Mathematics

Research

17 pages, 1507 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Risk Analysis of the Use of Drones in City Logistics

by Snežana Tadić, Mladen Krstić, Miloš Veljović, Olja Čokorilo and Milica Milovanović

Mathematics 2024, 12(8), 1250; https://doi.org/10.3390/math12081250 - 20 Apr 2024

Viewed by 419

Drone delivery in city logistics is gaining attention due to road congestion, environmental threats, etc. However, there are risks associated with using drones which can result in hazardous events, such as conflicts in the air, loss of control, and system failures. It is [...] Read more.

Drone delivery in city logistics is gaining attention due to road congestion, environmental threats, etc. However, there are risks associated with using drones which can result in hazardous events, such as conflicts in the air, loss of control, and system failures. It is crucial to assess the risks involved in using different types of drones and choose the option with the lowest risk. The existence of different criteria important for this decision imposes the need to apply the multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method(s). This paper proposes a new hybrid model that combines the fuzzy Factor Relationship (FARE) method for obtaining the criteria weights and the Axial Distance-based Aggregated Measurement (ADAM) method for obtaining the final ranking of the alternatives. A single-rotor microdrone weighing up to 4.4 lb was chosen as the optimal solution, and after that, the most favorable are also the drones of this size (multi-rotor and fixed-wing microdrones). The establishment of a novel hybrid MCDM model, the identified risks, the set of criteria for evaluating the least risky drones, and the framework for prioritizing the drones are the main novelties and contributions of the paper. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fuzzy Logic Applications in Traffic and Transportation Engineering)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

19 pages, 4979 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Transferability of Multi-Objective Neuro-Fuzzy Motion Controllers: Towards Cautious and Courageous Motion Behaviors in Rugged Terrains

by Adham Salih, Joseph Gabbay and Amiram Moshaiov

Mathematics 2024, 12(7), 992; https://doi.org/10.3390/math12070992 - 27 Mar 2024

Viewed by 450

Abstract

This study is motivated by the need to develop generic neuro-fuzzy motion controllers for autonomous vehicles that may traverse rugged terrains. Three types of target problems are investigated. These problems differ in terms of the expected motion behavior, including cautious, intermediate, and courageous [...] Read more.

This study is motivated by the need to develop generic neuro-fuzzy motion controllers for autonomous vehicles that may traverse rugged terrains. Three types of target problems are investigated. These problems differ in terms of the expected motion behavior, including cautious, intermediate, and courageous behaviors. The target problems are defined as evolutionary multi-objective problems aiming to evolve near optimal neuro-fuzzy controllers that can operate in a variety of scenarios. To enhance the evolution, sequential transfer optimization is considered, where each of the source problems is defined and solved as a bi-objective problem. The performed experimental study demonstrates the ability of the proposed search approach to find neuro-fuzzy controllers that produce the required motion behaviors when operating in various environments with different motion difficulties. Moreover, the results of this study substantiate the hypothesis that solutions with performances near the edges of the obtained approximated bi-objective Pareto fronts of the source problems provide better transferability as compared with those that are associated with performances near the center of the obtained fronts. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fuzzy Logic Applications in Traffic and Transportation Engineering)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

20 pages, 2673 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Novel Data-Envelopment Analysis Interval-Valued Fuzzy-Rough-Number Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (DEA-IFRN MCDM) Model for Determining the Efficiency of Road Sections Based on Headway Analysis

by Dejan Andjelković, Gordan Stojić, Nikola Nikolić, Dillip Kumar Das, Marko Subotić and Željko Stević

Mathematics 2024, 12(7), 976; https://doi.org/10.3390/math12070976 - 25 Mar 2024

Viewed by 533

Abstract

The capacity of transport infrastructure is one of the very important tasks in transport engineering, which depends mostly on the geometric characteristics of road and headway analysis. In this paper, we have considered 14 road sections and determined their efficiency based on headway [...] Read more.

