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Biomedicines
Special Issues
The Pathophysiology of Peripheral Nerve Injuries
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The Pathophysiology of Peripheral Nerve Injuries

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Neurobiology and Clinical Neuroscience".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2023) | Viewed by 7293

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Márcia Almeida Liz

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Neurodegeneration Team, Nerve Regeneration Group, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology-IBMC, and i3S, Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
Interests: neurodegenerative disorders; peripheral neuropathy; protein aggregation; neuronal cytoskeleton; axonal degeneration; neuronal cell biology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Peripheral neuropathies comprise a group of disorders that severely damage peripheral nerve function and affect approximately 2.4 percent of the population. These disorders originate from a variety of factors including genetic, metabolic, systemic, and toxic causes, which drive the dysfunction of motor, sensory, and autonomic nerve fibers. Peripheral nerve dysfunction results mainly from axonal degeneration, demyelination, or a combination of both. Deciphering the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying peripheral neuropathies is critical not only to increasing the knowledge of the pathogenesis of these diseases but also for the development of therapeutic interventions. Sharing the up-to-date research on peripheral neuropathies at the cell and molecular level, including the methodological and translational aspects, is of specific relevance to this issue.

This open-access Special Issue, consisting of original research and review articles, provides an opportunity for researchers in the field to share their research on the pathophysiology of peripheral neuropathies with broad coverage of aspects ranging from cell biology to a translational level.

Prof. Dr. Márcia Almeida Liz
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomedicines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • peripheral neuropathy
  • axonal degeneration
  • demyelination
  • neuron-glia cross talk
  • cell biology
  • mechanisms of neuropathy
  • therapeutics

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 1196 KiB  
Article
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Neuropathic Pain Associated or Not with a Nociplastic Condition
by César Fernández-de-las-Peñas, Stella Fuensalida-Novo, Jo Nijs, Annalie Basson, Gustavo Plaza-Manzano, Juan A. Valera-Calero, Lars Arendt-Nielsen and Ana I. de-la-Llave-Rincón
Biomedicines 2023, 11(6), 1744; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11061744 - 17 Jun 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3009
Abstract
Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) has been traditionally classified as primarily a neuropathic condition with or without pain. Precision medicine refers to an evidence-based method of grouping patients based on their susceptibility to biology, prognosis of a particular disease, or in their response to [...] Read more.
Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) has been traditionally classified as primarily a neuropathic condition with or without pain. Precision medicine refers to an evidence-based method of grouping patients based on their susceptibility to biology, prognosis of a particular disease, or in their response to a specific treatment, and tailoring specific treatments accordingly. In 2021, the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) proposed a grading system for classifying patients into nociceptive, neuropathic, or nociplastic phenotypes. This position paper presents data supporting the possibility of subgrouping individuals with specific CTS related-pain into nociceptive, neuropathic, nociplastic or mixed-type phenotypes. Carpal tunnel syndrome is a neuropathic condition but can also be comorbid with a nociplastic pain condition. The presence of extra-median symptoms and the development of facilitated pain processing seem to be signs suggesting that specific CTS cases can be classified as the nociplastic pain phenotype. The clinical responses of therapeutic approaches for the management of CTS are inconclusive. Accordingly, the ability to identify the predominant pain phenotype in patients with CTS could likely be problematic for producing efficient treatment outcomes. In fact, the presence of a nociplastic or mixed-type pain phenotype would explain the lack of clinical effect of treatment interventions targeting the carpal tunnel area selectively. We propose a clinical decision tree by using the 2021 IASP classification criteria for identifying the predominant pain phenotype in people with CTS-related pain, albeit CTS being a priori a neuropathic pain condition. The identification of a nociplastic-associated condition requires a more nuanced multimodal treatment approach to achieve better treatment outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Pathophysiology of Peripheral Nerve Injuries)
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Review

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11 pages, 250 KiB  
Review
Pathophysiology of Work-Related Neuropathies
by Tariq Malik, Ahmed Malik and Alaa Abd-Elsayed
Biomedicines 2023, 11(6), 1745; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11061745 - 17 Jun 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1052
Abstract
Work-related injuries are common. The cost of these injuries is around USD 176 billion to USD 350 billion a year. A significant number of work-related injuries involve nerve damage or dysfunction. Injuries may heal with full recovery of function, but those involving nerve [...] Read more.
Work-related injuries are common. The cost of these injuries is around USD 176 billion to USD 350 billion a year. A significant number of work-related injuries involve nerve damage or dysfunction. Injuries may heal with full recovery of function, but those involving nerve damage may result in significant loss of function or very prolonged recovery. While many factors can predispose a person to suffer nerve damage, in most cases, it is a multifactorial issue that involves both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. This makes preventing work-related injuries hard. To date, no evidence-based guidelines are available to clinicians to evaluate work-related nerve dysfunction. While the symptoms range from poor endurance to cramping to clear loss of motor and sensory functions, not all nerves are equally vulnerable. The common risk factors for nerve damage are a superficial location, a long course, an acute change in trajectory along the course, and coursing through tight spaces. The pathophysiology of acute nerve injury is well known, but that of chronic nerve injury is much less well understood. The two most common mechanisms of nerve injury are stretching and compression. Chronic mild to moderate compression is the most common mechanism of nerve injury and it elicits a characteristic response from Schwann cells, which is different from the one when nerve is acutely injured. It is important to gain a better understanding of work-related nerve dysfunction, both from health and from regulatory standpoints. Currently, management depends upon etiology of nerve damage, recovery is often poor if nerves are badly damaged or treatment is not instituted early. This article reviews the current pathophysiology of chronic nerve injury. Chronic nerve injury animal models have contributed a lot to our understanding but it is still not complete. Better understanding of chronic nerve injury pathology will result in identification of novel and more effective targets for pharmacological interventions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Pathophysiology of Peripheral Nerve Injuries)

Other

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19 pages, 1112 KiB  
Systematic Review
Implantable Peripheral Nerve Stimulation for Peripheral Neuropathic Pain: A Systematic Review of Prospective Studies
by Steven Char, Max Y. Jin, Vinicius Tieppo Francio, Nasir Hussain, Eric J. Wang, Mahmoud Morsi, Vwaire Orhurhu, Larry J. Prokop, Adam Fink and Ryan S. D’Souza
Biomedicines 2022, 10(10), 2606; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10102606 - 17 Oct 2022
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 2639
Abstract
Peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) has been utilized for over 50 years with accumulating evidence of efficacy in a variety of chronic pain conditions. The level and strength of evidence supporting the use of PNS for peripheral neuropathic pain remains unclear. The purpose of [...] Read more.
Peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) has been utilized for over 50 years with accumulating evidence of efficacy in a variety of chronic pain conditions. The level and strength of evidence supporting the use of PNS for peripheral neuropathic pain remains unclear. The purpose of this review is to synthesize data from prospective studies on the efficacy of PNS for neuropathic pain as it pertains to pain intensity, neurological deficits/neuropathy (e.g., weakness, sensory deficits, gait/balance), and other secondary outcomes (quality of life, satisfaction, emotional functioning, and adverse events). In compliance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, this review identified articles from MEDLINE(R), EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Scopus. Overall, per the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria, pooled results demonstrate very low quality or low quality of evidence supporting modest to substantial improvement in pain and neurological function after PNS implantation for treatment of peripheral neuropathic pain. PNS for phantom limb pain was the only indication that had moderate level evidence. Future prospective and well-powered studies are warranted to assess the efficacy of PNS for peripheral neuropathic pain. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Pathophysiology of Peripheral Nerve Injuries)
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