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Diagnostics
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Long COVID: Major Findings, Pathophysiology and Mechanisms, Risk Factors, Vaccinations,...
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Long COVID: Major Findings, Pathophysiology and Mechanisms, Risk Factors, Vaccinations, and Managements

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 September 2023) | Viewed by 5426

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Soheil Ebrahimpour

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
Interests: infection; tropical diseases; emerging infectious diseases; infectious disease diagnostics and treatment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Mostafa Javanian

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
Interests: infection; tropical diseases; emerging infectious diseases; infectious disease diagnostics and treatment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Most COVID-19 patients recover; but, some of them experience continued symptoms some weeks after SARS-CoV-2 infection, described as “long-COVID-19”. These individuals experience a wide set of symptoms, such as persistent fatigue, malaise, pulmonary, renal, neurological, and vascular symptoms. It is important to note, according to certain studies, that few children and young people suffer from long COVID-19. The mechanisms underlying long COVID-19 are still largely unclear. Subsequently, it is currently uncertain how one should diagnose and manage this syndrome. Some studies show that COVID-19 vaccines reduce the risk of developing long COVID-19, but it is still not quite understood. Therefore, there are several essential trending topics relating to work on long COVID-19, etc. The Special Issue aims to identify essential knowledge for researchers who study the improvement of diagnosis and treatment of long COVID-19.

Dr. Soheil Ebrahimpour
Dr. Mostafa Javanian
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • SARS-CoV-2
  • long COVID
  • pathophysiology
  • risk factors
  • vaccinations
  • diagnosis
  • treatment

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

22 pages, 1223 KiB  
Review
Unmasking Pandemic Echoes: An In-Depth Review of Long COVID’s Unabated Cardiovascular Consequences beyond 2020
by Maria-Luiza Luchian, Julien Higny, Martin Benoit, Benoit Robaye, Yannick Berners, Jean-Philippe Henry, Benjamin Colle, Olivier Xhaët, Dominique Blommaert, Steven Droogmans, Andreea Iulia Motoc, Bernard Cosyns, Laurence Gabriel, Antoine Guedes and Fabian Demeure
Diagnostics 2023, 13(21), 3368; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13213368 - 2 Nov 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2451
Abstract
At the beginning of 2020, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged as a new pandemic, leading to a worldwide health crisis and overwhelming healthcare systems due to high numbers of hospital admissions, insufficient resources, and a lack of standardized therapeutic protocols. Multiple genetic variants [...] Read more.
At the beginning of 2020, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged as a new pandemic, leading to a worldwide health crisis and overwhelming healthcare systems due to high numbers of hospital admissions, insufficient resources, and a lack of standardized therapeutic protocols. Multiple genetic variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been detected since its first public declaration in 2020, some of them being considered variants of concern (VOCs) corresponding to several pandemic waves. Nevertheless, a growing number of COVID-19 patients are continuously discharged from hospitals, remaining symptomatic even months after their first episode of COVID-19 infection. Long COVID-19 or ‘post-acute COVID-19 syndrome’ emerged as the new pandemic, being characterized by a high variability of clinical manifestations ranging from cardiorespiratory and neurological symptoms such as chest pain, exertional dyspnoea or cognitive disturbance to psychological disturbances, e.g., depression, anxiety or sleep disturbance with a crucial impact on patients’ quality of life. Moreover, Long COVID is viewed as a new cardiovascular risk factor capable of modifying the trajectory of current and future cardiovascular diseases, altering the patients’ prognosis. Therefore, in this review we address the current definitions of Long COVID and its pathophysiology, with a focus on cardiovascular manifestations. Furthermore, we aim to review the mechanisms of acute and chronic cardiac injury and the variety of cardiovascular sequelae observed in recovered COVID-19 patients, in addition to the potential role of Long COVID clinics in the medical management of this new condition. We will further address the role of future research for a better understanding of the actual impact of Long COVID and future therapeutic directions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Long COVID: Major Findings, Pathophysiology and Mechanisms, Risk Factors, Vaccinations, and Managements)
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19 pages, 1158 KiB  
Review
Long COVID in Children: A Multidisciplinary Review
by Francesco Sansone, Giulia Michela Pellegrino, Antonio Caronni, Federica Bonazza, Elena Vegni, Alberto Lué, Tommaso Bocci, Carlotta Pipolo, Giuliano Giusti, Paola Di Filippo, Sabrina Di Pillo, Francesco Chiarelli, Giuseppe Francesco Sferrazza Papa and Marina Attanasi
Diagnostics 2023, 13(12), 1990; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13121990 - 7 Jun 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2466
Abstract
Long COVID syndrome has emerged as a long-lasting consequence of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection in adults. In addition, children may be affected by Long COVID, with potential clinical issues in different fields, including problems in school performance and daily activities. Yet, the pathophysiologic bases [...] Read more.
Long COVID syndrome has emerged as a long-lasting consequence of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection in adults. In addition, children may be affected by Long COVID, with potential clinical issues in different fields, including problems in school performance and daily activities. Yet, the pathophysiologic bases of Long COVID in children are largely unknown, and it is difficult to predict who will develop the syndrome. In this multidisciplinary clinical review, we summarise the latest scientific data regarding Long COVID and its impact on children. Special attention is given to diagnostic tests, in order to help the physicians to find potential disease markers and quantify impairment. Specifically, we assess the respiratory, upper airways, cardiac, neurologic and motor and psychological aspects. Finally, we also propose a multidisciplinary clinical approach. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Long COVID: Major Findings, Pathophysiology and Mechanisms, Risk Factors, Vaccinations, and Managements)
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