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“Palaeolimnological Archives”: Unpacking Secrets of Ancient Lakes through the Lens...
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“Palaeolimnological Archives”: Unpacking Secrets of Ancient Lakes through the Lens of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Petrology

A special issue of Minerals (ISSN 2075-163X). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Mineralogy and Biogeochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2023) | Viewed by 3621

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Qi Fu

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Guest Editor
Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77004, USA
Interests: organic geochemistry; stable isotope geochemistry
Dr. Thomas Gentzis

E-Mail
Guest Editor
Core Laboratories LP, 6316 Windfern Road, Houston, TX 77040, USA
Interests: organic petrology of unconventional rocks; trace element geochemistry; source rock analysis; thermal maturity
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Lakes play a major role in the evolution of ecosystems, the development of geology, and the generation of fossil fuels. They are an integral part of the elemental (carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur) (bio)geochemical cycles on Earth. Aqueous chemistry and mineralogy in lakes may be the manifest of chemical and biological reactions in the depths, and are targeted materials to reconstruct paleoenvironments and paleoclimates. Organic matter deposited in lacustrine environments may be the precursor of crude oil and natural gas. This Special Issue collates cross-disciplinary studies focused on the geological and biological processes of lacustrine environments. Our ultimate goal is to decipher the records preserved in the lake water, rocks, and sediments using different approaches, to advance our knowledge of (bio)geochemical processes under lacustrine/sublacustrine conditions, and to assess the impact of those processes on the history of the Earth. Contributions describing diverse approaches from different research areas are welcome, including field studies, laboratory experiments, and advanced analytical characterizations (stable isotopes, geothermometry, biomarkers, and other geochemical proxies). The topics may include, but are not limited to: case studies of lake drill cores; the generation of petroleum and natural gas with sapropelic kerogen; mineral-catalyzed abiotic and microbial processes; paleoenvironment/paleoclimate reconstruction using carbonate clumped isotope thermometry; the role of minerals and fluids in environmental limnology and ecosystem evolution; and mass transfer and elemental cycles in terrestrial hydrothermal systems.

Dr. Qi Fu
Dr. Thomas Gentzis
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Minerals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • aqueous chemistry
  • ecosystems
  • elemental cycles
  • hydrothermal systems
  • isotopes
  • lacustrine environment
  • environmental limnology
  • microbial processes
  • mineral alteration
  • natural gas
  • paleoclimate
  • paleoenvironment
  • petroleum
  • organic matter
  • trace element proxies and stable isotopes
  • organic matter pyrolysis and kinetics
  • paleodepositional envionment conditions and paleoclimate
  • sulfur speciation

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 4291 KiB  
Article
Distribution of Glycerol Dialkyl Glycerol Tetraethers (GDGTs) in Carbonate-Type and Sulfate-Type Lacustrine Sediments: Insight into the Influence of Ionic Composition on GDGTs
by Yongxin Chen, Xilong Zhang, Wen Qi, Gaoqing Zhang, Yu Pei, Xuan Fang, Yanqing Xia and Shengyin Zhang
Minerals 2022, 12(10), 1233; https://doi.org/10.3390/min12101233 - 28 Sep 2022
Viewed by 1341
Abstract
The distribution of glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) in carbonate-type and sulfate-type saline lacustrine sediments from the Ordos Plateau in China is investigated to explore the influence of ionic composition on GDGTs. In general, they are relatively small (1.2–6.0 km2 surface area) [...] Read more.
The distribution of glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) in carbonate-type and sulfate-type saline lacustrine sediments from the Ordos Plateau in China is investigated to explore the influence of ionic composition on GDGTs. In general, they are relatively small (1.2–6.0 km2 surface area) and shallow ponds (0.05–0.2 m water depth) and even seasonally dry lakes. The results reveal that the concentration of GDGTs has a good positive correlation with the (nCO32− + nHCO3−)/total ions, and the concentration of GDGTs in carbonate-type lake sediments is significantly higher than that in sulfate-type lake sediments. Most GDGT-based indices show no significant differences, and the distributions of GDGTs are similar in the two types of saline lake sediments. The lack of a positive correlation between the content of clay minerals and the concentration of GDGTs may imply that the ability of clay minerals to carry terrigenous organic matter is very limited in arid climates. The branched GDGTS (brGDGTs) in the two saline lake sediments may mainly come from in situ biological production and have low terrestrial inputs. The different weathering level of feldspar minerals in the two types of saline lakes results in the difference in organic matter content, which ultimately affects the concentration of GDGTs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue “Palaeolimnological Archives”: Unpacking Secrets of Ancient Lakes through the Lens of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Petrology)
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23 pages, 6309 KiB  
Article
Paleoenvironmental Conditions and Factors Controlling Organic Carbon Accumulation during the Jurassic–Early Cretaceous, Egypt: Organic and Inorganic Geochemical Approach
by Ahmed Mansour, Thomas Gentzis, Ibrahim M. Ied, Mohamed S. Ahmed and Michael Wagreich
Minerals 2022, 12(10), 1213; https://doi.org/10.3390/min12101213 - 26 Sep 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1759
Abstract
The Jurassic–Early Cretaceous was a time of variable organic carbon burial associated with fluctuations of marine primary productivity, weathering intensity, and redox conditions in the pore and bottom water at paleo-shelf areas in north Egypt. This time interval characterized the deposition of, from [...] Read more.
The Jurassic–Early Cretaceous was a time of variable organic carbon burial associated with fluctuations of marine primary productivity, weathering intensity, and redox conditions in the pore and bottom water at paleo-shelf areas in north Egypt. This time interval characterized the deposition of, from old to young, the Bahrein, Khatatba, Masajid, and Alam El Bueib Formations in the north Western Desert. Although several studies have been devoted to the excellent source rock units, such as the Khatatba and Alam El Bueib Formations, studies on paleoenvironmental changes in redox conditions, paleoproductivity, and continental weathering and their impact on organic carbon exports and their preservation for this interval are lacking. This study presents organic and inorganic geochemical data for the Jurassic–Lower Cretaceous sediments from the Almaz-1 well in the Shushan Basin, north Western Desert. A total of 32 cuttings samples were analyzed for their major and trace elements, carbonates, and total organic carbon (TOC) contents. Data allowed the reconstruction of paleoenvironmental conditions in the southern Tethys Ocean and assessment of the changes in paleo-redox, paleo-weathering, and marine primary productivity, and the role of sediment supply. Additionally, factors that governed the accumulation of organic matter in the sediment were interpreted. Results showed that the Khatatba Formation was deposited during a phase of enhanced marine primary productivity under prevalent anoxia, which triggered enhanced organic matter production and preservation. During the deposition of the Khatatba Formation, significant terrigenous sediment supply and continental weathering were followed by a limited contribution of coarse clastic sediment fluxes due to weak continental weathering and enhanced carbonate production. The Bahrein, Masajid, and Alam El Bueib Formations were deposited during low marine primary productivity and prevalent oxygenation conditions that led to poor organic matter production and preservation, respectively. A strong terrigenous sediment supply and continental weathering predominated during the deposition of the Bahrein Formation and the lower part of the Alam El Bueib Formation compared to the limited coarse clastic supply and continental weathering during the deposition of the carbonate Masajid Formation and the upper part of the Alam El Bueib Formation. Such conditions resulted in the enhanced dilution and decomposition of labile organic matter, and, thus, organic carbon-lean accumulation in these sediments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue “Palaeolimnological Archives”: Unpacking Secrets of Ancient Lakes through the Lens of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Petrology)
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