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Microorganisms
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New Obstacles in Bacterial, Fungal and Viral Infections: Antimicrobial Resistance...
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New Obstacles in Bacterial, Fungal and Viral Infections: Antimicrobial Resistance and Emerging Pathogens

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2024 | Viewed by 316

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Alberto Enrico Maraolo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
Interests: evidence-based medicine; infectious diseases; meta-analysis; antimicrobial stewardship; nosocomial infections
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The COVID-19 pandemic has drawn attention to the field of infectious diseases, demonstrating how the never-ending confrontation with the microbial world is more intense than ever. Before the beginning of the pandemic, antimicrobial resistance seemed to represent the most important challenge and it is still a threat of utmost importance.

Nevertheless, the appearance and the worldwide spread of SARS-CoV-2, that is continuing its extraordinary evolutionary trajectory, has shown the vastness of the array of infective menaces, including emerging and re-emerging pathogens of different nature: viral, bacterial, fungal.

Climate change, for instance, implying global warming, could drive the evolution of novel strains of thermotolerant fungi.

The tremendous selective pressure linked with very frequent antibiotic use, either for human or animal purposes, may favor the development of superbugs with no reliable therapeutic options.

Viral spillover has become more frequent due to several human activities, for instance, land use expansion.

This Special Issue aims to collect reviews and original articles addressing these topics to offer new insights from multiple perspectives: epidemiological, aetiological, diagnostic and therapeutic.

Dr. Alberto Enrico Maraolo
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • emerging pathogens
  • virus
  • bacteria, fungi
  • antimicrobial resistance
  • re-emerging pathogens
  • zoonosis

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

11 pages, 420 KiB  
Article
Epidemiological Study of Pathogens in Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis in 2017–2024—A Preliminary Report of the University Hospital in South-Eastern Poland
by Jolanta Gruszecka and Rafał Filip
Microorganisms 2024, 12(5), 1008; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12051008 - 17 May 2024
Viewed by 217
Abstract
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP) is a serious complication and a common cause of death in patients with liver cirrhosis. Between January 2017 and March 2024, a retrospective study was conducted involving 302 patients (>18 years old) with ascites treated at a tertiary referral [...] Read more.
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP) is a serious complication and a common cause of death in patients with liver cirrhosis. Between January 2017 and March 2024, a retrospective study was conducted involving 302 patients (>18 years old) with ascites treated at a tertiary referral center in south-eastern Poland. Microbiological analysis of the ascitic fluids was performed in all patients. The presence of microorganisms was found in samples from 17 patients, and 21 pathogens were isolated, including 15 Gram-positive bacteria and 6 Gram-negative bacteria. Staphylococcus epidermidis, MRCNS (methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci, resistant to all beta-lactam antibiotics: penicillins, penicillins with beta-lactamase inhibitor, cephalosporins and carbapenems) was the main pathogen detected (19.05%, 4/21), followed by Enterococcus faecalis (9.52%, 2/21), Enterococcus faecium (9.52%, 2/21), Staphylococcus haemolyticus, MRCNS (4.76%, 1/21), Streptococcus mitis (9.52%, 2/21), Streptococcus parasanguinis (9.52%, 2/21), Micrococcus luteus (4.76%, 1/21) and Bacillus spp. (4.76%, 1/21). The following Gram-negative bacteria were also found in the specimens examined: Escherichia coli, ESBL (extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing E. coli) (4.76%, 1/21), Escherichia coli (4.76%, 1/21), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4.76%, 1/21), Klebsiella oxytoca (9.52%, 2/21) and Sphingomonas paucimobilis (4.76%, 1/21). Gram-positive bacteria caused nosocomial infections in nine patients with SBP, Gram-negative bacteria caused nosocomial infections in two patients. In six patients with SBP, community-acquired infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria were found in three cases, Gram-positive bacteria in two cases, and in one case, community-acquired infection was caused by mixed Gram-positive and Gram-negative. Bacteria isolated from patients with hospital-acquired SBP showed higher drug resistance than those found in patients with non-hospital SBP. Bacterial infections in cirrhotic patients with complications may be responsible for their deteriorating health. Prompt intervention is critical to reducing mortality. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Obstacles in Bacterial, Fungal and Viral Infections: Antimicrobial Resistance and Emerging Pathogens)
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