The capacity of transport infrastructure is one of the very important tasks in transport engineering, which depends mostly on the geometric characteristics of road and headway analysis. In this paper, we have considered 14 road sections and determined their efficiency based on headway analysis. We have developed a novel interval fuzzy-rough-number decision-making model consisting of DEA (data envelopment analysis), IFRN SWARA (interval-valued fuzzy-rough-number stepwise weight-assessment-ratio analysis), and IFRN WASPAS (interval-valued fuzzy-rough-number weighted-aggregate sum–product assessment) methods. The main contribution of this study is a new extension of WASPAS method with interval fuzzy rough numbers. Firstly, the DEA model was applied to determine the efficiency of 14 road sections according to seven input–output parameters. Seven out of the fourteen alternatives showed full efficiency and were implemented further in the model. After that, the IFRN SWARA method was used for the calculation of the final weights, while IFRN WASPAS was applied for ranking seven of the road sections. The results show that two sections are very similar and have almost equal efficiency, while the other results are very stable. According to the results obtained, the best-ranked is a measuring segment of the Ivanjska–Šargovac section, with a road gradient = −5.5%, which has low deviating values of headways according to the measurement classes from PC-PC to AT-PC, which shows balanced and continuous traffic flow. Finally, verification tests such as changing the criteria weights, comparative analysis, changing the λ parameter, and reverse rank analysis have been performed. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fuzzy Logic Applications in Traffic and Transportation Engineering)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

21 pages, 1073 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Analysing the Hidden Relationship between Long-Distance Transport and Information and Communication Technology Use through a Fuzzy Clustering Eco-Extended Apostle Model

by Panayotis Christidis, Juan Carlos Martín and Concepción Román

Mathematics 2024, 12(6), 791; https://doi.org/10.3390/math12060791 - 7 Mar 2024

Viewed by 658

Abstract

The study analyses the hidden relationship between transport and ICT use for an extensive sample of 26,500 EU citizens. To that aim, a fuzzy clustering Eco-extended apostle model is applied to both latent variables: interurban transport trips and ICT use. The interurban long-distance [...] Read more.

The study analyses the hidden relationship between transport and ICT use for an extensive sample of 26,500 EU citizens. To that aim, a fuzzy clustering Eco-extended apostle model is applied to both latent variables: interurban transport trips and ICT use. The interurban long-distance trip (LDT) latent variable is measured by four different indicators (long- and medium-distance trips for work and leisure in the past twelve months), and the ICT use is based on a ten-item scale that provides information on different transport modes. The fuzzy Eco-extended apostle model is compared with the classical apostle model, translating the satisfaction and loyalty dimensions to our case. The fuzzy clustering model shows that most EU citizens are similar to the representative citizen who moved and used ICT at very low rates (56.5 and 50.4 per cent, respectively). The classical apostle model shows that the quadrants low LDT–high ICT and low LDT–low ICT are more represented by 38.5 and 35.2 per cent, respectively. However, the Eco-extended apostle model reinforces the results of the quadrant of low LDT–low ICT (40.22%) but softens those obtained in the quadrant of low LDT–high ICT (21.01%). Interesting insights of the effects of gender, age, education, and employment status are discussed. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fuzzy Logic Applications in Traffic and Transportation Engineering)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

22 pages, 4582 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Strategic Warehouse Location Selection in Business Logistics: A Novel Approach Using IMF SWARA–MARCOS—A Case Study of a Serbian Logistics Service Provider

by Vukašin Pajić, Milan Andrejić, Marijana Jolović and Milorad Kilibarda

Mathematics 2024, 12(5), 776; https://doi.org/10.3390/math12050776 - 5 Mar 2024

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1325

Abstract

Business logistics encompasses the intricate planning, seamless implementation, and precise control of the efficient and effective movement and storage of goods, services, and associated information from their origin to their final consumption point. The strategic placement of facilities is intricately intertwined with business [...] Read more.

