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Behavioral Sciences
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Impulsivity, Cognitive and Empathic Dysfunctions in Perpetrators of Intimate Partner...
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Impulsivity, Cognitive and Empathic Dysfunctions in Perpetrators of Intimate Partner Violence against Women

A special issue of Behavioral Sciences (ISSN 2076-328X). This special issue belongs to the section "Psychiatric, Emotional and Behavioral Disorders".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2020) | Viewed by 17911

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Ángel Romero Martínez

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Guest Editor
Department of Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
Interests: brain; chronic stress; drug misuse; empathy; genetics; neuropsychology; neurophysiology; violence
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cognitive and empathic dysfunctions seem to play an important role in intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW). Moreover, it has been hypothesized that impulsivity might mediate the relationship between these variables and proneness to violence. Nevertheless, these conclusions are based on only a few studies that are limited in scope. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new research in this field to determine whether the associations between these variables are good predictors of a complex phenomenon like IPVAW. In this regard, there is a need to publish new manuscripts that analyze this topic and include new tools, such as genetic markers, hormonal parameters, psychophysiological variables, neuropsychological tests, and self-reports. It is extremely important to approach this issue from an integrative perspective. Thus, manuscripts with different perspectives are welcome that allow to us to offer a broader perspective of a complex phenomenon while reducing biases in the interpretation of the results.

Prof. Dr. Ángel Romero Martínez
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • brain
  • cognitive functioning
  • drug misuse
  • empathy
  • genetics
  • hormones
  • impulsivity
  • intimate partner violence against women
  • reoffending

