Ion-Exchange Membranes and Related Processes

A special issue of Membranes (ISSN 2077-0375). This special issue belongs to the section "Membrane Processing and Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2021) | Viewed by 7935

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Joint Research Unit INRAE ULille ULiège UPJV, BioEcoAgro 1158, Charles Viollette Institute, Lille, France
Interests: membrane processes; electrodialysis; selective fractionation; bioseparation; desalination; biomolecules; valorization of co-products

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Ion-exchange membranes (IEMs) currently represent an important class of dense polymeric membranes, and are playing a significant role in the development of electromembrane-related technologies. Some industrial processes based on IEMs, such as electrodialysis and electrolysis, are now well established and applied on a large scale. More recently, a significant interest in IEMs and related processes has arisen due to the emergence of new electromembrane processes including reverse electrodialysis, membrane capacitive deionization, redox flow batteries, microbial and enzymatic fuel cells, and ion exchange membrane (bio)reactors. These processes have found a large number of new interesting applications in wastewater treatment and the production of high-quality industrial water, as well as in chemical synthesis, in the food and drug industry, and renewable electrochemical energy harvesting and storage. However, in spite of the broad fundamental and applied research interest in the field of ion-exchange membranes and the emergent electromembrane processes, there is a margin of progress for further work on the development of ion-exchange membranes at lower costs, with better properties in terms of permeselectivity, electrical resistance, and chemical and thermal stability, and involving strategies to synthetize membranes in an ecofriendly way. Besides, the identification of the most appropriate operating conditions when operating at pilot scale under real conditions should be considered for the evaluation and optimization of ion-exchange membranes and related processes in new applications. Additionally, more fundamental research related to this topic, such as a better understanding of mass transport and fouling mechanisms, is also needed.   

The scope of this Special Issue focuses upon these different aspects. Papers that include or report on the following are welcome: novel methods for IEM synthesis and surface modification with a focus on directions for green synthesis, analytical procedures to characterize IEM performances, operation and monitoring of emerging electromembrane processes, fouling characterization and monitoring techniques, strategies for the performance enhancement of IEM-related processes, theoretical and/or experimental characterization of the many complex phenomena occurring in electromembrane processes, as well as process simulation and stack design. Both original papers and reviews are welcome.

Dr. Loubna Firdaous
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • Ion-exchange membranes
  • Membrane synthesis
  • Membrane preparation
  • Membrane characterization
  • Green synthesis
  • Process development
  • Emerging applications
  • Stack design
  • Transfer mechanisms
  • Fouling
  • Modelling

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

52 pages, 5630 KiB  
Review
Frontiers of Membrane Desalination Processes for Brackish Water Treatment: A Review
by Soraya Honarparvar, Xin Zhang, Tianyu Chen, Ashkan Alborzi, Khurshida Afroz and Danny Reible
Membranes 2021, 11(4), 246; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11040246 - 29 Mar 2021
Cited by 42 | Viewed by 7393
Abstract
Climate change, population growth, and increased industrial activities are exacerbating freshwater scarcity and leading to increased interest in desalination of saline water. Brackish water is an attractive alternative to freshwater due to its low salinity and widespread availability in many water-scarce areas. However, [...] Read more.
Climate change, population growth, and increased industrial activities are exacerbating freshwater scarcity and leading to increased interest in desalination of saline water. Brackish water is an attractive alternative to freshwater due to its low salinity and widespread availability in many water-scarce areas. However, partial or total desalination of brackish water is essential to reach the water quality requirements for a variety of applications. Selection of appropriate technology requires knowledge and understanding of the operational principles, capabilities, and limitations of the available desalination processes. Proper combination of feedwater technology improves the energy efficiency of desalination. In this article, we focus on pressure-driven and electro-driven membrane desalination processes. We review the principles, as well as challenges and recent improvements for reverse osmosis (RO), nanofiltration (NF), electrodialysis (ED), and membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI). RO is the dominant membrane process for large-scale desalination of brackish water with higher salinity, while ED and MCDI are energy-efficient for lower salinity ranges. Selective removal of multivalent components makes NF an excellent option for water softening. Brackish water desalination with membrane processes faces a series of challenges. Membrane fouling and scaling are the common issues associated with these processes, resulting in a reduction in their water recovery and energy efficiency. To overcome such adverse effects, many efforts have been dedicated toward development of pre-treatment steps, surface modification of membranes, use of anti-scalant, and modification of operational conditions. However, the effectiveness of these approaches depends on the fouling propensity of the feed water. In addition to the fouling and scaling, each process may face other challenges depending on their state of development and maturity. This review provides recent advances in the material, architecture, and operation of these processes that can assist in the selection and design of technologies for particular applications. The active research directions to improve the performance of these processes are also identified. The review shows that technologies that are tunable and particularly efficient for partial desalination such as ED and MCDI are increasingly competitive with traditional RO processes. Development of cost-effective ion exchange membranes with high chemical and mechanical stability can further improve the economy of desalination with electro-membrane processes and advance their future applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ion-Exchange Membranes and Related Processes)
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