Business logistics encompasses the intricate planning, seamless implementation, and precise control of the efficient and effective movement and storage of goods, services, and associated information from their origin to their final consumption point. The strategic placement of facilities is intricately intertwined with business logistics, exerting a direct influence on the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of supply chain operations. In the realm of business logistics, decisions regarding the location of facilities, including warehouses, distribution centers, and manufacturing plants, assume a pivotal role in shaping the overarching logistics strategy. Warehouses, serving as pivotal nodes in the supply chain network, establish crucial links at both local and global markets. They serve as the nexus connecting suppliers and customers across the entire supply chain, thus constituting indispensable elements that significantly impact the overall performance of the supply chain. The optimal location of warehouses is paramount for efficient supply chains, ensuring minimized costs and bigger profits. The decision on warehouse location exerts a profound influence on investment costs, operational expenses, and the distribution strategy of a company, thereby playing a substantial role in elevating customer service levels. Hence, the primary objective of this paper is to propose a novel methodology grounded in the application of the Improved Fuzzy Stepwise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (SWARA)-Measurement of Alternatives and Ranking according to Compromise Solution (MARCOS) methods for determining warehouse locations tailored to a logistics service provider (LSP) operating in the Serbian market. Through the definition of seven evaluation criteria based on a comprehensive literature review and expert insights, this study aims to assess five potential locations. The findings suggest that the proposed model offers great decision support for effectively addressing challenges akin to the one presented in this study. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fuzzy Logic Applications in Traffic and Transportation Engineering)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

20 pages, 4580 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Fuzzy Logic Model for Assessing Accident Proneness Based on Passenger Vehicle Speed in Real and Virtual Traffic Conditions

by Nenad Marković, Tijana Ivanišević, Svetlana Čičević and Aleksandar Trifunović

Mathematics 2024, 12(3), 421; https://doi.org/10.3390/math12030421 - 28 Jan 2024

Viewed by 868

Abstract

Inappropriate or unsafe speed is one of the main factors that affects the number of road crashes as well as the severity of the consequences. Research shows that speed is an influential factor in the occurrence of road crashes in more than 30% [...] Read more.

Inappropriate or unsafe speed is one of the main factors that affects the number of road crashes as well as the severity of the consequences. Research shows that speed is an influential factor in the occurrence of road crashes in more than 30% of road crashes with fatal outcomes and in over 12% of all road crashes. With an increase in speed, the risk of road crashes increases as well as the severity of the consequences. The perception of the vehicle speed in the traffic lane is one of the basic prerequisites for the safe functioning of traffic, that is, for the successful and timely interaction of all road users. Therefore, the challenge of this paper is to examine how the assessment of the speed of a passenger vehicle in different environments affects the prediction of the respondent’s participation in road crashes. Bearing the above in mind, an experimental study was carried out, in real traffic conditions (RTC) as well as in a virtual environment using a driving simulator (DS), at different passenger vehicle speeds (30, 50 and 70 km/h), and at different perspectives of observing the oncoming vehicle (observing the vehicle from the front, from the back, from the side and from the driver’s seat) by the respondents. The respondents had the task of evaluating the passenger vehicle speed, in all tested conditions and at all tested speeds. Standard statistical models and fuzzy logic were used to analyze the obtained results. The results show statistically significant differences for all tested situations and all tested speeds as well as statistically significant differences depending on the gender of the respondents, the driver’s license category, the driver’s experience, frequency of driving and depending on whether respondents wear glasses. Bearing in mind the results of the developed model, by applying fuzzy logic, it can be concluded that the proposed model can be used to assess the propensity of respondents to participate in road crashes, based on perception of vehicle speeds in two tested environments. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fuzzy Logic Applications in Traffic and Transportation Engineering)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

26 pages, 6167 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Using an Interval Type-2 Fuzzy AROMAN Decision-Making Method to Improve the Sustainability of the Postal Network in Rural Areas

by Ivana Nikolić, Jelena Milutinović, Darko Božanić and Momčilo Dobrodolac

Mathematics 2023, 11(14), 3105; https://doi.org/10.3390/math11143105 - 13 Jul 2023

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 912

Abstract

One of the crucial pillars of each state’s development strategy relates to service provision in rural areas. An adequate scope of these services is a prerequisite for uniform regional progress. Postal operators play a key role in supporting these development policies, by providing [...] Read more.

