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Crystals
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Nonlinear Optical Crystals
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Nonlinear Optical Crystals

A special issue of Crystals (ISSN 2073-4352). This special issue belongs to the section "Inorganic Crystalline Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2016) | Viewed by 39332

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Ning Ye

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Science, Fuzhou, China
Interests: nonlinear optical crystals and devices
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The role of nonlinear optical (NLO) crystals is to generate tunable laser beams covering optical spectra regions by means of frequency conversion. Currently, the commercially available crystals are capable of harmonic generation in the region from UV to near-IR. Efforts have been made to grow high quality crystals to improve their laser performance in practical applications, and to discover new crystals to extend the spectra coverage into deep-UV and mid-IR region. These areas are the main reasons for producing the current Special Issue on “Nonlinear Optical Crystals”.

This Special Issue is intended to provide a unique international forum aimed at covering a broad description of research involving theoretical study of structure–property relations, as well as on design, growth, and characterization of NLO crystals. Scientists working in a wide range of disciplines are invited to contribute to this cause.

The topics summarized in the keywords cover broad examples of the larger number of sub-topics that could be covered. The volume is especially open for innovative contributions involving any of NLO/crystal aspects of the topics and/or sub-topics.

Prof. Dr. Ning Ye
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Crystals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Nonlinear optical crystal
  • Crystal growth
  • Crystal structure
  • Structure–property relations

