe2+0.5Ti1.5[Si8O22]O2, Mg-analog of aenigmatite Na2Mg5TiSi6O18O2 and Na-Ti-rich clinopyroxene Na(Mg,Fe)0.5Ti0.5Si2O6. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mineralogy of Meteorites)
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13 pages, 2786 KiB  
Article
Xenophyllite, Na4Fe7(PO4)6, an Exotic Meteoritic Phosphate: New Mineral Description, Na-ions Mobility and Electrochemical Implications
by Sergey N. Britvin, Sergey V. Krivovichev, Edita V. Obolonskaya, Natalia S. Vlasenko, Vladimir N. Bocharov and Vera V. Bryukhanova
Minerals 2020, 10(4), 300; https://doi.org/10.3390/min10040300 - 27 Mar 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3428
Abstract
Xenophyllite, ideally Na4Fe7(PO4)6, is a rare meteoritic phosphate found in phosphide-phosphate assemblages confined to troilite nodules of the Augustinovka iron meteorite (medium octahedrite, IIIAB). The mineral occurs as tiny lamella up to 0.15 mm long [...] Read more.
Xenophyllite, ideally Na4Fe7(PO4)6, is a rare meteoritic phosphate found in phosphide-phosphate assemblages confined to troilite nodules of the Augustinovka iron meteorite (medium octahedrite, IIIAB). The mineral occurs as tiny lamella up to 0.15 mm long cross-cutting millimeter-sized grains of sarcopside, Fe3(PO4)2, associated with schreibersite, chromite and pentlandite. Xenophyllite is translucent, has a bluish-green to grey-green color and vitreous lustre. Moh’s hardness is 3.5–4. Cleavage is perfect on {001}. Measured density is 3.58(5) g/cm3. The mineral is biaxial (−), 2V 10–20°, with refractive indexes: α 1.675(2), β 1.681(2), γ 1.681 (2). Chemical composition of the holotype specimen (electron microprobe, wt.%) is: Na2O 10.9, K2O 0.4, MnO 5.8, FeO 42.1, Cr2O3 0.8, P2O5 40.7, total 100.7, corresponding to the empirical formula (Na3.67K0.09)Σ3.76(Fe2+6.12Mn2+0.85Cr0.11)Σ7.08P5.99O24.00. Xenophyllite is triclinic, P1 or P-1, a 9.643(6), b 9.633(5), c 17.645(11) Å; α 88.26(5), β 88.16(5), γ 64.83(5)°, V 1482(2) Å3, Z = 3. The toichiome C-centered subcell has the following dimensions: a 16.257(9), b 10.318(8), c 6.257(9) Å, β = 112.77(9)°, V 968(2) Å3, Z = 2. Xenophyllite is structurally related to synthetic phosphate Kna3Fe7(PO4)6 having a channel-type structure, and galileiite, NaFe4(PO4)3. The variations of chemical composition of xenophyllite ranging from Na4Fe7(PO4)6 to almost Na2Fe8(PO4)6 are accounted for by Na-ions mobility. The latter property makes xenophyllite a promising prototype for cathode materials used in sodium-ion batteries. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mineralogy of Meteorites)
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19 pages, 9768 KiB  
Article
Uakitite, VN, a New Mononitride Mineral from Uakit Iron Meteorite (IIAB)
by Victor V. Sharygin, German S. Ripp, Grigoriy A. Yakovlev, Yurii V. Seryotkin, Nikolai S. Karmanov, Ivan A. Izbrodin, Victor I. Grokhovsky and Elena A. Khromova
Minerals 2020, 10(2), 150; https://doi.org/10.3390/min10020150 - 10 Feb 2020
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 5515
Abstract
Uakitite was observed in small troilite–daubréelite (±schreibersite) inclusions (up to 100 µm) and in large troilite–daubréelite nodules (up to 1 cm) in Fe-Ni-metal (kamacite) of the Uakit iron meteorite (IIAB), Republic of Buryatia, Russia. Such associations in the Uakit meteorite seemed to form [...] Read more.
