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Energies
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Protection of Future Electricity Systems II
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Protection of Future Electricity Systems II

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "F: Electrical Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2022) | Viewed by 5096

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Adam Dyśko

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
Interests: power system protection; distributed generation; system stability and control; microgrids; islanding detection; islanded operation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Dimitrios Tzelepis

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
Interests: power system protection and control; fault location; HVDC transmission; intelligent systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Qiteng Hong

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1RD, UK
Interests: power system protection; wide area monitoring and control; weak and low-inertia power systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The generation of electrical energy has been undergoing a series of dramatic changes in recent years, motivated mainly by the commitment to reduce CO2 emissions, but also to deliver high quality, reliable and safe electricity to everyone. We are seeing a massive deployment of renewables, an increasing share of DC networks at transmission and distribution levels, and at the same time, a continuous reduction of conventional synchronous generation. This poses a wide range of technical and economic challenges to the existing power systems, including the provision of dependable and secure protection at all voltage levels.

With the second edition of this Special Issue on power system protection, we extend our invitation to all potential researchers and practitioners working on protective solutions which can best support rapidly evolving power systems. Recent technological advances in many disciplines have created new opportunities for developing solutions which were not possible (or very costly) in the past. The development and increased availability of reliable high-bandwidth communications, high-efficiency real-time processing systems, new signal processing algorithms, and the development of advanced measurement and sensing technologies are but a few examples of possible areas of innovation from which the protective systems could benefit.

Both conventional and unconventional interdisciplinary solutions are welcome, including adaptive and/or active methods. We also encourage contributions covering the systematic, realistic assessment of the existing protection system performance, particularly works evaluating how protection response can be affected by the current and anticipated changes in electricity generation, transmission, and distribution. The influencing factors could include the increased penetration of inverter-connected renewables, the changing nature of loads, new electric grid architectures, the impact of EV chargers, and others. Such studies can either be based on real experience in the field or achieved through detailed simulation.

The Issue is open, but not limited, to contributions in the following focus areas:

  • Protection in microgrids and islanded systems;
  • Islanding detection;
  • Protection of HVDC grids;
  • Protection of other DC systems, including hybrid AC/DC;
  • Protection of conventional and hybrid feeders, including superconducting transmission;
  • System integrity and wide area protection, including load shedding;
  • Protection performance assessment and testing, including hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) regime;
  • Impact of converter control on protection performance and associated solutions;
  • Adaptive protection including architectural structures and requirements;
  • Utilization of artificial intelligence for protection and fault management strategies;
  • Fault level estimation, including real-time fault level monitoring;
  • Fault location.

Dr. Adam Dyśko
Dr. Dimitrios Tzelepis
Dr. Qiteng Hong
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • islanding detection
  • microgrids and islanded systems
  • HVDC grids
  • hybrid AC/DC systems
  • superconducting transmission
  • hybrid feeders
  • active protection
  • adaptive protection
  • unconventional sensing systems
  • protection performance assessment
  • converter impact on protection
  • fault level estimation
  • fault location

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 6174 KiB  
Article
Selective Auto-Reclosing of Mixed Circuits Based on Multi-Zone Differential Protection Principle and Distributed Sensing
by Kevin Kawal, Steven Blair, Qiteng Hong and Panagiotis N. Papadopoulos
Energies 2023, 16(6), 2558; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16062558 - 8 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1345
Abstract
Environmental concerns and economic constraints have led to increasing installations of mixed conductor circuits comprising underground cables (UGCs) and overhead transmission lines (OHLs). Faults on the OHL sections of such circuits are usually temporary, while there is a higher probability that faults on [...] Read more.
Environmental concerns and economic constraints have led to increasing installations of mixed conductor circuits comprising underground cables (UGCs) and overhead transmission lines (OHLs). Faults on the OHL sections of such circuits are usually temporary, while there is a higher probability that faults on UGC sections are permanent. To maintain power system reliability and security, auto-reclose (AR) schemes are typically implemented to minimize outage duration after temporary OHL faults while blocking AR for UGC faults to prevent equipment damage. AR of a hybrid UCG–OHL transmission line, therefore, requires effective identification of the faulty section. However, the different electrical characteristics of UGC and OHL sections present significant challenges to existing protection and fault location methods. This paper presents a selective AR scheme for mixed conductor circuits based on the evaluation of differential currents in multiple defined protection zones, using distributed current transformer (CT) measurements provided by passive optical sensing. Case studies are conducted with a number of different UGC–OHL configurations, and the results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can accurately identify the faulty section, enabling effective selective AR of a comprehensive range of mixed conductor circuit topologies. The proposed scheme is also more cost effective, with reduced hardware requirements compared to conventional solutions. This paper thereby validates the optimal solution for mixed circuit protection as described in CIGRE Working Group B5.23 report 587. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Protection of Future Electricity Systems II)
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19 pages, 4305 KiB  
Article
Optimization of Impedance-Accelerated Inverse-Time Over-Current Protection Based on Improved Quantum Genetic Algorithm
by Xia Zhang, Xiaohua Wang, Zhedong Li, Jingguang Huang and Yupeng Zhang
Energies 2023, 16(3), 1119; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16031119 - 19 Jan 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1010
Abstract
This paper proposes an impedance-accelerated inverse-time over-current protection optimization scheme based on the improved quantum genetic algorithm. First, the speed of remote backup protection is improved by increasing the optimization level of backup protection. Second, to ensure the coordination of protection when the [...] Read more.
This paper proposes an impedance-accelerated inverse-time over-current protection optimization scheme based on the improved quantum genetic algorithm. First, the speed of remote backup protection is improved by increasing the optimization level of backup protection. Second, to ensure the coordination of protection when the distributed generation is connected to the distribution network, a mathematical model for the optimization of inverse time protection parameters is established. The mathematical model takes the minimum total action time of the optimized main and backup protection as the objective function, and the selectivity and sensitivity requirements of the protection as the constraints. In addition, the genetic algorithm is improved from four aspects: coding method, population initialization, quantum revolving gate, and variational evolution. The theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the proposed scheme can effectively improve the selectivity and operation speed of the protection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Protection of Future Electricity Systems II)
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14 pages, 1605 KiB  
Article
Optimal Coordination of Time Delay Overcurrent Relays for Power Systems with Integrated Renewable Energy Sources
by Muntathir Al Talaq and Mohammad Al-Muhaini
Energies 2022, 15(18), 6749; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15186749 - 15 Sep 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2001
Abstract
With the gradual increase in load demand due to population and economic growth, integrating renewable energy sources (RES) into the grid represents a solution for meeting load demand. However, integrating RES might change the power system type from radial to non-radial, where the [...] Read more.
With the gradual increase in load demand due to population and economic growth, integrating renewable energy sources (RES) into the grid represents a solution for meeting load demand. However, integrating RES might change the power system type from radial to non-radial, where the current can flow forward and backward. Consequently, power system analysis methods must be updated. The impact on power systems includes changes in the load flow affecting the voltage level, equipment sizing, operating modes, and power system protection. Conventional power system protection methods must be updated, as RES integration will change the power flow results and the short circuit levels in the power system. With an RES contribution to short circuit, existing settings might experience missed coordination which will result in unnecessary tripping. This paper considers the impact of integrating renewable energy sources into power system protection on overcurrent time delay settings. A new method to upgrade/adjust time delay settings is developed utilizing genetic algorithm (GA) optimization. The proposed optimization method can be used to evaluate the impact of integrating RES on the exiting overcurrent setting, and can provide new settings without the need to replace existing protection devices when the short circuit is within equipment thermal limits. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Protection of Future Electricity Systems II)
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