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Membranes
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Characterization of Ceramic Membranes
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Characterization of Ceramic Membranes

A special issue of Membranes (ISSN 2077-0375). This special issue belongs to the section "Inorganic Membranes".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2021) | Viewed by 13639

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Cecilia Mortalò

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Condensed Matter Chemistry and Technologies for Energy - National Research Council (CNR-ICMATE), Padova, Italy
Interests: high-temperature ceramic conductors; hydrogen separation and purification; solid oxide fuel cell; nanomaterials; MW-assisted processes; solid-state reaction; spin coating; gel casting
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Sonia Escolastico

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
CSIC-UPV, Instituto de Tecnología Química (ITQ), Valencia, Spain
Interests: energy; membranes; catalysis; reactors; catalytic membrane reactors; electrolyzers; fuel cells; hydrogen separation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Ceramic membranes, both dense and porous, have gained increasing attention from both academia and a broad range of industrial fields thanks to their high chemical and thermal resistance, considerable mechanical robustness, and high separation efficiency. The development of ceramic membranes using low-cost materials and different architectures is now a challenge for researchers. In this field, it becomes crucial to gain insights into the overall membrane properties by means of both traditional and innovative characterization techniques.

The Guest Editors of this Special Issue on the “Characterization of Ceramic Membranes” in the journal Membranes aim to gather contributions addressing recent advances in the field of methods and processes for the characterization of ceramic membranes. This field is highly multidisciplinary, involving fundamentals and methods.

Contributions are welcome on topics including but not limited to:

  • Characterization of membrane morphology
  • Characterization of membrane porosity and pore tortuosity
  • Crystal structure
  • Chemical resistance
  • Mechanical robustness
  • Surface roughness
  • Electrochemical properties
  • In-situ characterization under operational conditions
  • Characterization of permeability
  • Separation efficiency

Authors are invited to submit their latest results; both original papers and reviews are welcome.

Dr. Cecilia Mortalò
Dr. Sonia Escolastico
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Membranes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Ceramic membranes
  • Membrane morphology
  • Membrane porosity
  • Mechanical robustness
  • Crystal structure
  • Permeability
  • Electrochemical properties
  • Chemical resistance
  • In-situ characterization