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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1974 KiB  
Article
A High Laser Damage Threshold and a Good Second-Harmonic Generation Response in a New Infrared NLO Material: LiSm3SiS7
by Ni Zhen, Leyan Nian, Guangmao Li, Kui Wu and Shilie Pan
Crystals 2016, 6(10), 121; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst6100121 - 23 Sep 2016
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 4942
Abstract
A series of new infrared nonlinear optical (IR NLO) materials, LiRe3MS7 (Re = Sm, Gd; M = Si, Ge), have been successfully synthesized in vacuum-sealed silica tubes via a high-temperature solid-state method. All of them crystallize in the non-centrosymmetric space [...] Read more.
A series of new infrared nonlinear optical (IR NLO) materials, LiRe3MS7 (Re = Sm, Gd; M = Si, Ge), have been successfully synthesized in vacuum-sealed silica tubes via a high-temperature solid-state method. All of them crystallize in the non-centrosymmetric space group P63 of the hexagonal system. In their structures, LiS6 octahedra connect with each other by sharing common faces to form infinite isolated one-dimensional ∞[LiS3]n chains along the 63 axis. ReS8 polyhedra share edges and corners to construct a three-dimensional tunnel structure with ∞[LiS3]n chains located inside. Remarkably, LiSm3SiS7 shows promising potential as one new IR NLO candidate, including a wide IR transparent region (0.44–21 μm), a high laser damage threshold (LDT) (3.7 × benchmark AgGaS2), and a good NLO response (1.5 × AgGaS2) at a particle size between 88 μm and 105 μm. Dipole-moment calculation was also used to analyze the origin of NLO responses for title compounds. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nonlinear Optical Crystals)
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1391 KiB  
Communication
Packing of Helices: Is Chirality the Highest Crystallographic Symmetry?
by Romain Gautier and Kenneth R. Poeppelmeier
Crystals 2016, 6(9), 106; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst6090106 - 30 Aug 2016
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 6545
Abstract
Chiral structures resulting from the packing of helices are common in biological and synthetic materials. Herein, we analyze the noncentrosymmetry (NCS) in such systems using crystallographic considerations. A comparison of the chiral structures built from helices shows that the chirality can be expected [...] Read more.
Chiral structures resulting from the packing of helices are common in biological and synthetic materials. Herein, we analyze the noncentrosymmetry (NCS) in such systems using crystallographic considerations. A comparison of the chiral structures built from helices shows that the chirality can be expected for specific building units such as 31/32 or 61/65 helices which, in hexagonal arrangement, will more likely lead to a chiral resolution. In these two systems, we show that the highest crystallographic symmetry (i.e., the symmetry which can describe the crystal structure from the smallest assymetric unit) is chiral. As an illustration, we present the synthesis of two materials ([Zn(2,2’-bpy)3](NbF6)2 and [Zn(2,2’-bpy)3](TaF6)2) in which the 3n helices pack into a chiral structure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nonlinear Optical Crystals)
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2298 KiB  
Article
Properties of LiGa0.5In0.5Se2: A Quaternary Chalcogenide Crystal for Nonlinear Optical Applications in the Mid-IR
by Ludmila Isaenko, Alexander Yelisseyev, Sergei Lobanov, Vitaliy Vedenyapin, Pavel Krinitsyn and Valentin Petrov
Crystals 2016, 6(8), 85; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst6080085 - 28 Jul 2016
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 4965
Abstract
LiGaSe2 (LGSe) and LiInSe2 (LISe) are wide band-gap nonlinear crystals transparent in the mid-IR spectral range. LiGa0.5In0.5Se2 (LGISe) is a new mixed crystal, a solid solution in the system LGSe–LISe, which exhibits the same orthorhombic structure [...] Read more.
LiGaSe2 (LGSe) and LiInSe2 (LISe) are wide band-gap nonlinear crystals transparent in the mid-IR spectral range. LiGa0.5In0.5Se2 (LGISe) is a new mixed crystal, a solid solution in the system LGSe–LISe, which exhibits the same orthorhombic structure (mm2) as the parent compounds in the same time being more technological with regard to the growth process. In comparison with LGSe and LISe its homogeneity range is broader in the phase diagram. About 10% of the Li ions in LGISe occupy octahedral positions (octapores) with coordination number of 3. The band-gap of LGISe is estimated to be 2.94 eV at room temperature and 3.04 eV at 80 K. The transparency at the 0-level extends from 0.47 to 13 µm. LGISe crystals exhibit luminescence in broad bands centered near 1.7 and 1.25 eV which is excited most effectively by band-to-band transition. From the measured principal refractive indices and the fitted Sellmeier equations second-harmonic generation from 1.75 to 11.8 μm (fundamental wavelength) is predicted. The nonlinear coefficients of LGISe have values between those of LGSe and LISe. 6LGISe crystals are considered promising also for detection of thermal neutrons. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nonlinear Optical Crystals)
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2677 KiB  
Article
Crystal Growth and Associated Properties of a Nonlinear Optical Crystal—Ba2Zn(BO3)2
by Weiguo Zhang, Hongwei Yu, Hongping Wu and P. Shiv Halasyamani
Crystals 2016, 6(6), 68; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst6060068 - 15 Jun 2016
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 4892
Abstract
Crystals of Ba2Zn(BO3)2 were grown by the top-seeded solution growth (TSSG) method. The optimum flux system for growing Ba2Zn(BO3)2 crystals was 2BaF2:2.5B2O3. The transmission spectra of a [...] Read more.
Crystals of Ba2Zn(BO3)2 were grown by the top-seeded solution growth (TSSG) method. The optimum flux system for growing Ba2Zn(BO3)2 crystals was 2BaF2:2.5B2O3. The transmission spectra of a (100)-orientated crystal indicated an absorption edge of 230 nm. Powder second-harmonic generation measurement revealed that Ba2Zn(BO3)2 can achieve type-I phase matching behavior at the fundamental wavelengths of 1064 and 532 nm respectively. The second-harmonic generating efficiency is around 0.85 and 0.58 times that of β-BaB2O4 when radiated with 1064 and 532 nm lasers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nonlinear Optical Crystals)
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2162 KiB  
Article
Rb2Na(NO3)3: A Congruently Melting UV-NLO Crystal with a Very Strong Second-Harmonic Generation Response
by Guohong Zou, Chensheng Lin, Hyung Gu Kim, Hongil Jo and Kang Min Ok
Crystals 2016, 6(4), 42; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst6040042 - 13 Apr 2016
Cited by 65 | Viewed by 6655
Abstract
Crystals of congruently melting noncentrosymmetric (NCS) mixed alkali metal nitrate, Rb2Na(NO3)3, have been grown through solid state reactions. The material possesses layers with NaO8 hexagonal bipyramids and NO3 triangular units. Rb+ cations are residing [...] Read more.
Crystals of congruently melting noncentrosymmetric (NCS) mixed alkali metal nitrate, Rb2Na(NO3)3, have been grown through solid state reactions. The material possesses layers with NaO8 hexagonal bipyramids and NO3 triangular units. Rb+ cations are residing in the interlayer space. Each NaO8 hexagonal bipyramid shares its corners and edges with two and three NO3 units, respectively, in order to fulfill a highly dense stacking in the unit cell. The NaO8 groups share their six oxygen atoms in equatorial positions with three different NO3 groups to generate a NaO6-NO3 layer with a parallel alignment. The optimized arrangement of the NO3 groups and their high density in the structure together produce a strong second-harmonic generation (SHG) response. Powder SHG measurements indicate that Rb2Na(NO3)3 has a strong SHG efficiency of five times that of KH2PO4 (KDP) and is type I phase-matchable. The calculated average nonlinear optical (NLO) susceptibility of Rb2Na(NO3)3 turns out to be the largest value among the NLO materials composed of only [NO3]− anion. In addition, Rb2Na(NO3)3 exhibits a wide transparency region ranging from UV to near IR, which suggests that the compound is a promising NLO material. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nonlinear Optical Crystals)
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Review

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4536 KiB  
Review
Molecular Structures and Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Properties of Ionic Organic Crystal Materials
by Xiu Liu, Zhou Yang, Dong Wang and Hui Cao
Crystals 2016, 6(12), 158; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst6120158 - 14 Dec 2016
Cited by 93 | Viewed by 9891
Abstract
In recent years, there has been extensive research and continuous development on second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) crystal materials due to their potential applications in telecommunications, THz imaging and spectroscopy, optical information processing, and optical data storage. Recent progress in second-order NLO ionic organic [...] Read more.
In recent years, there has been extensive research and continuous development on second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) crystal materials due to their potential applications in telecommunications, THz imaging and spectroscopy, optical information processing, and optical data storage. Recent progress in second-order NLO ionic organic crystal materials is reviewed in this article. Research has shown that the second-order nonlinear optical properties of organic crystal materials are closely related to their molecular structures. The basic structures of ionic organic conjugated molecules with excellent nonlinear optical properties are summarized. The effects of molecular structure, for example, conjugated π electron systems, electronic properties of donor-acceptor groups, and different counter-anion effects on second order NLO properties and crystal packing are studied. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nonlinear Optical Crystals)
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