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

25 pages, 490 KiB  
Article
Is All Dating Violence Equal? Gender and Severity Differences in Predictors of Perpetration
by Gabriela Ontiveros, Arthur Cantos, Po-Yi Chen, Ruby Charak and K. Daniel O’Leary
Behav. Sci. 2020, 10(7), 118; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs10070118 - 20 Jul 2020
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3266
Abstract
The present study assesses the extent of perpetration of physical violence in predominately Hispanic high school students in the Rio Grande Valley, Texas. The relationship between adverse childhood experiences, exposure to interparental violence, attachment, emotion regulation, and impulsivity on two distinct, mutually exclusive, [...] Read more.
The present study assesses the extent of perpetration of physical violence in predominately Hispanic high school students in the Rio Grande Valley, Texas. The relationship between adverse childhood experiences, exposure to interparental violence, attachment, emotion regulation, and impulsivity on two distinct, mutually exclusive, categories of severity of physical teen dating violence (TDV) perpetration is further explored. Participants completed self-report measures as part of a larger, anonymous web-based questionnaire. Two categories (i.e., minor/moderate and severe) were created to discern the contextual variables associated with different levels of severity of physical violence perpetration by males and females. Eight-hundred and twenty-nine 14- to 18-year-old adolescents from four different high schools participated in the study, of whom 407 reported having been in a dating relationship in the last 12 months. The results demonstrate that when only the most severe item of TDV is taken into consideration, the rates of violence perpetration by males and females are almost equal and remarkably lower than those reported in the literature. However, when the assessment includes minor/moderate levels of violence, such as pushing, the rates of violence perpetration by females are twice those of males and are consistent with those reported in the literature. Furthermore, different variables are associated with different levels of severity of violence perpetration. The results support approaches that emphasize the need to take the context of the violence into consideration, since all levels are not equal. The need to take the severity of violence into account in studies assessing dating violence is highlighted. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impulsivity, Cognitive and Empathic Dysfunctions in Perpetrators of Intimate Partner Violence against Women)
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17 pages, 337 KiB  
Article
Impulsivity and Empathy in Dating Violence among a Sample of College Females
by Arta Dodaj, Kristina Sesar and Nataša Šimić
Behav. Sci. 2020, 10(7), 117; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs10070117 - 20 Jul 2020
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 4595
Abstract
The predictive factors of violence between married couples or adolescents are well-known. However, less is known about the factors relating to intimate violence among college students. This study examined sociodemographic variables (age, duration of relationship, and relationship satisfaction), impulsivity, and empathy as predictors [...] Read more.
The predictive factors of violence between married couples or adolescents are well-known. However, less is known about the factors relating to intimate violence among college students. This study examined sociodemographic variables (age, duration of relationship, and relationship satisfaction), impulsivity, and empathy as predictors of dating violence, using data from 474 female college students from the University of Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The sample completed online the Conflict Tactics Scale 2 Short Form, the Interpersonal Reactivity Index, and the Short Impulsive Behavior Scale. The results indicated a higher prevalence of victimization than perpetration for psychological aggression. The obtained data showed that younger women and those in longer relationships, as well as those unsatisfied with their relationship, are more prone to experience psychological victimization or perpetration. Relationship satisfaction was also shown to be a predictor of physical perpetration causing injury. Impulsivity facets were found to have a differential weight in explaining dating violence. Empathy was shown to be a significant predictor of dating victimization, specifically “perspective taking” for psychological victimization and empathic concern for sexual victimization. These results suggest the need to develop specific interventions and prevention programs focused on relationship satisfaction, impulsivity, and empathy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impulsivity, Cognitive and Empathic Dysfunctions in Perpetrators of Intimate Partner Violence against Women)
12 pages, 787 KiB  
Article
Alexithymia as a Predictor of Arousal and Affect Dysregulations when Batterers with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Cope with Acute Stress
by Ángel Romero-Martínez, Marisol Lila and Luis Moya-Albiol
Behav. Sci. 2020, 10(4), 70; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs10040070 - 1 Apr 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 4383
Abstract
Empirical research has stated that Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) might underlie intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) perpetration. Even though there is a clear relationship between these two variables, it is still unknown how ADHD facilitates violence proneness. In this regard, psychophysiological [...] Read more.
Empirical research has stated that Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) might underlie intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) perpetration. Even though there is a clear relationship between these two variables, it is still unknown how ADHD facilitates violence proneness. In this regard, psychophysiological variables such as skin conductance levels (SCL) might offer information about emotional regulation when individuals cope with stress. Furthermore, alexithymia traits might be a strong candidate in explaining the above-mentioned emotional dysregulations. Hence, we compared the SCL response to acute cognitive stress in IPVAW perpetrators with and without ADHD symptoms to that of controls (non-violent and unaffected), and we also assessed the presence of alexithymia traits and their role in emotional regulation. Our data point out that ADHD IPVAW perpetrators presented higher SCL and negative affect than controls, particularly during the recovery period. Moreover, ADHD IPVAW perpetrators showed higher self-reported alexithymia, and this variable was a good predictor of autonomic and psychological state dysregulations, even after controlling for the effects of alcohol and drug misuse. Therefore, our study reinforces the need to consider psychophysiological measurements when screening the therapeutic needs of IPVAW perpetrators, due to their relatively low cost and the significant contents of their results. Finally, we also highlight the key role of alexithymia in this violent population, which should be considered when designing cognitive intervention training coadjutant to current psychotherapies for IPVAW perpetrators. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impulsivity, Cognitive and Empathic Dysfunctions in Perpetrators of Intimate Partner Violence against Women)
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11 pages, 1956 KiB  
Article
Empathy Mediates the Relations between Working Memory and Perpetration of Intimate Partner Violence and Aggression
by Donald A. Godfrey, Caitlin M. Kehoe, Adriana Bastardas-Albero and Julia C. Babcock
Behav. Sci. 2020, 10(3), 63; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs10030063 - 5 Mar 2020
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 5295
Abstract
Deficits in executive functioning have been associated with aggressive and violent behavior toward intimate partners. However, it is unclear what specific mechanisms are being affected by cognitive deficits that increase an individual’s tendency to become aggressive. The current study examined empathy as a [...] Read more.
Deficits in executive functioning have been associated with aggressive and violent behavior toward intimate partners. However, it is unclear what specific mechanisms are being affected by cognitive deficits that increase an individual’s tendency to become aggressive. The current study examined empathy as a mediating factor between deficits in working memory and perpetration of intimate partner aggression and violence. Men in heterosexual relationships (N = 49) were administered a measure of visual-spatial working memory, and questionnaire measures of head injury and empathy. During a second session, men participated in a conflict discussion with their female partner that was coded for aggressive behavior. Female partners also reported on men’s physical and psychological abuse. Working memory was positively related to cognitive and affective empathy, and negatively related to men’s physical abuse perpetration and observed aggression during the conflict discussion. The effects of working memory on observed aggression during the conflict were fully mediated by cognitive and affective empathy. Additionally, the effects of working memory on reported physical IPV frequency were fully mediated by affective empathy. Deficits in working memory may decrease men’s ability to use empathetic processes, resulting in increased aggression and violence toward their intimate partners. Clinically, incorporating empathy training in battering intervention programs may be helpful, especially among men with deficits in cognitive functioning. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impulsivity, Cognitive and Empathic Dysfunctions in Perpetrators of Intimate Partner Violence against Women)
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