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 7077 KiB  
Article
Development and Proof of Concept of a Compact Metallic Reactor for MIEC Ceramic Membranes
by Sonia Escolástico, Falk Schulze-Küppers, Stefan Baumann, Katja Haas-Santo and Roland Dittmeyer
Membranes 2021, 11(7), 541; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11070541 - 16 Jul 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2431
Abstract
The integration of mixed ionic–electronic conducting separation membranes in catalytic membrane reactors can yield more environmentally safe and economically efficient processes. Concentration polarization effects are observed in these types of membranes when O2 permeating fluxes are significantly high. These undesired effects can [...] Read more.
The integration of mixed ionic–electronic conducting separation membranes in catalytic membrane reactors can yield more environmentally safe and economically efficient processes. Concentration polarization effects are observed in these types of membranes when O2 permeating fluxes are significantly high. These undesired effects can be overcome by the development of new membrane reactors where mass transport and heat transfer are enhanced by adopting state-of-the-art microfabrication. In addition, careful control over the fluid dynamics regime by employing compact metallic reactors equipped with microchannels could allow the rapid extraction of the products, minimizing undesired secondary reactions. Moreover, a high membrane surface area to catalyst volume ratio can be achieved. In this work, a compact metallic reactor was developed for the integration of mixed ionic–electronic conducting ceramic membranes. An asymmetric all-La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3–δ membrane was sealed to the metallic reactor by the reactive air brazing technique. O2 permeation was evaluated as a proof of concept, and the influence of different parameters, such as temperature, sweep gas flow rates and oxygen partial pressure in the feed gas, were evaluated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Characterization of Ceramic Membranes)
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19 pages, 2888 KiB  
Article
Influence of Ceramic Membrane Surface Characteristics on the Flux Behavior of a Complex Fermentation Broth
by Nicolas A. P. Maguire, Mehrdad Ebrahimi, Rong Fan, Sabine Gießelmann, Frank Ehlen, Steffen Schütz and Peter Czermak
Membranes 2021, 11(6), 402; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11060402 - 28 May 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3303
Abstract
The valorization of agro-industrial residues using yeasts as biocatalysts requires efficient methods for biomass separation. Filtration with ceramic membranes is suitable for this task, however, the challenge of flux decline and the unavoidable cleaning must be taken into account. We investigated the filtration [...] Read more.
The valorization of agro-industrial residues using yeasts as biocatalysts requires efficient methods for biomass separation. Filtration with ceramic membranes is suitable for this task, however, the challenge of flux decline and the unavoidable cleaning must be taken into account. We investigated the filtration of fermentation broth and its components using tubular microfiltration and ultrafiltration membranes, and hollow-fiber ultrafiltration membranes, with cut-offs of 30 and 200 nm. The steady-state flux was limited by fouling under comparable wall shear stress conditions but increased when the wall shear stress was higher. Single-component filtration with two 30 nm tubular ultrafiltration membranes, whose average surface roughness ranged from 1.0 to 3.9 µm, showed that smoother surfaces experience less biomass fouling under more intense hydrodynamic conditions. Furthermore, we showed experimentally and by scanning electron microscopy in filtration with 30 nm tubular membranes that the thickness of the first separation layer is responsible for the degree of irreversible resistance caused by the deposition of organic material in the membrane pores. The thickness of this layer should therefore be minimized without compromising mechanical stability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Characterization of Ceramic Membranes)
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16 pages, 4699 KiB  
Article
Production Strategies of TiNx Coatings via Reactive High Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering for Selective H2 Separation
by Cecilia Mortalò, Silvia Maria Deambrosis, Francesco Montagner, Valentina Zin, Monica Fabrizio, Luca Pasquali, Raffaella Capelli, Monica Montecchi and Enrico Miorin
Membranes 2021, 11(5), 360; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11050360 - 15 May 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2253
Abstract
This scientific work aims to optimize the preparation of titanium nitride coatings for selective H2 separation using the Reactive High Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering technology (RHiPIMS). Currently, nitride-based thin films are considered promising membranes for hydrogen. The first series of TiNx [...] Read more.
This scientific work aims to optimize the preparation of titanium nitride coatings for selective H2 separation using the Reactive High Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering technology (RHiPIMS). Currently, nitride-based thin films are considered promising membranes for hydrogen. The first series of TiNx/Si test samples were developed while changing the reactive gas percentage (N2%) during the process. Obtained coatings were extensively characterized in terms of morphology, composition, and microstructure. A 500 nm thick, dense TiNx coating was then deposited on a porous alumina substrate and widely investigated. Moreover, the as-prepared TiNx films were heat-treated in an atmosphere containing hydrogen in order to prove their chemical and structural stability; which revealed to be promising. This study highlighted how the RHiPIMS method permits fine control of the grown layer’s stoichiometry and microstructure. Moreover, it pointed out the need for a protective layer to prevent surface oxidation of the nitride membrane by air and the necessity to deepen the study of TiNx/alumina interface in order to improve film/substrate adhesion. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Characterization of Ceramic Membranes)
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Review

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36 pages, 3620 KiB  
Review
A Review on Mixed Matrix Membranes for Solvent Dehydration and Recovery Process
by Priyanka Goyal, Subramanian Sundarrajan and Seeram Ramakrishna
Membranes 2021, 11(6), 441; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11060441 - 11 Jun 2021
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 4528
Abstract
Solvent separation and dehydration are important operations for industries and laboratories. Processes such as distillation and extraction are not always effective and are energy-consuming. An alternate approach is offered by pervaporation, based on the solution-diffusion transport mechanism. Polymer-based membranes such as those made [...] Read more.
Solvent separation and dehydration are important operations for industries and laboratories. Processes such as distillation and extraction are not always effective and are energy-consuming. An alternate approach is offered by pervaporation, based on the solution-diffusion transport mechanism. Polymer-based membranes such as those made of Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) have offered good pervaporation performance. Attempts have been made to improve their performance by incorporating inorganic fillers into the PDMS matrix, in which metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have proven to be the most efficient. Among the MOFs, Zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) based membranes have shown an excellent performance, with high values for flux and separation factors. Various studies have been conducted, employing ZIF-PDMS membranes for pervaporation separation of mixtures such as aqueous-alcoholic solutions. This paper presents an extensive review of the pervaporation performance of ZIF-based mixed matrix membranes (MMMs), novel synthesis methods, filler modifications, factors affecting membrane performance as well as studies based on polymers other than PDMS for the membrane matrix. Some suggestions for future studies have also been provided, such as the use of biopolymers and self-healing membranes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Characterization of Ceramic Membranes)
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