Diagnosis, Treatment and Prognosis of Psychosis Spectrum Disorder in Children and Adolescents

A special issue of Children (ISSN 2227-9067). This special issue belongs to the section "Child and Adolescent Psychiatry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 October 2023) | Viewed by 4121

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
Interests: pediatric mood disorders; neurodevelopmental disorders; first-episode psychosis; psychopharmacology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
1. Director of Psychiatry Residency Program, Atlanticare Health System, Atlantic City, NJ, USA
2. Assistant Professor of Psychiatry, Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine, Scranton, PA, USA
Interests: pediatric mood disorders; neuromodulation

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Guest Editor
Assistant Professor of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
Interests: pediatric mood disorders; early psychosis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Childhood-onset psychotic disorders before the age 13 are infrequent. However, there is a substantial increase in the prevalence of psychotic disorders during adolescence. Clinical presentations in this age group are often complex with significant overlap between psychosis, and affective and prodromal symptomatology. At the same time, as children are undergoing major developmental changes including identity formation and developing peer and social relationships, they often present with externalizing behaviors leading to the co-diagnosis of mood/emotional dysregulation disorders, attention deficit disorders, and oppositional defiant/conduct disorder. The clinical picture becomes clearer with time thus making the diagnosis and management complex. Furthermore, the initial period after diagnosis of a psychotic disorder often carries an increased risk of treatment disengagement, relapse, and suicide. Early identification of psychotic disorders and comorbidities helps reduce the duration of untreated psychosis thereby improving treatment outcomes and long-term prognosis.

In this Special Issue, we invite articles focused on the diagnosis and treatment of psychosis in children and adolescents and the impact of clinical interventions on long-term prognosis in this population.

Dr. Rikin S. Patel
Dr. Ramkrishna Makani
Dr. Tanuja Gandhi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Children is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • psychotic disorders
  • schizophrenia
  • early onset schizophrenia
  • treatment outcome
  • subclinical psychosis
  • thought disorder
  • paranoia
  • hallucinations
  • childhood maltreatment
  • trauma
  • risk factors
  • children
  • adolescents

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 279 KiB  
Article
Estimating the Risk of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in Parents of Children with ADHD and the Association with Their Children’s Disease Severity and Adherence to Medication
by Jananheendaran Ragadran, Norazlin Kamal Nor, Juriza Ismail, Jun Jean Ong and Charlotte Sundaraj
Children 2023, 10(9), 1440; https://doi.org/10.3390/children10091440 - 24 Aug 2023
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Abstract
Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterised by inattentiveness, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Up to half of the affected children have a parent with ADHD. In this study, the risk of ADHD among parents of ADHD children was estimated. The associations between parental [...] Read more.
Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterised by inattentiveness, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Up to half of the affected children have a parent with ADHD. In this study, the risk of ADHD among parents of ADHD children was estimated. The associations between parental ADHD and child ADHD severity and medication adherence were determined. Methodology: Parents of children and adolescents diagnosed with ADHD attending the University Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC) were recruited between June to August 2022 and the administered Conners’ Adult ADHD Rating Scale (CAARS) self-report short form, Vanderbilt ADHD Parent Rating Scale (performance section), and Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS). Results: Forty-five children with ADHD were recruited and 15 out of 45 (33%) parents were detected to have ADHD. ADHD severity was worse in children with ADHD parents for total severity (mean of 34.67 vs. 29.13, p = 0.047) and difficult behaviours at home (mean of 7.87 vs. 6.27, p = 0.036). The children’s academic performance and behavioural challenges at home and school were positively correlated with the parental ADHD scores for ‘inattention’ and ‘problems with self-care’ subscales. Conclusions: A total of 33% of ADHD children had parents with ADHD. ADHD children with ADHD parents were more likely to have behavioural problems at home and more severe ADHD. However, no statistical significance was noted with medication adherence. Full article
14 pages, 330 KiB  
Article
Emotion Regulation Difficulties, Family Functioning, and Well-Being Involved in Non-Suicidal Self-Injury and Suicidal Risk in Adolescents and Young People with Borderline Personality Traits
by Rosario J. Marrero, Macarena Bello, Daida Morales-Marrero and Ascensión Fumero
Children 2023, 10(6), 1057; https://doi.org/10.3390/children10061057 - 13 Jun 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1782
Abstract
Individuals with a borderline personality disorder (BPD) or BPD traits usually have a lifetime history of harmful behaviors. Emotion regulation difficulties are a risk factor for suicide, whereas adequate family functioning and well-being play an important protective role. This study aims to determine [...] Read more.
Individuals with a borderline personality disorder (BPD) or BPD traits usually have a lifetime history of harmful behaviors. Emotion regulation difficulties are a risk factor for suicide, whereas adequate family functioning and well-being play an important protective role. This study aims to determine the role of emotion regulation difficulties, well-being, and family functioning in the suicide risk and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in adolescents and young people with BPD traits. From a sample of 285 young people, 103 (36.1%) had BPD traits (mean age = 16.82, SD = 2.71), and 68.93% were females. The results showed significant differences in personal and family variables according to the type of harmful behavior. Suicide attempts (SA) were mainly predicted by difficulties in impulse control, whereas NSSI was predicted by low family satisfaction. Programs designed to prevent SA and NSSI should consider individual differences, as well as the type of harmful behaviors exhibited. Full article
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