One of the crucial pillars of each state’s development strategy relates to service provision in rural areas. An adequate scope of these services is a prerequisite for uniform regional progress. Postal operators play a key role in supporting these development policies, by providing postal, financial and transportation services to each citizen in a state, regardless of place of residence. The postal network represents one of the biggest logistics networks worldwide. However, since it is not financially justified to provide services to all citizens, even to those that live in the most remote areas, the question of how to optimize the postal network is always topical. This problem is very complex because the postal units’ existence in rural areas cannot be considered just from an economic standpoint; many other criteria should be considered. The model proposed in this paper can be considered a decision-making tool designed to support policymakers in planning the postal network. First, we identify the criteria that should be considered in decision-making by an extensive literature review. We then apply the FUCOM method to determine the importance of individual criteria. Finally, we propose an Interval Type-2 Fuzzy AROMAN approach to determine which postal unit should be reorganized. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fuzzy Logic Applications in Traffic and Transportation Engineering)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

24 pages, 1901 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Decision-Making Model for Professional Drivers Selection: A Hybridized Fuzzy–AROMAN–Fuller Approach

by Marjana Čubranić-Dobrodolac, Stefan Jovčić, Sara Bošković and Darko Babić

Mathematics 2023, 11(13), 2831; https://doi.org/10.3390/math11132831 - 24 Jun 2023

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 943

Abstract

Professional drivers play a crucial role in many businesses and the lives of people. They are responsible for transferring people and goods between distant points, enabling safe and efficient flows. The road traffic death rate is from 8.3 to 27.5 per 100,000 inhabitants [...] Read more.

Professional drivers play a crucial role in many businesses and the lives of people. They are responsible for transferring people and goods between distant points, enabling safe and efficient flows. The road traffic death rate is from 8.3 to 27.5 per 100,000 inhabitants in the countries globally. Because professional drivers spend a significant amount of time on the road, their appropriate selection may contribute to general traffic safety. In addition, an adequate selection of candidates significantly impacts the financial costs of the employing company. However, the recruitment procedure is a very complex task where multiple criteria should be considered. By its nature, this is a typical multi-criteria decision-making problem. The purpose of this paper is twofold: to contribute to the methodological, as well as to the professional field. Considering the professional, we propose a decision-making tool in the procedure of professional driver selection. There are several methodological contributions. By reviewing the literature, we identified 14 criteria for candidate selection. In the proposed model, by using expert opinion and implementing DEMATEL and Fuller’s pairwise comparisons, we ranked these criteria and determined the seven most important for further calculation procedure. Here, we introduced an original approach for measuring the reliability of obtained answers. Then, to rank the candidates, the fuzzy AROMAN approach is applied for the first time in the literature. The input data were obtained in the form of a survey, where the experts evaluated the importance of criteria and their interrelation. We used MS Excel and MATLAB for data processing. An additional methodological contribution of this study is an advancement of the AROMAN method by the proposal of an algorithm for the calculation of parameter λ used in the final ranking formula. To illustrate the applicability of the proposed model, a case study is provided. Based on the results, we can conclude that the new methodological approaches can be successfully used in the procedure of professional driver selection, as well as in solving other multi-criteria decision-making problems. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fuzzy Logic Applications in Traffic and Transportation Engineering)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

Journal Menu

Journal Browser

Fuzzy Logic Applications in Traffic and Transportation Engineering

Share This Special Issue

Special Issue Editors

Special Issue Information

Keywords

Published Papers (8 papers)

Research

Further Information

Guidelines

MDPI Initiatives

Follow MDPI