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Microorganisms
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The Role of the Oral Mucosa and Salivary Gland in...
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The Role of the Oral Mucosa and Salivary Gland in Anti-Fungal Immunity

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2021) | Viewed by 8043

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Heather Conti

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences & Mathematics, University of Toledo,Toledo, OH, USA
Interests: chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis; C. albicans; mucosal fungal infections; oropharyngeal candidiasis; antimicrobial peptides
Dr. Anna Huppler

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Departments of Pediatrics and Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
Interests: chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis; C. albicans; mucosal fungal infections; oropharyngeal candidiasis; chemokines

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Fungal infections are an increasing problem worldwide, due in part to growing immunocompromised populations. Oral infections caused by commensal Candida species or nosocomial acquisition of emerging fungal pathogens are among the most common and significant forms of fungal infection. Both oral mucosa and salivary glands are key components of antifungal host defense in the oral cavity.

This Special Issue will focus on current advances and remaining issues in mucosal and salivary immunity against oral fungal infections. As Guest Editors, we encourage submissions on topics that include host recognition of fungi, innate and adaptive immune mediators in the oral and salivary compartments, as well as emerging fungal pathogens and immune defects related to the increased incidence of these mycoses. We welcome you to submit review and research articles, including short communications, on these topics.

Dr. Heather Conti
Dr. Anna Huppler
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • oral mucosa
  • salivary gland
  • fungal infection
  • oral candidiasis
  • chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis
  • Candida
  • interleukin-17
  • antimicrobial peptides
  • antifungal
  • chemokines
  • mycoses
  • immunosuppression

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

18 pages, 2233 KiB  
Review
Recognition of Candida albicans and Role of Innate Type 17 Immunity in Oral Candidiasis
by Anna Pavlova and Irshad Sharafutdinov
Microorganisms 2020, 8(9), 1340; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8091340 - 2 Sep 2020
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 4548
Abstract
Candida albicans is an opportunistic pathogenic fungus considered to be a common member of the human microflora. Similar to some other opportunistic microbes, C. albicans can invade and benefit from its host when the immune status of that host is weakened. Most often [...] Read more.
Candida albicans is an opportunistic pathogenic fungus considered to be a common member of the human microflora. Similar to some other opportunistic microbes, C. albicans can invade and benefit from its host when the immune status of that host is weakened. Most often this happens to immunocompromised individuals, leading to the infection of oral and vaginal mucosae or the systemic spread of the pathogen throughout the entire body. Oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) occurs in up to 90 percent of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), making it the most frequent opportunistic infection for this group. Upon first signs of fungal invasion, a range of host signaling activates in order to eliminate the threat. Epithelial and myeloid type cells detect C. albicans mainly through receptor tyrosine kinases and pattern-recognition receptors. This review provides an overview of downstream signaling resulting in an adequate immune response through the activation of various transcription factors. The study discusses recent advances in research of the interleukin-17 (IL-17) producing innate cells, including natural T helper 17 (nTh17) cells, γδ T cells, invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells and type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) that are involved in response to oral C. albicans infections. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of the Oral Mucosa and Salivary Gland in Anti-Fungal Immunity)
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13 pages, 316 KiB  
Review
Antimicrobial Prosthetic Surfaces in the Oral Cavity—A Perspective on Creative Approaches
by Jorge L. Garaicoa, Amber M. Bates, Gustavo Avila-Ortiz and Kim A. Brogden
Microorganisms 2020, 8(8), 1247; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8081247 - 17 Aug 2020
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 2852
Abstract
Replacement of missing teeth is an essential component of comprehensive dental care for patients suffering of edentulism. A popular option is implant-supported restorations. However, implant surfaces can become colonized with polymicrobial biofilms containing Candida species that may compromise peri-implant health. To prevent this, [...] Read more.
Replacement of missing teeth is an essential component of comprehensive dental care for patients suffering of edentulism. A popular option is implant-supported restorations. However, implant surfaces can become colonized with polymicrobial biofilms containing Candida species that may compromise peri-implant health. To prevent this, implant components may be treated with a variety of coatings to create surfaces that either repel the attachment of viable microorganisms or kill microorganisms on contact. These coatings may consist of nanoparticles of pure elements (more commonly silver, copper, and zinc), sanitizing agents and disinfectants (quaternary ammonium ions and chlorhexidine), antibiotics (cefalotin, vancomycin, and gentamicin), or antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). AMPs in bioactive coatings have a number of advantages. They elicit a protective action against pathogens, inhibit the formation of biofilms, are less toxic to host tissues, and do not prompt inflammatory responses. Furthermore, many of these coatings may involve unique delivery systems to direct their antimicrobial capacity against pathogens, but not commensals. Coatings may also contain multiple antimicrobial substances to widen antimicrobial activity across multiple microbial species. Here, we compiled relevant information about a variety of creative approaches used to generate antimicrobial prosthetic surfaces in the oral cavity with the purpose of facilitating implant integration and peri-implant tissue health. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of the Oral Mucosa and Salivary Gland in Anti-Fungal Immunity)
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