Uakitite was observed in small troilite–daubréelite (±schreibersite) inclusions (up to 100 µm) and in large troilite–daubréelite nodules (up to 1 cm) in Fe-Ni-metal (kamacite) of the Uakit iron meteorite (IIAB), Republic of Buryatia, Russia. Such associations in the Uakit meteorite seemed to form due to high-temperature (>1000 °C) separation of Fe-Cr-rich sulfide liquid from Fe-metal melt. Most inclusions represent alternation of layers of troilite and daubréelite, which may be a result of solid decay of an initial Fe-Cr-sulfide. These inclusions are partially resorbed and mainly located in fissures of the meteorite, which is now filled with magnetite, and rarely other secondary minerals. Phase relations indicate that uakitite is one of the early minerals in these associations. It forms isometric (cubic) crystals (in daubréelite) or rounded grains (in schreibersite). The size of uakitite grains is usually less than 5 μm. It is associated with sulfides (daubréelite, troilite, grokhovskyite), schreibersite and magnetite. Carlsbergite CrN, a more abundant nitride in the Uakit meteorite, was not found in any assemblages with uakitite. Physical and optical properties of uakitite are quite similar to synthetic VN: yellow and transparent phase with metallic luster; Mohs hardness: 9–10; light gray color with a pinky tint in reflected light; density (calc.) = 6.128 g/cm3. Uakitite is structurally related to the osbornite group minerals: carlsbergite CrN and osbornite TiN. Structural data were obtained for three uakitite crystals using the electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) technique. Fitting of the EBSD patterns for a synthetic VN model (cubic, Fm-3m, a = 4.1328(3) Å; V = 70.588(9) Å3; Z = 4) resulted in the parameter MAD = 0.14–0.37° (best-good fit). Analytical data for uakitite (n = 54, in wt. %) are: V, 71.33; Cr, 5.58; Fe, 1.56; N, 21.41; Ti, below detection limit (<0.005). The empirical formula (V0.91Cr0.07Fe0.02)1.00N1.00 indicates that chromium incorporates in the structure according to the scheme V3+ → Cr3+ (up to 7 mol. % of the carlsbergite end-member). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mineralogy of Meteorites)
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22 pages, 11077 KiB  
Article
Apatite from NWA 10153 and NWA 10645—The Key to Deciphering Magmatic and Fluid Evolution History in Nakhlites
by Łukasz Birski, Ewa Słaby, Elias Chatzitheodoridis, Richard Wirth, Katarzyna Majzner, Gabriela A. Kozub-Budzyń, Jiří Sláma, Katarzyna Liszewska, Izabela Kocjan and Anna Zagórska
Minerals 2019, 9(11), 695; https://doi.org/10.3390/min9110695 - 10 Nov 2019
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3841
Abstract
Apatites from Martian nakhlites NWA 10153 and NWA 10645 were used to obtain insight into their crystallization environment and the subsequent postcrystallization evolution path. The research results acquired using multi-tool analyses show distinctive transformation processes that were not fully completed. The crystallization history [...] Read more.
Apatites from Martian nakhlites NWA 10153 and NWA 10645 were used to obtain insight into their crystallization environment and the subsequent postcrystallization evolution path. The research results acquired using multi-tool analyses show distinctive transformation processes that were not fully completed. The crystallization history of three apatite generations (OH-bearing, Cl-rich fluorapatite as well as OH-poor, F-rich chlorapatite and fluorapatite) were reconstructed using transmission electron microscopy and geochemical analyses. Magmatic OH-bearing, Cl-rich fluorapatite changed its primary composition and evolved toward OH-poor, F-rich chlorapatite because of its interaction with fluids. Degassing of restitic magma causes fluorapatite crystallization, which shows a strong structural affinity for the last episode of system evolution. In addition to the three apatite generations, a fourth amorphous phase of calcium phosphate has been identified with Raman spectroscopy. This amorphous phase may be considered a transition phase between magmatic and hydrothermal phases. It may give insight into the dissolution process of magmatic phosphates, help in processing reconstruction, and allow to decipher mineral interactions with hydrothermal fluids. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mineralogy of Meteorites)
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15 pages, 6902 KiB  
Article
Chondrite Shock Metamorphism History Assessed by Non-Destructive Analyses on Ca-Phosphates and Feldspars in the Cangas de Onís Regolith Breccia
by Alvaro Rubio-Ordóñez, Olga García-Moreno, Luis Miguel Rodríguez Terente, Javier García-Guinea and Laura Tormo
Minerals 2019, 9(7), 417; https://doi.org/10.3390/min9070417 - 9 Jul 2019
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2825
Abstract
The Cangas de Onís regolith breccia is an H5-H6 ordinary chondrite that fell to Earth in 1866. It is constituted by 60% H6-H5 clasts within an H5 clastic matrix. All clasts are affected by intense fissuration, with an intricate pattern filled by kamacite [...] Read more.
The Cangas de Onís regolith breccia is an H5-H6 ordinary chondrite that fell to Earth in 1866. It is constituted by 60% H6-H5 clasts within an H5 clastic matrix. All clasts are affected by intense fissuration, with an intricate pattern filled by kamacite and troilite, shock metamorphism of plagioclase into maskelynite. The chondrite is composed of low-Ca pyroxene, olivine and plagioclase as the main silicate phases, with two types of phosphates, taenite-kamacite blebs and troilite. The specimen was studied by micro-Raman spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectrophotometry (FTIR), spectral cathodoluminescence and computer tomography. The ease with which the specimens can be prepared for analysis using these techniques, and the speed with which relevant information can be obtained, make them excellent tools for the study of non-replaceable materials. Moreover, the Raman and FTIR results offer enough resolution to reveal heterogeneities in the shocked metamorphism throughout the specimen. The obtained results showed that the extent of the metamorphic conditions within the studied sample is heterogeneous, which leads us to believe that the last accretionary event that took place in this regolithic breccia was not significant enough to allow for overall homogenization. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mineralogy of Meteorites)
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